Public Speaking Quizzes – Flashcards
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Extemporaneous delivery means delivering a speech "off the cuff," with no advance preparation. True or false?
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False
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Ryan located 3 excellent sources for his persuasive speech. He copied long sections from each source word for word, strung them together with a few transitions, and mentioned the sources of his information in passing. What kind of plagiarism is this?
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Patchwork plagiarism
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Jerome found several excelled sources for his informative speech. He pulled key information from them, blended those ideas into his own perspective, and cited his sources when he presented. Is Jerome ethical? Why?
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Yes, he cited his sources and used them to develop his own slant on the topic.
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As your text book makes clear, speechmaking carries heavy ethical responsibilities because it is a form of what?
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Power
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Which of the following does your textbook recommend that you do when rehearsing your first speech?
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Ask family members or friends for feedback
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Which of the following is appropriate when using humor in public speech?
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Gently making fun of common human quirks
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For your first speech, your text book recommends trying to end on a clever to thought provoking note. True or false?
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True
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According to your text book, each main point of your first speech should...
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Cover a single aspect of the topic
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Which of the following is presented in your textbook as a guideline for ethical speechmaking?
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Be fully prepared for each speech
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When Sophia attended the first discussion section of her math class and heard her instructor begin speaking with an unfamiliar accent, she immediately decided, "I won't learn anything from this teacher." Sophia failed to uphold which guideline for ethical speaking?
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Avoid prejudging the speaker
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According to your textbook, global plagiarism occurs when a person does what?
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Takes a speech entirely from one source and passes it off as their own
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A carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes is called what?
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Extemporaneous
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For his informative speech, Douglas told his classmates how to get free food at a drive-through restaurant. Rather than focusing on legitimate deals, such as student discounts of coupons, Douglas talked about ways to trick employees into believing you had already paid for the food when you hadn't. His instructor gave the speech a poor grade because it violated the ethical criteria for public speaking presented in your textbook. What guideline was violated?
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Make sure your goals are ethically soundq
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Rebekah plans to explain her interest in dance beginning with her childhood and continuing through her days in high school. Which pattern of organization discussed in your textbook will she use in her speech?
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Chronological
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What kind of plagiarism occurs when the speech as a whole is ethical but the speaker fails to give credit for particular quotations and paraphrases.
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Incremental
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Kayla spoke about Sean for a speech. Each of her main points was one of Sean's hobbies. How was her speech arranged?
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Topical order
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"Now that you know about Julio's interest in photography, let's look at his passion for snowboarding" is an example of what?
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A transition
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The branch of philosophy that deals with human issues of right and wrong
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Ethics
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In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against what?
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A set of ethical guidelines or standards
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When giving an informative speech, you should take special care to do what?
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Translate technical information into everyday language
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True or false: you should use words like "you" and "your" to help get your audience involved in an informative speech
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True
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"To inform my audience about the history of Halloween observances" is a specific purpose statement for an information speech about what?
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An event
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"To inform my audience about the causes and effects of the Boxer Rebellion in China" is an example of a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about what?
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An event
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What is one of the 6 major guidelines for effective informative speaking?
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Relate the subject directly to the audience
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In an informative speech, the speaker acts as what?
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A teacher
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True or false: "To inform my audience about the theories of reincarnation" is a specific purpose for an informative speech about an object
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False
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What is a systematic series of actions that leads to a specific result or product?
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Process
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Speeches about what are more complex than other types of informative speeches?
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Concepts
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True or False: One of the major barriers to effective informative spewing is overestimating what the audience knows about the topic.
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True
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True or False: If you find a topic that is interesting to you, you can usually be sure that your audience will find it interesting too.
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False
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"To inform my audience about the steps in creating a roof top garden" is an example of a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about what?
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Process
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If your specific purpose statement were "to inform my audience about the different layers of the atmosphere," you would probably organize your speech in what order?
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Spatial
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"To inform my audience about the role of 1940s actress Hedy Lamarr in the development of cell phone technology" is a specie purpose statement for an informative speech about what?
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An object
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"To inform my audience of the steps involved in making diamond jewelry," you would probably organize your speech in what order?
