Lange Q & A Chapter 4, Pharmacology and Anesthesia – Flashcards
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A drug that interferes with the blood clotting mechanism is
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Heparin
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An mg is a measurement of
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Weight
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The sloution used intravenously to replace plasma when plasma is not available is
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Dextran
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How many milliliters are in 1 ounce
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30
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One gram equals
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1000 mg
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A drug used to increase blood pressure is
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Epinephrine
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The action of an anticholinergic drug is to reduce
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Secretions
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The total volume ina 30 cc syringe is
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1 once
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Naloxone (Narcan) is an example of a/an
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Narcotic antagonist
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Avitene is
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Hemostatic
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An absorbable gelatin hemostatic agent that is often soaked in thrombin or epinephrine solution is
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Gelfoam
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Each of the following agents must be applied using dry gloves or instrument EXCEPT
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Gelfoam
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An anticoagulant given subcutaneous, intravenously, or as a flush is
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Heparin
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A drug that decreses the tendency of blood to clot is
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Warfarin sodium
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An antibiotic used intraoperatively is
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Gentamicin
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A topical antibiotic is
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Bacitracin
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which item is used on cut edges of bones to seal off oozing of blood
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Bone wax
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the most common diuretic is
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Lasix
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An osmotic diuretic agent used to decrease cerebral edema and intraocular edema is
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Mannitol
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A systemic agent used to control uterine hemorrhage is
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Pitocin
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Steroids are used for
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reduction of tissue inflammation and swelling
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Solu-Medrol is a /an
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Anti-inflammatory
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Tubal patency may be tested by the installation of _____ into the uterine cavity
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Methylene blue
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A mydriatic drug, Neo-Synephrine, is used to
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Dilated the pupil
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Immobility of the eye, along with lowered intraocular pressure is facilitated by the used of
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Retrobulbar block
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Miochol is a/an
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Miotic
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An agent that keeps the cornea moist during surgery and is used for irrigation as well is
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BSS
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An artificail plasma-volume expander is
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dextran
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An anticoagulant used in vascular surgery is
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Heparin
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Heparin effects are reversed by
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Protamine sulfate
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The universal donor blood that may be given in extreme emergencies until the patient can be typed and crossmatched is
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O
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Normal saline is used for laparotomy pack moistening and for intraperitoneal irrigation because it is
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Isotonic
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Levophed
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restores and maintains blood pressure
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A drug used to treat metabolic acidosis is
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Sodium bicarbonate
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The last sensation to leave the patient during general anesthesia induction is
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Hearing
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An ultrashort acting drug useful during intubation to produce paralysis and also to produce muscle relaxation when used in a dilute solution is
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Anectine
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Neuroleptoanalgesia combines
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A tranquilizer and narcotic
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A sedative/ tranquilizers used to reduce anxiety and apprehension of the pre-op patient and as an adjunct to general anesthesia to reduce the amount and concentration of other more potent agents is
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Valium
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An antimuscarinic
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Limits salivation
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Anesthesia given in a combination of several agents to obtain optimum results is called
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Balance anesthesia
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A bolus is
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A dose injected all at once, intravenously
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A drug used to soothe and relieve anxiety is a/ an
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Sedative
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A Bier block provides
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anesthesia to a distal portion an extremity
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Which inhalation agent is used for short procedures requiring no muscle relaxation?
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Nitrous oxide
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The most frequently used barbiturate for intravenous anesthesia is
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Pentothal
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Halothane is also called
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Fluothane
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A method of anesthesia in which medication is injected into the subarachnoid space, affecting a portion of the spinal cord, is called a
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Spinal block
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The indication for an epidural would be
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Anorectal, vaginal, perineal, and obstetric procedure
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Compazine is
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An antiemetic
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Which technique can be employed to prevent pain during an operative procedure or to relieve chronic pain?
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Nerve block
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The most widely used local anesthetic is
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Lidocaine
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Another name for adrenalin
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Epinephrine
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A vasoconstrictor that, when added to a local anesthetic agent, extends its life is
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Epinephrine
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The purpose of an LMA is
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to establish and maintain a patent airway
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A drug used to reverse hypotension is?
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Levophed
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Blood or fluid can be quickly delivered to a patient via?
