Chapter 13 Exam – Flashcards

What distinguished the empires of Western Europe from other empires? a. they spread diseases to conquered people b. they were initiated by maritime expansion c. they were created by merchants d. they were accompanied by religious conversion of conquered peoples

What region experienced the least racial mixing and was the least willing to recognize the offspring of interracial unions? a. Brazil b. British North America c. The Caribbean d. Mexico

What was the reason that Portugal, Spain, France, and Britain were the first to expand into the New World? a. these lands had a long tradition of distant exploration b. these lands were on the Atlantic coast and were closer to the Americas c. these lands believed in ancient legends of a lost world across the ocean d. these lands lacked iron, which drove them to search for deposits

Why did some Native Americans aid the Spanish in their initial invasion of the New World? a. to acquire gold and jewels b. to learn about European culture c. to appease the gods d. to gain an advantage against their own enemies

The colonial economy of the Spanish Empire in former Aztec and Inca lands was... a. dependent on the import of African slaves for labor b. based on commercial agriculture and mining c. supported by piracy and smuggling d. administered by Spanish missionaries

How did many Native Americans in Meso-America and Peru respond to Spanish missionaries' efforts to convert them to Catholicism? a. they rejected Catholicism completely b. they blended their old customs into Catholic practice c. they only pretended to be Catholic when Europeans were around d. they abandoned their old religions and embraced Catholicism entirely

What motivated Europeans to venture across the Atlantic ocean? a. their monopoly of oceanic trade in the Indian Ocean b. rivalries between competing European states c. an interest in foreign cultures and languages d. the spread of the Black Death

In contrast to the Portuguese and Spanish colonists in Latin America, British colonists in North America... a. married indigenous women more frequently and were less racist b. sought to escape rather than re-create European traditions in the Americas c. were almost exclusively male and Catholic d. faced many class restrictions

What contributed to hight literacy rates in the British colonies in North America than in the Spanish and Portuguese colonies in Latin America? a. protestantism, which was practiced by most British colonists, encouraged reading the Bible for oneself b. the British government invested massive funds into building libraries throughout North America c. Spanish and Portuguese colonizers though Native Americans could not be taught to read d. the Spanish and Portuguese governments discouraged literacy among the colonial population to reduce the chance of rebellions

What describes a feature of Qing China's policy toward its possessions in central Asia? a. a massive migration of Chinese settlers into the area b. a concerted effort to assimilate the local populations into Chinese society c. respect for the different cultures of the region d. the imposition of a special tax on Muslims

The Mughal ruler Akbar favor policies that promoted... a. a cosmopolitan and hybrid Indian-Persian-Turki culture b. the forced conversion of Hindus to Islam c. a distinctly Islamic identity d. the removal of non-Muslims from high office

What was a result of the Ottoman Empire's polity toward the Christian population in southeast Europe? a. the majority of the population had converted to Islam by the early sixteenth century b. Christians remained a permanent underclass in Ottoman society c. Christian communities enjoyed considerables autonomy over their own affairs d. Christians who refused to convert migrated to the Americas

What was an outcome of the establishment of European empires in the Americas? a. a shift in the global balance of power in favor of Russia b. the emergence of an Atlantic world connecting four continents c. the spread of smallpox from the Americas to Eurasia d. a sharp decline in population in Europe and Asia

What contributed to the great dying in the Americas? a. a volcanic eruption and an earthquake that caused massive flooding b. a prolonged drought which made farming impossible c. the frequent warfare between the Aztec and Inca Empires d. Native Americans' lack of immunity to European and African diseases

What is an example of the columbian exchange? a. the emergence of Western Europeans on the world stage b. the introduction of corn and potatoes into the Afro-Eurasian diet c. the rivalry between Catholic Spain and Protestant England d. the interaction between the Meso-american and Andean civilizations

What policies refers mercantilist thinking? a. discouraging exports b. encouraging free trade c. using slave labor d. accumulating precious metals

What is an example of a labor grant of Native Americans to Spanish setters during the colonial period? a. the Black Legend b. the Columbian Exchange c. the encomienda d. devshirme

What was a reason Russia expanded beginning in the 16th century? a. to control the Silk Roads b. to secure its borders from attack c. to gain access to gunpowder weapons d. to monopolize the spice trade

What describes what happened to the native populations of the Steppes and Siberia as a consequence of Russian imperial expansion? a. enslavement b. genocide c. resettlement d. assimilation

What policies contributed to the growth of Hindu opposition to Mughal rule by the lat 17th century? a. promotion of the practice of sati b. creation of a state cult emphasizing loyalty to the emperor c. reinstatement of the jizya d. construction of the House of Worship

What offered Christian men a means of upward mobility within the Ottoman Empire? a. encomienda b. devshirme c. repartimiento d. yasak

In the conflict between the Islamic and Christian worlds, which event in the 15th century signaled that the Islamic world held the upper hand? a. Treaty of Nerchinsk b. Treaty of Tordesillas c. the Reconquista d. the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople

What resulted from Russia's westward expansion in the 17th and 18th centuries? a. a program of westernization in Russia b. Russia's monopoly of the fur trade c. border wars with China d. the conversion of the Russian royal family to Islam

In the "self portrait" by the Chinese emperor Kangxi, he... a. revealed himself as a cruel and autocratic leader b. used executions as an example to persuade people into morality c. explained his economic motive for territorial expansion d. refused to use execution as a form of punishment in the empire

The Russian Tsar Peter the Great... a. was the first tsar of Russia b. sought to strengthen Russia by imitating European states c. led and won a campaign against the Qing Empire d. brutally repressed all Muslims in the empire