question

What are the six ways you can turn your nervousness of public speaking from a negative force into a positive force?

answer

1. Experience 2. Prepare 3. Practice 4. Visualization 5. Think positive! (Most nervousness if not visible) 6. Do not expect perfection

question

In Ms. Laidlaw's course outcomes, it is her hope that students will be able to understand that strong ________ and _________ are the foundation of a good speech and that good delivery can make the difference between a good speech and a WOW speech.

answer

ethics and organization

question

Focused, organized thinking about such things as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion is the act of

answer

critical thinking

question

Critical thinking is-to some extent-a matter of ______. It allows you to spot weakness in other people's arguments and to avoid them in your own.

answer

logic

question

Which of the following is not an element of the speech communication process? a) Speaker b) Message c) Channel d) Conclusion e) Feedback f)Situation

answer

d) Conclusion The seven elements of the speech communication process include 1)Speaker 2)Message 3)Channel 4) Listener 5)Feedback 6)Interference 7)Situation

question

The ___________ is the person who is presenting an oral message to a listener

answer

speaker

question

The ___________ is whatever a speaker communicated to someone else

answer

message

question

The speech communication process begins with a

answer

speaker

question

Your goal in public speaking is to have your __________ message be the message that is ___________ communicated. Achieving this depends on both what you say (the verbal message) and on how you say it (the nonverbal message).

answer

intended; actually

question

Besides the message you send with words, you send a message with your a) tone of voice b) gestures c) eye contact d) appearance e) all the above

answer

e) all the above

question

In the speech communication process, what does channel mean? Give one example.

answer

The channel is the means by which a message is communicated. (i.e.When you pick up the phone to call a friend, the telephone is the channel)

question

Consider a speech to Congress by the President of the United States. The speech is carried to the nation by the ________ of the radio and television. For the radio audience the message is conveyed entirely by the President's voice. For the television audience the message is conveyed by both his voice and the televised image.

answer

channels

question

In the speech communication process, who is the person that receives the communicated message?

answer

listener

question

Everything a speaker says is filtered through a listener's ______________ in which no two people can have exactly the same of. It is the sum of a person's knowledge, experience, goals, values and attitude.

answer

frame of reference

question

Feedback typically involves messages, usually nonverbal, sent from ________ to ________

answer

a listener; a speaker

question

With respect to the speech communication process, describe interference.

answer

Interference is anything that impedes the communication of a message. It can be external or internal to listeners.

question

Jane is presenting a speech to her class. Among her classmates, Jane has a toothache and is so distracted by the pain that she does not pay attention to Jane's speech. Billy is so worried about the midterm he is about to take that he also does not listen to Jane's speech. Nonetheless, Jane tries to hold her classmates' attention despite these various types of

answer

interferences

question

The time and place in which speech communication occurs is the

answer

situation

question

What is the word used to describe the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or culture?

answer

ethnocentrism

question

Transition, according to the example outline, is

answer

an internal summary and preview

question

The __________ is a single, declarative statement that states the essence of your speech content and includes the main points

answer

thesis

question

Name two similarities between public speaking and conversation (there are four in total)

answer

1. Organizing your thoughts logically 2. Tailoring your message to your audience 3. Telling a story for maximum impact 4. Adapting to listener feedback

question

Name two difference between public speaking and conversation (there are three in total)

answer

1. Public speaking is more highly structured 2. Public speaking requires more formal language 3. Public speaking requires a different method of delivery

question

Guidelines for ethical speaking include all of the following except a) Be prepared b) Be honest c) No name calling / abusive language d) Stay on topic e) Goals need to be ethically sound

answer

d) Stay on topic The guidelines for ethically speaking are as follows: 1)Be prepared 2)Be honest 3)No name calling/abusive language 4)No plagiarism 5)Goals ethically sound

question

"A speech," as Jenkin Lloyd Jones states, "is a solemn responsibility." You have an obligation-to yourself and to your listeners-to _________ fully every time you stand in front of an audience. The better you do this, the better your speech will be

answer

prepare

question

The way to avoid plagiarizing is by either quoting or ___________

answer

paraphrasing

question

List the three guidelines for ethical listening

answer

1. Be courteous and attentive 2. Avoid pre-judging 3. Keep and open mind

question

What is the difference between hearing and listening?

answer

Hearing is the vibration of sound waves on the eardrums and the firing of electrochemical impulses in the brain. Listening is paying close attention to, and making sense of, what we hear.

