Modern Biology 1 – Flashcards
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In order to fit within a cell, DNA becomes more compact by
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breaking apart into separate genes
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Chromatids are
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duplicate halves of a chromosome
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A protein disk that attaches two chromatids to each other in a chromosome is called
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centromere
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The chromosomes in your body: A exist in 23 pairs B- include two sex chromosomes C- include 44 autosomes D- all of the above
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all of the above
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A student can study a karyotype to learn about the number of chromosomes present in a body cell
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number of chromosomes present in a body cell
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The diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46. How many chromosomes are in a human egg cell
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92
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How many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has haploid number of 8
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16
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The chromosomes of a prokaryote
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has a circular shape
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In a bacterium, cell division takes place when
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the DNA is copied, a new cell membrane forms between the DNA copies, and the cell splits into two cells
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The stage of the cell cycle that occupies most of the cell's life is
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interphase
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What is the correct sequence of the cell cycle
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G1 -S-G2-M-C
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The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of the cell is called
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metaphase
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A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cytokinesis, how many chromosomes are in the complete set of the two new cells formed from the original cell
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has a complete set of 46 chromosomes
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As a result of mitosis, each of the two new cells produced from the original cell during cytokinesis
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receives an exact copy of all the chromosomes present in the original cell
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In plant cells, cytokinesis occurs when
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a new cell wall forms
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Mitosis is a process by which
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a cell's nucleus divides
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Chromosomes that are not involved in sex determination are called
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autosomes
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A picture of a cell's chromosomes is called
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Karyotype
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What is the process by which bacteria split asexually into two identical organisms
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Binary fisson
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The sequence of events that occurs in a cell from one mitotic division to the next is called
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cell cycle
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Collectively, the time spent in G1 + S + G2 is called
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interphase
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During cell division plant cells form a new ________ in the center of the cell
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cell wall
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Control of the cell cycle occurs at three main
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check points
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Cancer occurs as a result of disorder in cell
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division
