Chapters 5-7 – Flashcards
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When a speaker uses powerful speech pattern he/she a. tends to be received more positively in cultures like Mexico b. stresses relational goals over content goals c. may undermine relational goals to accomplish short term goals d. will use very polite phrases and intensifiers e. will be successful in all communication encounters
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c
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"We" language: a. may accomplish the goals of "I" language and sound less egotistical b. should be avoided when expressing personal feelings and thoughts c. can signal closeness and cohesiveness with others d. can offend another person in some circumstances e. all of the above
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e
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The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is the best known declaration of: a. convergence b. linguistic relativism c. identity d. emotive theory e. pragmatism
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b
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In a low-context language culture, you will notice: a. indirect expression of opinions b. use of silence admired c. less reliance on explicit verbal messages d. self-expression valued e. ambiguity admired
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d
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Succinctness in language is most extreme in cultures where: a. silence is valued b. the language system is limited c. more than one language is spoken d. verbal fluency is admired e. the use of equivocation is high
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a
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All of the following statements about gender and language are true except which one? a. Men's speech is more direct and task-oriented b. Women's speech is more indirect and elaborate c. Female speech often contains statements of sympathy and empathy d. Women interrupt men more in mixed-sex conversations e. Women are more likely to use more intensive adverbs than men
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d
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When we study semantic rules, we learn that: a. words mean a lot in and of themselves b. understanding occurs as a result of users agreeing on the same meanings for words c. words typically can be interpreted in only one way d. meanings rest more in words than in the people who use them e. all of the above
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b
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In cultures that stress formality in language: a. using correct grammar is most important b. language use defines social position c. the people talk less d. there are fewer real friendships e. the people are too stiff to really communicate
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b
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Equivocal words: a. have more than one commonly accepted definition b. are low-level abstractions c. mean the same to all people and are thus redundant d. have meanings one person can guess at but another can't e. have no known nonverbal signals to accompany them
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a
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Which of the following is the least abstract definition of a successful college experience? a. a better understanding of Western civilization b. completion of the requirements listed on page 24 of the college catalog with a grade-point average of 2.0 or higher c. the ability to express oneself clearly, understand principles of the arts and sciences, and have some expertise in a chosen field of study d. both intellectual and social adjustment e. the ability to contribute to society
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b
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A speaker's willingness to take responsibility for his/her thoughts or feelings can be indicated by the use of: a. singular terms b. "I" language c. "you" language d. consequence terms e. euphemisms
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b
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"People from the East Coast are rude." Which of the following abstraction problems is illustrated by this statement? a. stereotyping b. confusing others c. confusing yourself d. being too frank e. bicoastalism
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a
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Which of the following is a way to avoid the abstraction in the statement "I've got to be a better student"? a. "I'm going to spend two hours a day studying." b. "I'm going to try harder." c. "I'm going to get some help from some places on campus." d. "My mother and father will be happier if I'm a better student." e. "Instructors like students who try hard."
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a
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A behavioral description should include: a. who is involved b. in what circumstances the behavior occurs c. the specific behavior d. all of these choices are correct e. none of these choices are correct
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d
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If I say "here the drink bring," I have violated a(n) ________ rule of our language. a. initial b. syntactic c. median d. semantic e. final
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b
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Syntactic rules of language govern: a. the grammar of language b. the ways in which speakers respond to symbols c. the words that become slang d. the creation of new tactics e. the way that semanticists create meaning
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a
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Which of the following is an accurate statement about the way some women's voices rise in pitch at the end of a sentence? a. Women who speak this way are perceived as timid and lacking in self-confidence b. Women who speak this way are perceived as cooperative c. Women who speak this way to convey a cooperative tone might be perceived as hesitant d. all of the above e. none of the above
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d
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Which of the following is one of the suggestions for improving communication with the visually impaired? a. Mention your name when starting a conversation with people who are blind b. At the end of the conversation, say you are leaving c. Clue in visually-impaired people when something is going on that they can't see d. all of the above e. none of the above
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d
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Which of the following nonverbal behaviors is least important in a job interview? a. smiling b. handshaking c. clothing d. eye contact e. any of these behaviors may be equally important
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e
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Which of the following is not true of deception detection? a. We accurately detect deception only slightly more than half the time b. We underestimate our abilities to detect others' lies c. We're not as good at catching lies as we think we are d. Wanting to believe people wouldn't lie to us biases our ability to detect deceit e. all of the above are true
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b
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Students who were shown interior home photos accurately identified that the homes communicated: a. the homeowners' politeness b. the homeowners' tenseness c. the homeowners' artistic interests d. family orientations e. all of these choices are correct
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e
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Status can be conveyed nonverbally through: a. time b. touch c. clothing d. posture e. all of these choices are correct
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e
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Amber wants to make a sale. According to the nonverbal information presented in Chapter 6, to get compliance from a customer she might try: a. speaking in a rate much faster than her customer's b. lightly touching her customer c. avoiding direct eye contact with her customer d. keeping her facial expressions as neutral as possible e. none of these are advisable to gain compliance
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b
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Studies of nonverbal communication across cultures reveal that: a. smiles and laughter are a universal signal of positive emotions b. sour expressions convey displeasure in some cultures and pleasure in others c. a direct gaze is considered appropriate in most cultures d. classes usually start and end on time in most cultures e. all of the above are true
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a
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The design and environment of rooms: a. communicate information about the owner's personality b. shape the interaction that takes place there c. communicate information about the interests of the owner d. b and c above e. all of these choices are correct
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e
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Kinesics is the study of: a. personal distances b. verbal and nonverbal behavior c. body position and motion d. environmental stress e. clothing and color
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c
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Proxemics is the study of: a. the way people and animals use space b. the way people use words to transmit messages c. the way people use facial expressions d. the way people use silence e. the way people use vocal cues
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a
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The many ways the voice communicates- including tone, speed, pitch, number and length of pauses, volume, etc.- are called: a. paralanguage b. vocalics c. noncommunicators d. nonvocals e. proxemics
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a
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Nonverbally, women ______ more than men. a. make less eye contact b. smile less c. are less vocally expressive d. use more head, hand, and arm gestures e. require more personal space
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d
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Studies of nonverbal posture behaviors have found that: a. we are generally unaware of posture b. different facial expressions help posture interpretation c. we should use unambiguous postural cues d. tension and relaxation of muscles can indicate status differences e. posture is not important to body image
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d
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All of the following statements are true except which one? a. The eyes can communicate positive and negative attitudes b. Nonveral messages of the face and eyes are easiest to read c. The use of eye contact can increase compliance d. The eyes can indicate dominance and submission e. The eyes send involvement messages
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b
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All of the following are characteristics of nonverbal behavior except which one? a. Nonverbal skills are important b. Nonverbal behavior is clear and unambiguous c. Nonverbal communication is primarily relational d. All nonverbal behavior has communicative value e. Nonverbal communication serves many funcitons
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b
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According to a study of college students and their communication activities, over 20 percent of their communication time was spent: a. writing b. speaking c. engaging in interpersonal listening d. reading e. engaging in media listening
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c
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All of the following are ineffective listening styles mentioned in the text except: a. ambushing b. insulated listening c. stage hogging d. pseudolistening e. signal listening
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e
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Which best describes the relationship between our rate of hearing speech and the average rate of speaking? a. We speak at nearly the same rate we are able to listen b. We can listen 4-6 times faster than an average person speaks c. We are able to speak 2 times faster than an average person can listen d. We are able to listen slightly faster than an average person speaks e. We can listen twice as fast as an average person speaks
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b
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The process of using questioning and paraphrasing messages is a type of: a. linear communication b. insensitive listening c. selective perception d. defensive behavior e. perception checking
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e
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All of the following are reasons why it is difficult to listen all the time except which one? a. We hear so many verbal messages b. We are often wrapped up in personal concerns c. We comprehend words at a slower rate than people speak them d. We have many physical distractions e. We think speaking has more advantages than listening
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c
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Giving only the appearance of being attentive is termed: a. pseudolistening b. selective listening c. defensive listening d. insensitive listening e. fake listening
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a
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The advantage of paraphrasing to help is that: a. you can help the problem-holder to sort out the problem b. you can suggest the solution that's best for your partner c. you can point out your partner's good ideas d. you can share your own experiences and ideas e. all of these answers are correct
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a
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According to your text, advice is: a. only to be used when paraphrasing fails b. helpful when it is correct or accurate c. best when preceded by your analysis of a situation d. actually unhelpful as least as often as it is helpful e. less helpful than either supporting or judging response styles
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d
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Which is the best helping paraphrase response to the following statement? "My boss keeps kidding me about how we should have an affair. I don't know what to do. Sometimes I think he's just joking, and sometimes I think it's a real proposition." a. "Either way it's sexual harassment, which is illegal. You shouldn't let him get away with it!" b. "So you can't figure out his motives, is that it?" c. "You sound upset by this." d. "You sound worried and confused because you're not sure if he's coming on to you or not." e. "That's a common problem these days. I can see why you're upset, and I don't blame you."
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d
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Imagine you've been listening for some time to a friend talk about whether or not to drop out of school. Which is the best helping paraphrase response? a. "You're confused because there are as many reasons to stay as there are to leave, right?" b. "Which alternative sounds best to you?" c. "When you're this confused, it's best to go with your heart." d. "You do sound mixed up. Maybe you ought to hold off making this decision for a while." e. "Tell me more. I think we can get to the bottom of this if we talk it out. I'm listening."
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a
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You meet a friend at the supermarket and ask how he is doing. He replies, "I'm OK for the most part, just stressed with all these finals." Which of the following is the best helping paraphrase response? a. "Yeah, I know what you mean." b. "So you're stressed, huh?" c. "You'll be fine; you always get good grades." d. "Bet you're wishing you hadn't taken 18 units, huh?" e. "So, you're managing most things just fine, but will be relieved when finals are over?"
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e
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When you try to reflect the underlying theme in a statement, you are engaging in: a. judging b. questioning c. paraphrasing d. prompting e. pseudolistening
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c
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Which of the following bodily changes occurs during careful listening? a. heart rate quickens b. respiration increases c. body temperature rises d. all of these answers are correct e. none of these answers are correct
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d
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Which of the following is the best helping paraphrase response to the following statement? "I'm really bummed out about my apartment situation." a. "So, you're bummed out, huh?" b. "Your apartment situation is bad?" c. "You're depressed because you haven't found a place to live yet?" d. "You should really get a new place; I agree." e. "It will all work out by next month."
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c
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Constructive criticism is a kind of listening response that falls into the category termed: a. advising b. judging c. analyzing d. supporting e. questioning
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b
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Your roommate gives the appearance of listening to you, but you can tell from her responses that her mind is elsewhere. You could call her listening style in this instance: a. stage hogging b. insulated listening c. pseudolistening d. defensive listening e. ambushing
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c
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The residual message is: a. the part of the message we respond to b. the part of the message we understand c. the part of the message we remember d. usually stated first e. usually states last
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c
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Making sense of a message is related to which element of listening? a. hearing b. attending c. understanding d. responding e. remembering
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c