question

Identify the type of listening that is described. ___________ listening is for pleasure or enjoyment, as when we listen to music, a comedy routine or entertaining speech. __________ listening, on the other hand, is used to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it, as when we listen to the sale pitch of a used-car dealer or the campaign speech of a political candidate.

answer

appreciative; critical

question

All of the following are classified as a type of listening except: a) empathetic listening b) appreciative listening c) critical listening d) ethical listening

answer

d) ethical listening Listening can serve you by enhancing your skills as a critical thinker. The book has identified four kinds of listening which include appreciative listening, empathetic listening, comprehensive listening and critical listening

question

What is comprehensive listening?

answer

Comprehensive listening is listening to understand the message of a speaker, as when we attend a classroom lecture or listen to direction for finding a friend's house

question

List at least two way to become a better listener

answer

1. Take listening seriously 2. Be an active listener by giving your undivided attention to the speaker in a genuine effort to understand his point of view 3. Resist distractions 4. Don't be diverted by appearance or delivery 5. Suspend judgement 6. Focus your listening by listening for main points, evidence, technique 7. Develop note-taking skills

question

List the four main causes of poor listening.

answer

1. Not concentrating 2. Listening too hard 3. Jumping to conclusions 4. Focusing on delivery and personal appearance

question

Describe conversational quality

answer

Conversational quality means that no matter how many times a speech has been rehearsed, it still sounds spontaneous

question

Good public speakers are ____________. They know the primary purpose of speechmaking is not to browbeat the audience or to blow off steam. Rather, it is to gain a desired response from listeners.

answer

audience-centered

question

Effective speakers seek to create a bond with their listeners by emphasizing common values, goals, and experiences. Communication scholars call this process: ______________

answer

identification

question

One of the ways speakers analyze audiences is by looking at ______________ traits such as age; gender; sexual orientation; religion; group membership; racial, ethnic, or cultural background; and the like. This is called _______________________ which consists of two steps.

answer

demographic; demographic audience analysis

question

What are the two steps involved in demographic audience analysis?

answer

1. Identify the general demographic features of your audience 2. Gauge the importance of those features to a particular speaking situation

question

While demographic audience analysis can be useful, it is essential that you avoid _____________, or creating an oversimplified image of a particular group of people-usually by assuming that all members of the group are alike.

answer

stereotyping

question

You should always combine your demographic audience analysis with __________________. The importance of any given demographic factor will vary from audience to audience depending on the occasion and the speech topic. If you keep this in mind, demographic analysis can be a valuable starting point in gauging your audience's background, interests, values, and beliefs.

answer

situational audience analysis

question

Size can be part of a ______________. The larger the audience, the more formal your presentation must be. Audience size may also affect your language, choice of appeals, and use of visual aids.

answer

situational audience analysis

question

Which of the following are not part of the situational audience analysis? a) Physical setting b) The disposition of the audience towards the subject c) Size d) The disposition of the audience towards the speaker e) Future

answer

e) future

question

Attitude affects an audience's disposition toward the ___________, according to situation audience analysis.

answer

topic

question

Which of the following are not methods in which you use to get information about the audience? a) Leading questions b) Scale questions c) Fixed-alternate questions d) Open-ended questions

answer

a) Leading questions

question

Put the following in order in which the textbook organizes how to put questions together a) Use all three types of questions-fixed-alternative, scale, and open-ended b) Plan the questionnaire carefully to elicit precisely the information you need c) Make sure the questions are clear and unambiguous d) Keep the questionnaire relatively brief

answer

b-a-c-d

question

All of the following are classified under 'Doing Library Research' except a) Period tables b) Librarians c) The catalogue d) Newspapers e) Reference works

answer

a) Periodic tables

question

List three specialized research resources that a person can use when they are searching the internet for information.

answer

virtual libraries; government resources; multicultural resources

question

_________ interview is an interview conducted to gather information for a speech

answer

Research

question

Before the interview, it is important to perform all of the following except a) Define the purpose of the interview b) Decide whom to interview c) Arrange the interview d) Set up the recorder, if using one

answer

d) Set up the recorder, if using one This is done during the interview

question

Which part of the interview process does the speaker review their notes and transcribe them?

answer

After the interview

question

A __________________ is a list compiled early in the research process of works that looks as if they might contain helpful information about a speech topic.

answer

preliminary bibliography

question

Tips for doing research include: start early, make a ________________ and take notes efficiently.

answer

preliminary bibliography

question

What are four things you should do to take notes efficiently?

