Public Speaking – COMM 2410 – Flashcards
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Socrates, a Greek contemporary of Plato and Aristotle...
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suffered from speaker anxiety and had a voice that would NOT project
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The belief that you are the only person experiencing nervousness is a characteristic of trait anxiety known as:
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dissimilarity
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A speaker who worries that the audience knowns more about his topic than he does is exhibiting the characteristic of trait anxiety known as:
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subordinate status
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What is the best way to prove to yourself that most nervousness is only minimal obvious to an audience?
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video yourself giving a speech
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Careful preparation for a presentation can reduce anxiety as much as:
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75%
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When you practice your speech it is best to:
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always practice out loud
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Using visual aids helps speakers feel more confident because:
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-gives something to do with your hands -shifts attention from speaker -makes it almost impossible to forget what to say
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Instead of worrying about looks/impressions, it is better to:
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concentrate on getting your meaning across
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All are true about positive imagery EXCEPT:
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feelings (pride/confidence) will NOT occur until the situation actually exists
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A speaker's credibility depends less on logical proof and more on:
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the listener's perception of the speaker
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In this stage of listening, listeners select or ignore one o more stimuli from the multitude of stimuli that continually bombard us:
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receiving stage
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During a presentation, listener becomes are of a conservation behind her when someone says something that sounds like her name. Her shifting attention to the conversation is an example of what stage of listening?
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receiving stage
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What is NOT a basic stage of listening?
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observing
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In this listening stage, listeners supply meaning to messages they have seen, heard, and felt?
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interpreting stage
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The goal of this listening stage is to understand:
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comprehend stage
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Misunderstandings occur in which listening stage because listeners supply meaning to the messages they have sensed?
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interpret stage
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Summarizing the speaker's ideas in your own words is called:
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paraphrasing
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In this listening stage, listeners judge the speaker and the message:
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evaluating stage
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Aristotle suggested in his Rhetoric that speakers may be more effective when they relate their proposals to things that create or enhance lister:
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happiness
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When analyzing the audience, situational information refers to:
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the audience size and the audience members' expectations about the topic
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Voluntary audiences tend to be:
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people who have a particular interest in hearing you or your topic
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An involuntary audience is usually made up of:
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people who are different in a variety of ways
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If audience members show up to your speech expecting a serious, scholarly speech but you present a humorous after-dinner type talk, members will likely feel:
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dissatisfied
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You can establish credibility with the audience by:
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citing statistics and sources that your audience views as credible
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In the United States, many audiences value:
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straight talk
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Life goals or ideal states of being are:
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terminal values
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A feeling of approval or disapproval of a person, group, idea, or event is defined as:
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an attitude
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A good speech topic should interest you and your audience, and you should also:
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be valuable to your audience
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A clear simple sentence that specifies exactly what you want your audience to gain from the speech is called:
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an exact purpose
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Which of the following is the best example of a well-worded purpose statement for a 5 minute speech:
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after hearing my speech, my audience will know how to train a dog to heel
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To aid final planning and organization, a speaker will use a:
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preparation outline
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A rough-draft outline is especially helpful because:
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it saves research time by indicating which areas need research
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When preparing an outline, it is best to use _____ to represent the main points in the speech
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roman numerals
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A rough draft outline:
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should contain main points and supporting materials you think you will need
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Using information from respected resources:
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will add credibility to your presentation
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When researching a speech, beginning speakers sometimes make this mistake:
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they do too little research
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Aristotle defined graphic as:
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making the hearer see things
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Many speakers either don't use visual aids or:
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use ones that are overcrowded and difficult to read
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A speech containing many statistics or technical terms without visual aids can cause the listener to suffer from:
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information overload
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Step-by-step, analytical processing of information is done by this part of the brain:
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left
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Simultaneous processing of information and visual imagery are done by this part of the brain
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right
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Which is NOT an advantage of visual aids?
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they substitute for concrete evidence
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When no visual aids are used in a presentation, the audience usually remembers:
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10%
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Pictures and images should be placed immediately next to the words they represent in visuals because of this principle:
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contiguity
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Which of the following methods would be best in presenting complicated statistical information?
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verbally, with a graph to illustrate
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The average supervisor spends as much as ___ of the workweek in meetings:
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40%
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Persuasion is:
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about influence, not control
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Audience members from this type of culture prefer speeches that build on audience history and take a cautious, back-door approach to points:
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collectivistic cultures
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Persuasive speeches differ from informative speeches EXCEPT in:
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the introduction
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In an effective persuasive speech, the speaker:
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begins to persuade in the introduction
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Persuasive speakers are more likely than informative speakers to do all EXCEPT:
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use a relaxed and informal style of language
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The part of the argument, known as the position statement, is the:
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claim
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One purpose of backing for a warrant, according to Toulon, is that it:
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verified the date and expertise of the evidence
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The difference between organizational patterns used in informative speeches versus those in persuasive speeches, is that persuasive speeches are intended to influence audience opinions while informative organizational patterns:
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present information without biasing audience opinion
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The emotional needs of an audience are referred to as:
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pathos
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Aristotle divided speaking into categories. The one dealing with special occasion speak is:
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epidiectic
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Special occasion speeches differ from informative and persuasive speeches in all ways EXCEPT
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they present detailed instructions
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You should include something in your introduction that evokes the common _____ and feelings that brought your audience together
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values
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An effective speech of introduction should do all EXCEPT:
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answer questions about feature speaker's background and qualifications
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To avoid embarrassment during a speech of introduction a speaker should:
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verify all facts about the speaker he/she will introduce
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An ____ speech shows goodwill towards audience and presenters
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acceptance
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A type of commemorative speech that only lasts 1-2 minutes is a:
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toast
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A speech where you remember someone who has just died is a ____ speech
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eulogy
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The word eulogy comes from the Greek for "____"
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good words
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An informative speech is meant to do all of the following EXCEPT:
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influence choices/opinions
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A speaker gave a speech about the effects of 2nd hand smoke. As a result, 3 audience members chose not to smoke when with non-smoking friends. This speech is categorized:
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indirectly persuasive
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Effective speakers do all the following EXCEPT:
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distort facts on visual aids to prove a point
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When practicing for a demonstrative speech, you should add ____ on to your practice time.
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1 minute
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The focus of an informational speech is all of the following EXCEPT:
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aiding in the mastery of a skill
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Speaker gives a speech about how to take better vacation photographs. Main points are what equipment to use, how to compose a shot involving landscape, and how to include people. Visual aids include 2 types of cameras, lenses, and several enlarged photos. This speech is categorized as:
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informational
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According to text, a narration/story has 2 important qualities:
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probability and fidelity
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The first step in preparing an informative speech should be:
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analyze the audience
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When analyzing the audience, try to find out these things EXCEPT:
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friendly, neutral, uninterested, hostile