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Chronological
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"To inform my audience about the major principles of Keynesian economic theory" is a specific purpose statement for a speech about what?
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A concept
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"To inform my audience about the major kinds of dog breeds," you would probably organize your speech in what order?
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Topical
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Informative speeches about processes are usually arranged in what order?
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Chronological or topical
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"To inform my audience about the Native Americans who transmitted coded messages for the U.S. during WWII" is an example of a specific purpose for what kind of informative speech?
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Object
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"To explain the 3 major benefits of cycling as a form of exercise" is a poorly phrased specific statement for a classroom speech because...
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It lacks a reference to the audience
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True or false: The difference between informing and persuading is like the difference between teaching and advocating
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True
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What is the one sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of a speech?
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Central idea
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True or False: "The 3 major expenses for people traveling abroad are transportation, food, and lodging" is an example of a well-worded central idea for a speech.
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False
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Why is "To inform my audience about the basic steps in car maintenance and how to protect their investment with auto insurance" a poorly phrased specific purpose statement for a classroom speech?
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Contains more than one distinct idea
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Why is "denying a college education to children of illegal immigrants is like cutting off your nose to spite your face" a poorly phrased central idea for a persuasive speech?
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It's expressed in figurative language
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After choosing a topic, what is the next step for speech preparation?
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Determining the general purpose
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"To inform my audience about 3 basic steps in preventative medicine" is an example of what?
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A specific purpose
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True or false: The specific purpose of a speech usually "sums up" the main points to be developed in the body of the speech
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False
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True or false: "To persuade my audience that the federal government should require seat belts on all school buses" is an example of a well worded specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech.
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True
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What expresses precisely what you hope to accomplish with your speech?
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A specific purpose
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"The 3 major factors to consider when purchasing a bicycle are the kind of riding you plan to do, the amount of riding you plan to do, and the amount of money you are willing to spend" is an example of what?
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A central idea
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"You can increase your gas mileage by reducing the weight in your car, doing regular maintenance, and reducing your driving speed" is an example of what?
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A central idea
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True or false: The specific purpose reveals more about the content of the speech than the central idea does
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False
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Why is "Improving personal relationships" is a poorly phrased specific purpose for a speech?
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It's written as a fragment rather than a full infinitive phrase
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True or false: the primary purpose of speechmaking is to demonstrate your command of the topic.
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False
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True or false: You are most likely to be successful in your classroom speeches if you think of your classmates as a real audience.
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True
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True or false: The process of audience analysis and adaption affects every aspect of speech preparation from choosing a topic to delivering the speech.
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True
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If you were giving a persuasive speech to a general audience on the subject of mandatory retirement, the most important factor to consider when analyzing your audience would probably be its what?
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Age
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If you were giving a persuasive speech to a general audience on the issue of illegal immigration, the most important factor to consider when analyzing your audience would probably be what?
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Its ethnic background
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As the size of your audience increases, your presentation should usually become more what?
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Formal
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Dimitri plans to give a speech to his classmates about the principles of physics behind the design of hybrid automobiles. The most important factor for Dimitri to consider when analyzing his audience is probably is what?
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Knowledge of the topic
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Gemma wants to persuade her classmates to become vegans. The important factor for Gemma to consider when analyzing her audience is probably its...
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Attitude toward the topic
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What will usually indicate how long a speech should be?
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Special occasion
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When making up an audience analysis questionnaire, you should use what kind of questions to get at the strength of a respondent's attitudes or feelings?
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Scale
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True or false: strategic organization means putting a speech together in a particular way to achieve a particular result with a particular audience.
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True
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True or false: speeches arranged in spatial order follow a time sequence
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False
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True or false: Topical organization is used more often than any other method of speech organization
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True
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True or false: Signposts state both the idea the speaker has finished and the one the speaker is about to begin.
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False
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True or false: A connective word is a phrase that connects the ideas of a speech and indicates the relationship between them
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True
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What is the longest and most important part of a speech?
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the body
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The most effective order of main points in a speech depends above all one your topic, purpose, and what?
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Audience
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Problem-solution order is most appropriate for organizing what kind of speeches?