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rapid infusion pump
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Blood oxygenation can be monitored during surgery by means of a/an
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pulse oximeter
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A drug that could be used to reverse the effect of muscle relaxants is?
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Prostigmin
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Arterial blood gases (ABGs) are commonly obtained by accessing the?
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radial artery
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Which piece of equipment is of extreme importance when anesthesia induction begins?
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Suction
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Tablets placed under the tongue for rapid absorption are called?
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sublingual
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Pharmacokinetics focuses on how the body?
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Process by which drugs move through the body
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Drugs effects that occur predictably and may not cause a problem are
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side effects
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The patented name of medication is also its?
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Proprietary name
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A capnometer measures
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CO2 concentration
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Contrast media for radiographic studies include
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all of the above
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The acronym MAC stands for?
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monitored anesthesia care
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A drug that constricts the pupil during ophthalmic surgery is?
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miochol
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During general anesthesia, exhaled CO2 is absorbed by?
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Soda lime reservoir
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Cricoid pressure ?
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occludes the esophagus
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Method or routes used to administer general anesthesia include?
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inhalation, intravenous
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Extubation occurs during which phase of anesthesia?
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emergence
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The drug used to treat malignant hypothermia is?
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Dantrolene
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An example of a depolarizing muscle relaxant is?
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succinylcholine
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During ophthalmic surgery, paralysis of the ciliary muscle is achieve by using?
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Cycloplegics
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Zofran is an
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antimetic
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Benzodiazapines produce_______ for up to 6 hours the onset of the drugs action
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antigrade amnesia
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IV lines are preoperatively placed to
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(A) immediate intravenous access for medications (B) maintain and manipulate fluid volume (C) maintain electrolyte balance (D) all of the above All of the above
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The number of right to safe medication administration is
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6
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The intensity of contraction is increased with the use of?
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Oxytocin
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Drugs used to reduce the reabsorption of water via the renal tubules and increase the amount of sodium secreted are known as?
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diuretics
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A medication that is place between the lip and the cheek to be absorbed by muccous membranes is?
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buccal
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The most accurate method used to measure liquid medication is
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Syringe
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Which name is derived from the molecular formula of a drug?
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Chemical
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An undeireable or intolerable reaction to a drug administered at the normal dosage, is defined as?
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adverse reaction
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The process whereby the drug enters the bloodstream is known as?
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absorption
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One liter is equal to
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1000 ML
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One gram is equal to
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1000 mg
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Medications used to prevent post op infections are?
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antibiotics
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Drugs with the potential to lead to abuse are
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(A) narotic (B) prescription (C) controlled substance (D) all of the above All of the above
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Which organ is primarily responsible for excretion of drugs?
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Kidneys
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Anticoagulants such as heparin are used to prevent
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blood clots
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The generic name for Marcaine is
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bupivacaine
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The phase of anesthesia occurring when surgery is in progress is
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maintenance
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Benzodiazipines are categorized as
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sedative
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While under general anesthesia, the anesthesiologist monitors the rate, rhythm, and electrical conduction by?
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electrocardiogram
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Drugs classified as antiemetics are used to prevent?
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nausea
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A warming blanket which contains warm air and is used on patients during surgery is called?
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Bair hugger
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The trade name for xylocaine?
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lidocaine
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The vasoconstrictor used with lidocaine to prolong the effects of the anesthetic is?
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epinephrine
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Which drug is the antagonist to heparin?
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Protamine sulfate
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when the surgeon performs an intraoperative cholangiogram he uses
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renografin
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Another name for anectine is
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succinylcholine
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malignant hyperthermia can be triggered by
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succinylcholine
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Patient is receiving, 1 L of 5 % dextrose in water as an IV fluid during her 1-Hour surgery. the number of grams of dextrose the patient has receive during this infusion is?
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50g
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The needed medication comes in 100 mg per 1 cc. The surgeon wants 50 mg. Your syringe will draw op _____ of the medication.
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.5 cc
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One ounce is equal to _____ cc.
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30 cc
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A 1000 mL is roughly equal to
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1 quart
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The vial the circulating nurse is holding is labeled 75 mg per 1 cc. The surgeon wants 150 mg of the medication. YOU will draw up
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2 cc
