Public Speaking Chapter 16 – Flashcards

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What contemporary researchers term credibility, Aristotle termed
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ethos.
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According to your textbook, the two most important factors affecting the credibility of a persuasive speaker are
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competence and character.
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To create common ground with an audience in the introduction of a persuasive speech, your textbook recommends that you
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show the audience that you share their values.
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Efram's audience was persuaded by his speech because they perceived him to be sincere, trustworthy, and to have their best interests at heart. Which factor of credibility influenced Efram's audience?
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character
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Which of the following statements about speaker credibility is true
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The same speaker can have high credibility for one audience and low credibility for another audience.
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Which of the following is true about what can affect a speakers credibility?
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A speaker's credibility is affected above all by how the audience perceives the speaker's competence and character.
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A local landlord with a reputation for failing to return security deposits at the end of a lease has been invited to present his viewpoint at a meeting of the local tenants' union. To everyone's surprise, the landlord accepts the invitation despite the fact that he will be facing an audience with a decidedly negative view of his integrity. What factor will the landlord have to overcome if his speech is to have any chance of being persuasive?
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low initial credibility
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Developer Martin Cray had low credibility when he began his speech to a neighborhood group opposed to a new shopping center he hoped to build. During the speech, his credibility increased because his audience was impressed with his command of the facts and his willingness to work with the neighborhood on plans for the shopping center. According to your textbook, the credibility produced by everything Martin said and did during the speech is called credibility.
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derived
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The credibility of a speaker before he or she starts to speak is called credibility.
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initial
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Audience members were unsure about the credibility of Jim Gilchrist, founder of the Minuteman Project border patrol group, when he came to speak on campus. As he spoke, he built his credibility by using high-quality evidence and relating to the concerns of his audience. After the speech, students agreed they would like to have him visit campus again for a roundtable discussion. According to your textbook, the credibility that Gilchrist produced by the end of his speech is called credibility.
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terminal
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According to your textbook, the credibility of a speaker at the end of the speech is called credibility.
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terminal
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According to your textbook, the credibility of a speaker produced by everything the speaker says or does during the speech itself is called
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derived credibility.
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Which of the following is recommended in your textbook as a way to enhance your credibility in a persuasive speech?
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1. explain your expertise on the speech topic 2. deliver your speeches fluently and expressively 3. establish common ground with your audience
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Which of the following is recommended in your textbook as a way to enhance your credibility in a persuasive speech?
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establish common ground with your audience
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According to your textbook, research has shown that
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speakers can enhance their credibility by delivering their speeches fluently and expressively.
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Evidence and reasoning are the two major elements of persuasion that Aristotle called
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logos
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Using evidence is especially critical in a persuasive speech when your target audience
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opposes your point of view.
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According to your textbook, using evidence in a persuasive speech can
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1. increase the speaker's credibility. 2. inoculate listeners against counter-persuasion
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When giving a persuasive speech to an audience that opposes your point of view, it is especially important that you use to answer their objections to your views.
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evidence
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According to your textbook, it is especially important to use evidence in a persuasive speech to
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answer listeners' objections to your position.
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Studies have found that public speakers will usually be more persuasive when they
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present evidence in specific rather than general terms.
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As your textbook explains, studies have found that public speakers will usually be more persuasive when they
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1. use specific evidence 2. use evidence from credible sources. 3. use evidence that is new to the audience.
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According to your textbook, all of the following are tips for using evidence in a persuasive speech except
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balance the amount of evidence used to support each main point
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According to your textbook, as a persuasive speaker, your two major concerns with respect to reasoning are to
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make sure your reasoning is sound and convincing.
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When reasoning from specific instances in a persuasive speech, you should be especially careful
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keep from generalizing too hastily.
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What does your textbook advise regarding the ethical use of emotional appeals in a persuasive speech?
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Use emotional appeals to supplement your evidence and reasoning.
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