Dermatology Dictionary (Forefront) – Flashcards
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Macule/Macular
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a flat lesion less than 1cm in size
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Papule/Papular
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a raised lesion less than 1 cm in size
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Patch
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a flat lesion greater than 1 cm in size
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Plaque
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raised lesions greater than 1 cm in size (big papule)
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Nodule
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a deeper growth within the skin, like a cyst
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Tumor
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a large growth, often protruding from the skin
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Erosion
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a superficial breakdown of the skin surface, a scrape
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Ulcer/Ulceration
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a deeper breakdown of the skin surface
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Pustule/Pustular
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a "pus bump" as seen in acne
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Vesicle/Vesicular
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a blister greater than 1 cm (a big vesicle) Bulla means one blister, bullae means multiple.
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Bulla/Bullae
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a blister less than 1 cm tense or flaccid
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Comedone/comedonal
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a small acne bump due to a plugged pore
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blackhead
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open comedone
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whitehead
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closed comedone
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hyperkeratosis/hyperkeratotic
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thickening of the top layer of skin
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scale
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flaky skin
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fine scales suggest
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eczema
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greasy scales suggest
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seborrheic dermatits
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Crust
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dried crud overlying a wound like caked-on/dried blood
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Atrophy/atrophic
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thinning or depression of the skin
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Induration/indurated
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firm, thickening of the skin
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Sclerosis/sclerotic
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firm, thickening of skin
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lichenified/lichinification
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thickening of skin with exaggeration of normal skin lines. Due to chronic rubbing or scratching, usually from long-term eczema
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umbilicated
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central depression, often in a papule, molluscum
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peduculated
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refers to a lesion with a narrow stalk, like a skin tag
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poikiloderma/poikilodermatous
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the constellation of hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation,telangiectasia, and atrophy. Seen in areas of chronic sun damage
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xerosis/xerotic
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dry skin
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excoriation/excoriated
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a self-induced wound from scratching, type of erosion.
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verrucous
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wart-like
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verruca/verrucae
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wart/multiple warts
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hyperpigmentation
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darker than surrounding skin
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postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
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hyperpigmentation caused by a previous inflammatory insult
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hypopigmented
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lighter than surrounding skin, but still with some color
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depigmented
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complete absence of color
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macerated/maceration
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white overly-hydrated area of skin
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targetoid
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shaped like a bull's eye
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well-demarcated
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lesions with a well-defined border
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poorly-demarcated
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lesions with unclear borders, difficult to define where lesion ends and normal skin begins
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dermatoglyphics
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normal lines of the skin interrupted by warts
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telangiectasia/telangiectatic
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thin, dilated blood vessel
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erythematous/erythema
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red
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violaceous
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purple
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purpura/purpuric
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bruise-like coloration
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ecchymosis/ecchymotic
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a bruise
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petechiae/petechial
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multiple areas of pinpoint hemorrhage
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salmon-colored
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orangeish, often used to describe a type of psoriasis
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urticaria/urticarial
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hives or hive-like
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agminated
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grouped lesions
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coalesce/coalescing
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smaller lesions growing together to form larger ones
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confluent
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areas of solid lesion growth
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linear
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lesions forming a line
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follicular
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lesions of the hair follicle
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perifollicular
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lesions around or near the hair follicle
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periorbital
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around the eyes
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perioral
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around the mouth
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annular
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circular lesions with a central clearing like ringworm
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nummular
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circular lesions with no central clearing, coin-like
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serpiginous
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lesions with curved, s-like distribution
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intertriginous
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body folds like underarms and groin
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flexural
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inner surfaces like inside elbows or behind knees
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extensor
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outer surfaces like back of forearm
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dermatomal
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area of skin supplied by spinal nerve/usually used to describe lesions of shingles wrapping around the trunk in a band
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photodistributed
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lesions appearing on the skin normally exposed to the sun.
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acral
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on hands or feet
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koebnerized/koebnerization
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lesions arising from sites of trauma, seen in psoriasis
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unilateral
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on one side of the body
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bilateral
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on both sides of the body
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proximal
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more toward the core of the body
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distal
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more toward the extremities
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vertex
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back portion of the top of the scalp, where men get their bald spots
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crown
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very top of the scalp
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occipital
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back of the scalp
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parietal
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upper sides of the scalp
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temporal
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lower sides of the scalp
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frontal
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front part of the scalp
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glabella
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area between eyebrows and above the nose
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canthus
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described as medial or lateral corners of the eyes
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zygoma/zygomatic
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cheek bone
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mandible/mandibular
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jawbone
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buccal cheek
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the meaty part of the cheek, apple
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nose root
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top part of the nose under the glabella
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dorsum
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the front surface of the nose, below the root and above the tip
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sidewall
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sides of the nose
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ala
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the lower sides of the nose that move outward when you flare your nostrils
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alar rim
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the bottom edge of the ala, surrounds the opening of the nostril
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nose tip
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below the dorsum, area that sticks out the most
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nare
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nostril
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columella
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column of skin between the nares
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helix/helical
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the outermost rim of the ear
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antihelix
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runs parallel to the inside of the helix
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crus
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used to describe a specific part of the helix or antihelix
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scapha
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flat surface on the upper part of the ear
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lobule
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earlobe
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tragus
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cartilaginous flap that sits in front of and partially covers the ear canal
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conchal bowl
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the deeper, bowl-like area around the ear canal
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oral commissure
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corners of the mouth
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mucosa/mucosal
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includes inside of mouth and lips, areas that are usually moist
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vermilion border
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junction between mucosa and skin
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nail plate
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the nail itself
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proximal nail fold
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where the skin stops and the nail begins, where the cuticle grows out from
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lateral nail fold
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the skin on the sides of the nail
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hyponychium
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the skin just beyond and below the end of the nail
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onychomycosis
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nail fungus
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onychodystrophy
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general term for abnormality involving the nail plate
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subungual
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under the nail plate
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lymphadenopathy/adenopathy
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enlarged lymph nodes
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pre-auricular
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in front of the ears
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cervical
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in the neck
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supraclavicular
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above the collar bones
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axillary
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in the underarms
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inguinal
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in the groin
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epitrochlear
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around the elbow
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popliteal
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behind the knee
