Ap european history chapter 14 test review – Flashcards
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The primary motive for European exploration during the Renaissance was
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economic, the desire for precious metals and new areas for trade
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The Italian merchant whose tales of the court of Kublai Khan popularized China in Europe was
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Marco Polo
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Prince Henry the Navigator established the first school for mariners at his court in
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Portugal
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The religious crusading motive for exploration was strongest in
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Spain and Portugal
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Portugal became the early leader in European expansion largely through
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defeating Muslim opposition in establishing trade opportunities with India
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The sea captain who first made a sea voyage directly from Europe to India was
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Vasco da Gama
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Spanish expansion and exploration of the New World was best exemplified by
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the conquest of the Aztec Empire by Cortés
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In the 1440's, among the first profits the Portuguese derived from their maritime exploration and returning ships came from the sale of
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African slaves
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John Cabot, a Venetian, sailed for
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England
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The development of a Portuguese maritime empire encompassing Malacca and the Malay Peninsula was achieved, in part, through
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ruthless and murderous attacks on Arab settlers in the region
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The first known circumnavigation of the earth is associated with
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Ferdinand Magellan
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The Treaty of Tordesillas divided
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the New World between Spain and Portugal
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The major European disease that resulted in high rates of mortality among the natives of the New World was
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smallpox
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Encomienda were
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a Spanish system devised to collect tribute from natives and to use their labor
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The Aztec empire, which Cortez conquered in 1519, was located
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in central Mexico
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The conquistador who conquered and looted the Inca Empire in 1531 was
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Pizarro
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The European nation that established a settlement at Africa's Cape of Good Hope was
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the Dutch Republic
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Native Americans were not widely used as slaves on sugar plantations because
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their populations were too small due to European diseases
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Between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries, the number of African slaves shipped to the New World is estimated at
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ten million
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The African slave trade
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increased the number of wars in Africa because of the increasing demand for prisoners who could be sold as slaves
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The European nation that took over the spice trade from Portugal was
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the Dutch Republic
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The map above shows a system of trade known as the
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Triangular Trade
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The major western rival to the British in India in the seventeenth century was
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France
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The British East India Company official who fought off the French threat in India was
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Sir Robert Clive
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The local British population in India's Fort William was imprisoned in the
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"black hole of Calcutta"
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The Chinese dynasty which replaced the Ming in the seventeenth century and which came from Manchuria was the
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Qing
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In Japan, Tokugawa Ieyasu
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expelled all missionaries
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The above illustration highlights the production of which valuable New World crop
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cane sugar
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The first permanent English settlement in North America was
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Jamestown
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A Mercator projection
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shows the true shapes of landmasses in a limited area on a map
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One of the major economic problems of the sixteenth century in Europe was
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inflation
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Which of the following statements best applies to the economy of sixteenth- and seventeenth century Europe
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The joint stock company enabled the raising of spectacular sums of capital for world trading ventures
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Which of the following was given a monopoly of silver, copper, and mercury mines in the Habsburg possessions of central Europe that produced profits in excess of 50% per year
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Jacob Fugger
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The inflation of the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries
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caused a decline in the standard of living for wage earners and those on fixed incomes
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Which of the following was not a result of European expansion and exploration
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the introduction of smallpox into Europe
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By the end of the seventeenth century
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local, regional, and intra-European trade was considerably greater than international trade
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Before the nineteenth century, which nation(s) or continent was least affected by European power and influence
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China and Japan
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An extensive multiracial society appeared first in
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Latin America
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What was not part of the Columbian exchange
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Potatoes from Europe and olive trees from the New World
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The most famous map projection in history is
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that of Gerardus Mercator