answer

1. Take plenty of notes 2. Record notes in a consistent format 3. Make a separate entry for each note 4. Distinguish among direct quotations, paraphrases, and you own ideas

question

The problem with _____________ is that they don't answer the three questions listeners always ask of a speaker: "What do you mean?" "Why should I believe you?" "So what?"

answer

generalizations

question

What are supporting materials? What the three major kinds of supporting materials?

answer

The materials used to support a speaker's ideas. The three major kinds of supporting materials are examples, statistics, and testimony.

question

What is the difference between a brief example and an extended example?

answer

A brief example is a specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point, where as an extended example is a store, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point

question

Hypothetical examples describe what kinds of situations?

answer

imaginary or fictitious

question

Tips for using statistics are as follows: Use statistics to quantify your ideas, use statistics sparingly, identify the sources of your statistics, explain your statistics, round off complicated statistics, and

answer

use visual aids to clarify statistical trends

question

Testimonies are _____________ (testimony that is presented word for word) or ___________ (to restate or summarize a source's ideas in one's own words) used to support a point

answer

quotations; paraphrases

question

What is the terms for the major points developed in the body of a speech? Most speeches contain from two to five of these.

answer

Main points

question

The strategic order of main points includes: chronological order, spatial order, casual order, problem-solution order and

answer

topical order

question

Speeches arranged in ____________ order are divided into two main parts. The first shows the existence and seriousness of an issue. The second presents a workable response.

answer

problem-solution

question

Speeches arranged in _______ order organize main points so as to show a cause-effect relationship. When you put your speech in this order, you have two main points-one dealing with the causes of an event, the other dealing with its effect. Depending on your topic, you can either devote your first main point to the causes and the second to the effect, or you can deal first with the effects and then with the causes.

answer

casual

question

Speeches arranged in ________ order follow a directional pattern. That is, the main points proceed from top to bottom, left to right, front to back, inside to outside, east to west, or some other route.

answer

spatial

question

Speeches arranged in ________ order are divided into subtopic, each of which becomes a main point in the speech.

answer

topical

question

Tips for preparing the main points include: keep main points separate, try to use the same pattern of wording for main points and balance the amount of __________ devoted to main points

answer

time

question

Jason presented a speech to his class. He had rehearsed the speech several times, had a well-defined central idea, main points and strong evidence to support his position. But when Jason delivered the speech, he said "all right" every time he moved from one thought to the next. After a while, his classmates started counting. What Jason's speech lacked were strong ____________-words or phrases that join one thought to another and indicate the relationship between them.

answer

connective

question

The following sentence is an example of a(n) _______________: 'Now that we have a clear understanding of the problem, let me share the solution with you.'

answer

transition A transition consists of a word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another

question

___________ let the audience know what the speaker will discuss next, but they are more detailed than transitions.

answer

Internal previews

question

The following sentence is an example of a(n) _______________: 'In discussing how Asian Americans have been stereotyped in the mass media, we'll look first at the origins of the problem and second at its continuing impact today.'

answer

internal preview

question

_____________ are the reverse of internal previews. Rather than letting listeners know what is coming up next, internal summaries remind listeners of what they have just heard.

answer

Internal summaries

question

The following sentence is an example of a(n) _______________: 'In short, palm reading is an ancient art. Developed in China more than five thousand years ago, it was practiced in classical Greece and Rome, flourished during the Middle Ages, survived the Industrial Revolution, and remain popular today in many parts of the world'

answer

internal summary

question

____________ are very brief statements that indicate exactly where you are in the speech. Frequently they are just numbers.

answer

Signposts

question

In most speech situations, the introduction has four objectives: 1. Get the attention and interest of your audience 2. Reveal the topic of your speech 3. _____________________________ 4. Preview the body of the speech

answer

3. Establish your credibility and goodwill

question

In order to get the attention and interest of the audience, some speakers may choose to question the audience by using a

answer

rhetorical question A question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud

question

Besides getting attention and revealing the topic, there is a third objective you may need to accomplish in your introduction-establishing your credibility and goodwill. Credibility is most a matter of being _________ to speak on a given topic. Establishing your goodwill is a slightly different challenge. It is the audience's perception of whether the speaker has the ______________ of the audience in mind.

answer

qualified; best interests

question

Which of the following is not a tip for preparing the introduction? a) Keep the introduction relatively brief b) Be creative in devising your introduction c) Worry about the exact wording of your introduction before finishing the body of the speech d) Work out your introduction in detail.

