question

Most successful speakers are nervous before taking the floor

answer

True

question

When you give a speech to your classmates, you are engaged in one-way communication

answer

False

question

Listeners usually realize how tense a speaker is.

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False

question

It has been estimated that being fully prepared for a speech can reduce stage fright by up to 75 percent.

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True

question

Egocentrism means that audiences typically approach speeches by asking "Why is this important for me?"

answer

True

question

Being audience-centered means a speaker must sacrifice what she or he really believes to get a favorable response from the audience.

answer

False

question

The need for audience analysis and adaptation is one of the major differences between public speaking and everyday conversation.

answer

False

question

Audience analysis and adaptation affect all aspects of speechmaking except for the delivery of the speech itself.

answer

False

question

Kristen is listening to a political candidate's speech for purposes of deciding whether to accept or reject the speaker's message. According to your textbook, Kristen is engaged in __________ listening.

answer

critical

question

Suspending judgment means that you need to accept uncritically whatever a speaker says.

answer

False

question

Critical listening involves engaging in a mental argument with everything a speaker says.

answer

False

question

According to your textbook, listening to understand a classroom lecture is an example of comprehensive listening.

answer

True

question

For your first speech, your textbook recommends trying to end on a clever or thought-provoking note.

answer

True

question

One of the advantages of the extemporaneous method of delivery is that it enables you to maintain eye contact with your audience.

answer

True

question

According to your textbook, a common mistake students make when developing their first speech is

answer

trying to cover too much material.

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According to your textbook, the best way to practice a speech is to look silently over your notes until you think you know the speech well enough to deliver it in class.

answer

False

question

A faster rate of speech is usually called for when a speaker is explaining complex information

answer

False

question

Communication based on a person's voice and body, rather than on the use of words, is called _______________ communication.

answer

nonverbal

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You can articulate a word crisply and still mispronounce it.

answer

True

question

Speaking from memory is most effective when a speaker wants to be very responsive to feedback from the audience.

answer

False

question

Benefits of studying speech?

answer

1) To better communicate 2) Take advantage of job situations 3) Communication is essential in about everything

question

Differences between conversation and public speaking?

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1) PS is more highly structured 2) PS requires more formal language 3) PS requires a different method of delivery

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Methods of Delivery

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1 reading from a manuscript 2 reciting from memory 3 speaking impromptu 4 speaking extemporaneously

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Manuscript speech

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a speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience

question

impromptu speech

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a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation

question

extemporaneous speech

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a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes

question

The speaker's voice

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1 Value 2 pitch 3 inflections 4 monotone 5 rate 6 pause 7 vocalized pause 8 Vocal variety 9 pronunciation

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Value

answer

the loudness or softness of the speaker's voice

question

pitch

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the highness or lowness of the speaker's voice

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inflections

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changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker's voice

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monotone

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a constant pitch or tone of voice

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rate

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the speed at which a person speaks.

question

pause

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a momentary break in the vocal delivery

question

vocalization pause

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a pause that occurs when a speaker fills the silence between words with vocalizations such as "uh," "er" and "um"

question

Vocal variety

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change in a speaker's rate, pitch, and volume that give the voice variety and expressiveness

question

pronunciation

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the accepted standard of sound and rhythm for words in a given language

question

articulation

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the physical production of particular speech sounds

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Dialect

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a variety of a language distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocabulary

question

The Speaker's body

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1 posture 2 personal appearance 3 facial expression 4 gesture 5 eye contact

question

kinesics

answer

the study of body motions as a systematic mode of communication

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gesture

answer

motions of a speaker's hands or arms during speech

question

eye contact

answer

direct visual contact with the eyes of another person

question

demographic audience analysis

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audience analysis that focuses on demographic factors such as age, gender, religion, sexual orientation, group membership, and racial, ethnic, or cultural background

question

situational analysis

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audience analysis that focuses on situational factors such as the size of the audience, the physical setting for the speech, and the disposition of the audience toward the topic, the speaker, and the occasion

question

Adapting to the Audience

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1 assessing how your audience is likely to respond to what you say in your speech. 2 adjusting what you say to make it as clear, appropriate, and convincing

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Surveying the audience/ getting information

answer

1 Plan the questionnaire carefully to elicit precisely the information you need 2 Use all three types of questions- fixed-alternative, scale, and open-ended 3 make sure the questions are clear and unambiguous 4 Keep the questionnaire relatively brief

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fixed alternative questions

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questions that offer a fixed choice between two or more alternatives

question

scale questions

answer

questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale of answers

question

open-ended questions

answer

questions that allow respondents to answer however they want

question

Organizing the Speech

answer

1 Introduction 2 Body 3 Conclusion

question

Introduction

answer

the opening sector of a speech

question

Body

answer

the main section of speech

question

Conclusion

answer

the final section of speech

question

Rehearsing for your first speech

answer

1 Concentrate and gain control rather than try to memorize 2 practice 3 rehears out loud

question

Presenting your first speech

answer

1 Starting your speech 2 gesture 3 eye contact 4 Voice 5 Dealing with nerves

question

positive nervousness

answer

positive nervousness

question

How to become a better listener

answer

1) take listening seriously 2) be a active listener 3) resist distractions 4) don't focus on appearance or delivery 5) suspend judgment 6) focus your listening 7) develop note taking skills

question

The causes of poor listening

answer

1) Not concentrating 2) listening too hard 3) jumping to conclusions 4) focusing too much on delivery and appereance

question

critical thinking

answer

focused, organize thinking about such things as the logical relationships among ideas; and the differences between fact and opinion

question

speaker

answer

person presenting on oral message

question

message

answer

whatever the speaker communicates to someone else

question

Channel

answer

the means b which the message is communicated

question

listener

answer

person who receives the speaker's message

question

appreciative listening

answer

listening for pleasure

question

emphatic listening

answer

listening to provide emotional support for a speaker

question

comprehensive listening

answer

listening to understand

question

critical listening

answer

listening to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it

question

Dealing with nervousness

answer

1 Acquire Speaking experience 2 prepare 3 think positively 4 use the power of visualization 5 know nervousness is not visible 6 Don't expect perfection

question

Communication Process

answer

1 Speaker 2 message 3 Chanel 4 listener 5 frame reference 6 interference 7 situation

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