question

The moral and intellectual principle that one should withhold judgement about seemingly strange or exotic beliefs and practices is

answer

cultural relativism

question

The thinker who developed the evolutionary theory or natural selection in the 19th century

answer

Charles Darwin

question

Increasing, professional anthropologists are

answer

all of the above

question

The 19th century British anthropologist who is credited with the development of the concept of culture through an evolutionary perspective where the most evolved societies resembled the British societies in which he lived was

answer

E.B. Tylor

question

The primary ethical responsibility of anthropologists is to

answer

the people or species they study

question

Diversity defined anthropologically

answer

focuses on multiplicity and variety

question

A key element of the scientific method, which both explains things and guide research, is

answer

theories

question

The comparative method

answer

all of the above

question

Even though anthropologists use parts of the scientific method, some dont see what they do as science because

answer

the complexity of social behavior prevents any completely objective analysis of human culture

question

There is rarely any guessing involved in the development of theories because they are tested repeatedly T/F

answer

True

question

What prompted intellectuals to start systematically explaining the differences among people?

answer

the Industrial Revolution

question

Western colonial powers understood the different customs and cultures of the people they colonized as

answer

proof of their primitive nature

question

Which of the following is the most significant aspect of the salvage paradigm?

answer

anthropologists need to collect information from societies before they die out

question

During fieldwork cultural anthropologists

answer

all of the above

question

Linguistic anthropologists traditionally sttudy

answer

all of the above

question

A realistic perspective on the meanings of Coca-cola in Tzotzil Maya communitites in Chiapas, Mexico, would emphasize

answer

that they, the Tzotzil, are dominated by globalization

question

An ethical approach to anthropological research would emphasize

answer

all of the above

question

Contemporary cultural anthropologists still rank societies along an evolutionary scale from "primitive" to "advanced" T/F

answer

False

question

The main idea behind the holistic perspective is to study culture

answer

through systematic connections of different parts

question

Because our values and beliefs are reflected in many elements of life such as clothes, food, and language means that culture is

answer

intergrated

question

The most enduring and ritualized aspects of culture are refered to as

answer

traditions

question

The application of a holistic perspective to understand changes in everyday practices, such as eating breakfast cereals, reveals

answer

the processes of cultural appropriation

question

A cross-cultural perspective on eating insect larvae would reveal

answer

all of the above

question

The defining feature of historical particularism is

answer

individual societies develop particular cultural traits and undergo a unique process of change

question

A symbol

answer

all of the above

question

The controversy between Native Americans and NCAA schools using mascots illustrates

answer

the power of tradition

question

Who is responsible for the theory of social evolution

answer

E.B. Tylor

question

The theory of culture that proposes that cultural practices, beliefs, and institutions fulfill the psychological and physical needs of society is call

answer

functionalism

question

The idea that embraces dynamic cultural processes and the idea that the observer of cultural processes can never see culture completely objectively represent

answer

post-structuralism

question

Cultural determinism is unproductive for cultural analysis because

answer

all of the above

question

The process of learning culture from a very young age is called

answer

encultration

question

How would a critical relativist explain Native American criticisms of cultural appropriation?

answer

while it is importance to understand Native American claims from their point of view, it doesnt mean we should accept them as the only way to view the issue

question

The American anthropologist repsonsible for the concept of historical particularism was named

answer

Franz Boaz

question

A social consequence of introducing coffee into the highlands of Papua New Guinea was that

answer

all of the above

question

If you wanted to understand the norms of a society, you would be most likely to focus on

answer

everyday interaction

question

Norms tend to be stable because

answer

people learn them when they are young

question

The theorist most connected with post-structuralism is

answer

Renato Rosaldo

question

The idea that Ongee ancestors make tidal waves and earthquakes would be understood by an interpretive anthropologist as

answer

a way of explaining how the world works

question

Culture is

answer

learned and shared

question

Ethnocentrism

answer

all of the above

question

Examples of social institutions are

answer

all of the above

question

The structuralist approach to culture theorizes what?