answer

c) Worry about the exact wording of your introduction before finishing the body of the speech 4. Don't worry about the exact wording of your introduction until you have finished preparing the body of the speech. After you have determined your main points, it will be much easier to make final decision about how to begin the speech.

question

Your closing remarks are your last chance to drive home your ideas. Moreover, your final impression will probably linger in your listeners' minds. No matter what kind of speech you are giving, the conclusion has two major functions: 1. To let the audience know you are ending the speech 2. ___________________________

answer

To reinforce the audience's understanding of, or commitment to, the central idea

question

Ways to signal the end of the speech is through a __________ ending which is a conclusion in which the speech builds to a zenith of power and intensity or a ___________ ending which is a conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement.

answer

crescendo; dissolve

question

You should always end your speech with a _____!

answer

bang

question

A good speaking outline reminds you not only of what you want to say but also of how you want to say it. As such, a speaker ought to include __________-directions in a speaking outline to help a speaker remember how she or he wants to delivery key parts of the speech.

answer

delivery cues

question

What is the difference between the denotative meaning of a word and the connotative meaning of a word?

answer

Denotative meaning of a word is the literal or dictionary meaning of a word/phrase, where as the connotative meaning of word if the meaning suggested by the associations or emotion triggered by a word/phrase

question

All of the following are ways of using language vividly except: a) Imagery b) Rhythm c) Interrogative

answer

c) Interrogative

question

Speakers can use imagery in much the same way to make their ideas come alive. What are the three ways to generate imagery?

answer

1. Concrete words (words that refer to tangible objects) 2. Simile 3. Metaphor

question

While similes are a great way to add imagery to one's speech, some similes have become stale through usage. These have come to be known as ________ which are fine in everyday conversation, but should be avoided in speechmaking. Otherwise, you are likely to be dull as a dishwasher.

answer

cliche

question

Language has a ________ created by the choice and arrangement of words. This is exemplified by the use of parallelism, repetition, alliteration and antithesis.

answer

rhythm

question

The following sentence is an example of _______________, used to enhance the rhythm of a speech: 'Peace is essential for progress, but progress is no less essential for peace.'

answer

alliteration Repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words

question

___________ communication is based on a person's use of voice and body, rather than on the use of words

answer

Nonverbal

question

What are the four method of delivery?

answer

1. Reading from a manuscript 2. Reciting from memory 3. Speaking impromptu 4. Speaking extemporaneously

question

What are the four MAIN things a speaker can do with his voice?

answer

1. Adjust volume 2. Adjust pitch 3. Adjust rate 4. Pauses

question

___________ is the highness or lowness of the speaker's voice. In speech, this can affect the meaning of words or sounds. It makes the difference between the 'Aha!' triumphantly exclaimed by Sherlock Holmes upon discovering a seemingly decisive clue and the 'Aha' he mutters when he learns the clue is not decisive after all.

answer

Pitch

question

_________ refers to the speech at which a person speaks. People in the United States usually speak between 120 and 150 words per minute.

answer

Rate

question

A flat, listless, unchanging voice is just as deadly to speechmaking as a flat, listless unchanging routine is to daily life. _________ is the changes in a speaker's rate, pitch, and volume that give the voice expressiveness.

answer

vocal variety

question

What is pronunciation?

answer

The accepted standard of sound and rhythm for words in a given language

question

All of the following affect the way listeners respond to their speaker except: a) Posture b) Facial expression c) Gestures d) Eye contact e) None of the above

answer

e) None of the above

question

A _____________ presentation is a speech that combines several kinds of visual and/pr audio aids in the same talk

answer

multimedia

question

Name the six (or seven) guidelines for preparing visual aids.

answer

1. Prepare visual aids in advance 2. Keep visual aids simple 3. Make sure visual aids are large enough 4. Use fonts that are easy to read 5. Use a limited number of fonts 6. Use color effectively (7.) Practice with your visual aids

question

Guidelines for presenting visual aids include all of the following except (there are two answers): a) Display visual aids where listeners can see them b) Use the chalkboard c) Avoid passing visual aids among the audience d) Display visual aids only while discussing them e) Talk to your audience, not to your visual aid f) Briefly show aid without explanation

answer

b) Use the chalkboard f) Briefly show aid without explanation

question

An informative speech is one designed to convey

answer

knowledge and understanding

question

What are the five guidelines for informative speaking?

answer

1. Don't overestimate what the audience knows 2. Relate the subject directly to the audience 3. Don't be too technical 4. Avoid abstractions 5. Personalize your ideas

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