world history Chapter 23 – section 4 & 5 – Flashcards
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Josephine
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The first love and wife of Napoleon, she exerted great influence and style in France. Napoleon divorced her when she could not produce his children.
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Marie Louise
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Niece of Marie Antoinette and 2nd wife of Napoleon
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blockade
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the shutting of a port to keep people or supplies from moving in or out - Napoleon did this to prevent trade of England/Britain with other countries
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Continental System
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Napoleon's efforts to block foreign trade with England by forbidding Importation of British goods Into Europe.
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guerrilla
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spanish peasant fighter, supported by British to rebel against French king put in Spain by Napoleon
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Peninsular War
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a conflict, lasting from 1808 to 1813, in which Spanish Rebels, with the aid of British forces, fought to drive Napoleons French troops out of Spain.
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The Invasion of Russia
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Napoleon tried to invade but Russians dont fight and retreat, leaving the Grand Army with no food -only 40,000 survived
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scorched-earth policy
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Destroying crops and livestock so that one's enemy has nothing to use for food as they invade. Used by the Russians when Napoleon invaded in 1812.
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September 7, 1812
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two armes, French and Russian, clash at the battle of Borodino.
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October, 1813
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the month Napoleon faces European allies outside of Leipzig
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Napoleon surrenders
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april 1814
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March 1, 1815
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Napoleon escaped from Elba and was received joyously.
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Waterloo
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the battle on 18 June 1815 in which Napoleon met his final defeat, Located in Belgium, the place where the british army and the prussian army forces attacked the french. Napoleon's final defeat against the British and Prussians
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Hundred Days
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The brief period during 1815 when Napoleon made his last bid for power, deposing the French King and again becoming Emperor of France
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Congress of Vienna
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Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon I. (p. 594)
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Klemens von Metternich
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the Austrian foreign minister who was the leader of the Congress of Vienna; claimed that he was guided by the principal of legitimacy
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balance of power
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the distribution of power among nations so that no single nation can dominate or interfere with another
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legitimacy
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Principle by which monarchies that had been unseated by the French Revolution or Napoleon were restored
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Holy Alliance
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Coalition of Russia, Austria and Prussia created in 1815 at the request of Alexander I of Russia, signed in Vienna on September 26, 1815. Was to instill the Christian values of charity and peace in European political life. Monarchs used this to prevent revolutionary influence (French Revolution) from entering these nations. It was against democracy, revolution, and secularism.
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Concert of Europe
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a series of alliances among European nations in the 19th century, devised by Prince Klemens von Metternich to prevent the outbreak of revolutions
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peninulares
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the highest calls, officials went from spain to rule the colonies.
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What were the three points of Metternich's plan for Europe?
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1) The Containment of France 2) Balance of Power 3) Legitimacy
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What was the long term legacy of the Congress of Vienna?
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1) Diminised the power of France 2) Increased the power of Britain and Portugal 3) Nationalism began to spread