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Persuasive
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Which organizational pattern would probably be more effective for arranging the main points of a speech with the specific purpose, "To inform my audience about the major geographical regions of Mexico"?
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Spatial
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"To inform my audience about the causes of domestic violence and its effects on society" would most likely be arranged in what order?
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Causal
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True or false: A rhetorical question is a question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud
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True
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True or false: Opening your speech with a length quotation is an excellent way to gain the attention of your audience.
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False
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True of false: If your topic is clear in the body of the speech, there is no need to state it in the introduction.
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False
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True or false: Credibility is the audience's perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic.
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True
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True or false: Goodwill is the audience's perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind.
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True
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When you are in a formal speaking situation the most effective way of gaining the initial attention of your audience after you walk in to the lecture is what?
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Looking directly at the audience without saying a word
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What are 4 basic objectives of speech introductions?
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Get the audience's attention and interest, preview the body of the speech, reveal the topic of the speech, and establish credibility and goodwill
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When you need to make sure an audience has all of the information necessary to understand the body speech, your preview statement in the introduction might include what?
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A definition
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Dale started his speech on financial planning with a story about his cousin Mike's bankruptcy hearing. In the conclusion, Dale gave an update on Mike's current financial condition. Referring to the introduction in the conclusion is a way to do what?
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Give the speech psychological unity
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What is something you would most likely find in a speech conclusion?
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Restatement of the central idea
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True or false: Using your knowledge and experience in a speech can help bring the speech to life.
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True
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What are reference works whose primary purpose is to help you find information about people?
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Biographical aids
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True or false: Newspaper and periodical databases help you locate magazine, journal, and newspaper articles.
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True
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True or false: You can find a great deal of information on the internet, but you cannot always find the same depth of research materials as in a good library.
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True
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True or false: An interview is an effective way to gather speech materials because it frees you of the need to do any other research.
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False
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Encyclopedias, yearbooks, biographical ads, and quotation books are all examples of what?
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Reference works
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A what is a research aid that catalogues articles from a large number of scholars journals?
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Academic databases
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What is the summary of a magazine or research article, written by someone other than the original author, called?
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Abstract
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The search engine that makes it easy to find high-quality Web resources by combining Internet technology with traditional library methods of cataloguing and assessing data is known as what?
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Virtual library
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The best source of information about federal, state, local, and tribal governments in the US is what?
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USA.gov
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True or false: People spend more time listening than in any other communication activity.
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True
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True or false: Listening to provide emotional support for someone is called empathetic listening.
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True
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True of false: One of the major barriers to effective communication is that the brain can process words much faster than a speaker can talk
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True
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True or false: Reviewing mentally what a speaker has said is a good way to avoid becoming distracted in a speech
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True
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True or false: Research indicates that even when we listen carefully, we understand and retain only about half of what we hear.
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True
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When business managers are asked to list the communication skills most crucial to their job, what do they usually list as number one?
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Listening
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Julia is listening to her meteorology professor explain how to interpret images from Doppler radar. Because Julia's goal is to understand the information being presented, she is engaged in what kind of listening?
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Comprehensive
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Giving excessive attention to detail of a speech is an example of what?
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Listening too hard
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Ted is listening to the introduction of Janine's speech when he thinks to himself, "Man, this is really going to be boring." Which aspect of poor listening is Ted exhibiting?
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Jumping ot conclusions
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True or false: When preparing for a question and answer session, you should anticipate possible questions, write out your answers in full, and practice your delivery.
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True
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True or false: During a question and answer session, you should direct your answers solely to the person asking the question, rather than to the whole audience.
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False
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True or false: One of the advantages of speaking from a manuscript is that it frees a speaker from the need to establish eye contact with the audience.
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False
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Communication based on a speaker's body and voice, rather than on the use of words, is called what?
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Nonverbal communication
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What kind of speaker delivers a speech with little or no immediate preparation?
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Impromptu
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A speech that sounds spontaneous to the audience no matter how many times is has been rehearse has what kind of strong quality?
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Conversational
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The relative highness or lowness of sounds produced by the human voice is called what?
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Pitch
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A public speaker who frequently says "uh," "er," or "um" is failing to make effective use of what?