answer

people make sense of the world through binary oppositions ie. raw/cooked

question

Anthropologist overcome ethnocentrism by

answer

seeing matters from the point of view of another culture

question

When Kay Warren presented her anthropological research, a group of Maya intellectuals, activist, and political leaders

answer

challenged her right to study the Maya culture as a foreign anthropologist

question

Anthropologist believe that our behavior is influenced by

answer

both

question

A paradigm that emphasizes humans that are made up of complex biological, cultural, and psychological processes is

answer

biocultural

question

The human mind is

answer

all of the above

question

Ethnopsychology is largely concerned with

answer

understanding how other societies make sense of selves, persons, and emotions

question

Anthropologist Kim Hopper believes

answer

industrialized nations produce "surplus people"

question

Slight, unpredictable variation in the genetic code that occurs during reproduction is called

answer

mutation

question

The movement of genes through interbreeding or intermarriage among humans from different population is

answer

gene flow

question

This anthropologist rejected the idea that there are groups of people belonging to stable and unchanging races

answer

Franz Boas

question

Nature and nurture are not opposed but intertwined T/F

answer

True

question

Gene flow and gene drift work on human populations in opposite ways T/F

answer

True

question

Neural plasticity is illustrated by

answer

all of the above

question

An illustration of the bioculture of humans is

answer

mental stress from losing a job causing insomnia

question

The affects and feelings we experience as humans

answer

may not have an exact equivalent in another culture

question

Cultural models help us make sense of the world because

answer

they provide a pattern for one's own behavior and interpreting others' actions

question

The limitation of culture and personality studies was that they assumed

answer

all of the above

question

Intelligence is

answer

not marked by a single fixed gene

question

The enhanced cognition of early modern humans allowed for

answer

all of the above

question

According to Mauss and Durkheim, a key feature of the concept of personhood in many other culture is

answer

defined socially

question

A cross-cultural perspective on manic depression would

answer

all of the above

question

If an anthropologist who studies cultural models were to analyze the Ilongot concept of liget, she or he might emphasize

answer

all of the above

question

Which of the following would most interest an anthropologist who studies geneticization

answer

the search for breast cancer gene

question

A biological perspective on the evolution of our species would emphasize that

answer

all of the above

question

Animal call systems

answer

can only communicate in response to real-world stimuli

question

Koko, thegorilla, ans Washo, the chimp, were two ape primates who had learn

answer

American sign language

question

_______ refers to the structure of speech sounds

answer

phonology

question

How words fit together to make meaningful units is called

answer

morphology

question

The study of grammatical categories, such as tense and word order, is called

answer

morphology

question

When anthropologists study the way people use language in real settings rather than as a set of grammatical rules, they are focusing on

answer

parole

question

A stoplight is a visual example of a

answer

sign

question

Anthropologist Sherry Ortner distinguished three kinds of culturally powerful symbols that include all of the following except

answer

narrative symbol

question

The study of how people classify things in the world is called

answer

ethnoscience

question

A language of mixed origin that developed from a complex blending of two parent languages is called

answer

creole

question

The set of sounds and movements that animals make to communicate is called a call system T/F

answer

True

question

Most people are unaware of the structure of a language until someone speaking it makes a mistake T/F

answer

True

question

Languages change very slowly, taking generations or even centuries T/F

answer

False

question

American's pattern of gender inequality is built into our linguistic practices T/F

answer

True

question

In evolutionary terms humans are distinct from other primates with respect to their ability to use language because

answer

we can speak using our larynx

question

For pastoral groups such as the Dinka and the Nuer, the cow acts as which of the following symbol?

answer

elaborating symbol

question

Edward Spair, who had been

answer

all of the above

question

Linguistics refer to mixed languages with a simplified grammar that people rarely learn as a mother tongue as

answer

pidgin language

question

The US government's prohibition of Native American children speaking their indigenous languages in Indian schools has contributed most profoundly to

answer

language death

question

Although language is one of the most rule-bound aspect of human culture, it is also one of the least conscious T/F

answer

True

question

Because of the widespread use of mass media today, sociologist have found increasing homogeneity in the use of language in the US T/F

answer

False

question

If you were a linguistic anthropologist interested in language change in smaller American cities, building on William Labov's studies, what method would you use?

answer

record how younger people, middle aged, and senior citizens pronounces ordinary american words

question

The canadian government helps preserve the use of french

answer

all of the above

question

If you studied speech patterns such as those analyzed in Robin Lakoffs study of genderized speech, you might find that talking like a lady

answer

marginalize women voice in work context

question

If you were conducting a symbolic analysis of TV programs and wanted to identify a key scenario such as the Horatio Alger myth, which of the following would you focus on?

answer

plots that are repeated in many of the programs that American viewers interpret as commonplace social experiment

Cultural Anthropology Test Questions – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards