Chapter 14: Developing the Intro and Conclusion – Flashcards

-Arouse the audience's attention and willingness to listen -Introduce the topic and purpose -Establish you credibility to speak on the topic -Preview the main points -Motivate the audience to accept your speech goals

-Prepare the intro after you've completed the speech body so you will know exactly what you need to preview. -Keep the intro brief---as a rule, no more than 10 to 15 percent of the entire speech. -Practice delivering your intro until you feel confident you've got it right.

A question that does not invite actual responses but is used to make the listener or the audience anticipate answers from the speaker.

-Gain audience attention -State the topic and purpose -Establish credibility as a speaker -Preview the main points

-must believe speech will interest them and offer something of a benefit -share a compelling story, establish common ground, provide unusual info, pose question, use humor, offer quotation

-declare what you speech is about and what you hope to accomplish

-audience want to feel they can trust what you have to say -they want to believe in your ethos, good character -offer simple statement of qualifications on topic -emphasize some experience, knowledge, or perspective that is different from or more extensive than your audience

-helps audience mentally organize speech as they follow along -preview statement is straightforward -save in depth discussion for body

Statement included in the intro of a speech in which the speaker identifies the main speech points.

-motive audience to care about topic and make it relevant to them -convey what audience stands to gain with your info or convince them your speech purpose is consistent with their motives and values

-Use stories, unusual facts, quotes, or humor to capture audience attention and stimulate interest. -Establish a positive common bond with listeners, perhaps by referring to the purpose of the occasion. -Alert listeners to the speech purpose and topic. -Establish your credibility to address the topic. -Preview the main points of the speech. -Motivate listeners to accept your speech goals by conveying the benefits of your topic.

-Signal that the speech is coming to an end and provide closure. -Summarize the key points. -Reiterate the thesis or central idea of the speech. -Remind the audience of ho your ideas will benefit them -Challenge the audience to remember and possibly act upon your ideas. -End the speech memorably.

-Prepare conclusion after you've completed the body. -Do not leave the conclusion to chance. Include it with your speaking outline. -Keep the conclusion brief--as a rule, no more than 10-15% of overall speech. Conclude soon after you say you're about to end. -Carefully consider your use of language. More than in other parts of the speech, the conclusion can contain words that inspire and motivate. -Practice delivering your conclusion until you feel confident you've got it right. -Once you've signaled the end of your speech, conclude in short order (but not abruptly).

-listeners want and need speaker to acknowledge the end -listeners look for logical and emotional closure -transitional word for phrase; finally, looking back, in conclusion... -adjust your manner of delivery; vary tone, pitch, rhythm, rate

-emphasize the main points to help audience remember -restatement brings full circle and gives sense of completion

-reiterate topic and purpose to imprint on audience memory

-challenges audience to put to use what speaker shared with them -in informative speech challenge audience to use what learned -in persuasive challenge audience in form of call to action

A challenge to audience members to act in response to a speech; placed at the conclusion of a persuasive speech.

-speech that makes lasting impression is one that listeners are more likely to remember and act on -make use of same devices for capturing attention in intro

-Signal the start of the conclusion with a transition. -End your speech soon after you signal you're about to close. -Plan for a conclusion that is no more than about 1/6th of the time spent on body of speech. -Reiterate your main points. -Remind listeners of the speech topic and purpose. -Reiterate the benefits of your topic. -Include a challenge or call to action to motivate the audience to respond to your ideas or appeals, particularly if your goal is to persuade. -Consider referring back upon story, unusual fact, or quotations you used in your intro to provide a sense of closure and make a lasting impression.