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Pauses
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True or false: Saying "dunno" instead of "don't know" is an error in articulation.
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True
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True or false: Research shows that personal appearance affects the audience's perception of the speaker.
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True
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True or false: Persuasion is the process of creating, reinforcing, or changing people's beliefs or actions.
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True
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True or false: Because everyone knows that a persuasive speaker's goal is to influence the audience's beliefs or actions, questions of ethics are less important in persuasive speaking than in other kinds of speaking.
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False
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True or false: Persuasion takes place only if the audience is strongly in favor of the speaker's position by the end of the speech
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False
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True or false: Persuasion is a psychological process in which listeners engage in a mental dialogue with the speaker?
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True
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True or false: While speaking to persuade, you should try to anticipate places where the audience might object and then answer the objection in your speech?
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True
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True or false: The target audience is that portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade?
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True
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True or false: Questions of fact are easy subjects for persuasive speeches because they almost always have clear-cut answers.
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False
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True or false: "To persuade my audience that genetically altered crops pose hazards to human health" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of fact
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True
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True or false: "To persuade my audience that college athletic coaches should automatically lose their jobs whenever they are found guilty of recruiting violations" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of value
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False
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True or false: When you give a persuasive speech on a question of policy, you can seek either passive agreement or immediate action from your audience.
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True
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If you want to persuade a skeptical audience, what should you do?
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Answer the reasons for the audience's skepticism
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Luna wanted to convince the technology department at her company to adopt a new database system. Some staff members supported the change, a few were opposed, and most were undecided. Luna realize that the undecided group was her what?
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Target audience
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What are the three types of questions that give rise to persuasive speeches?
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Fact, value, and policy
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"To persuade my audience that the use of cell phones by car drivers is contributing to the growth in automobile accidents" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of what?
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Fact
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Persuasive speeches on questions of what judge whether something is good or bad, right or wrong, fair or unfair?
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Value
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"To persuade my audience that they should adopt a program of regular exercise" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of what?
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Policy
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What is the obligation of a persuasive speaker to prove that a change from current policy is necessary?
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Burden or proff
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Regardless of whether your aim is to encourage passive agreement or immediate action, you must deal with what 3 basic issues whenever you discuss a question of policy?
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Need, plan, and practicality
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True or false: what many teachers refer to as a source credibility was called ethos by Aristotle.
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True
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True or false: the more favorably listeners view a speaker's competence and character, the more likely they are to accept what the speaker says.
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True
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True or false: The credibility of a speaker before she or he starts to speak is called derived credibility.
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False
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True or false: A speaker can have high credibility for one audience and low credibility for another.
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True
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True or false: Establishing common ground with an audience is especially important in the introduction of a persuasive speech.
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True
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True or false: Research indicates that evidence is usually more persuasive when it is stated in general rather than specific terms.
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False
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True or false: Research shows that skeptical listeners are more likely to be persuaded by evidence they are already familiar with than by evidence that is new to them.
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False
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True or false: It is redundant for a persuasive speaker to give their evidence and then to state the point the evidence is meant to prove
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False
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True or false: Reasoning from specific instances involves progressing from a number of particular facts to general conclusion.
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True
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True or false: The following statement is an example of reasoning from analogy: "If you can make great tacos, you can make great enchiladas."
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True
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What are the two most important factors affecting the credibility of a persuasive speaker?
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Competence and character
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What is the kind of credibility is produced by everything the speaker says or does during the speech itself?
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Derived credibility
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Evidence and reasoning are two major elements of persuasion that Aristotle called what?
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logos
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When giving a persuasive speech to an audience that opposes your point of view, it is especially important that you use what to answer their objections to your view?
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Evidence
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When reasoning from specific instances in a persuasive speech, you should be careful to do what?
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Use specific instances that are typical
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When reasoning from principle in a persuasive speech, it is important that you do what?
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Assess whether you need to support your general principle with evidence
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When reasoning analogically, you infer that what?
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What is true in one case will also be true in a similar case
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What is a fallacy?
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An error in reasoning
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Post hoc, ergo propter hoc, meaning "after this, therefore because of this," is a fallacy associated with what kind of reasoning?
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Causal
