Health 1 – Flashcard
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The basic structural unit of the body is the:
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cell
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_____________ contains information that determines a cell's purpose and function.
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DNA
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Which kind of tissue is designed to regulate temperature, secrete lubricants, and protect the body from harmful substances?
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epithelial
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Which kind of tissue sends messages from the brain to the rest of the body?
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nerve
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T/F: Organs are comprised of tissues that work together to perform a specific bodily function.
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true
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Which part of the cell is the organelle that functions as its brain?
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the nucleus
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Which tissues work together to form muscles?
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muscular
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Which tissues connect the parts of the body?
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connective
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Groups of organs that work together to complete a process in the body are called:
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systems
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Segments of DNA that contain the code for specific proteins are called _____.
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genes
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Which statement is true?
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Chromosomes contain many genes; not all genes are actively coding
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Which statement correctly describes genetic diseases or disorders?
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If one inherits a gene for a specific disease, and the gene is recessive, the disease is not always present.
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Among the leading cause of death for young adults (25-44 years old), trailing only accidents are _____.
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heart disease
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Coronary artery disease is a disease of the heart where the arteries and blood vessels become clogged with fat deposits called _____.
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plaque
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A stroke is caused by _____.
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a disruption of blood flow in the arteries going to the brain
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A diet rich in _____ can help cleanse and open arteries that are clogged with plaque.
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high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
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In addition being a protective factor, _____ is one of the primary prescriptions for a recovering heart attack victim.
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exercise
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Which of the following is a primary reason for the rapid growth of cancer?
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Cancer cells are disconnected from the body's control center; they receive no messages to stop growing.
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_____blood cells bring oxygen to cells and take carbon dioxide away.
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red
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The circulatory system is divided into two main parts, the ------ circulation and the pulmonary circulation.
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systemic
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The ----- is the main organ of the circulatory system.
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heart
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The ----- circulation brings carbon dioxide-filled blood to the lungs.
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pulmonary
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The -- is the body's main artery.
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aorta
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The human heart is divided into -- chambers.
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4
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The left side of the heart performs the --- circulation.
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systemic
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The -- circulation disperses oxygen-rich blood throughout the body.
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systemic
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--- transfer waste-filled blood from tissues into the pulmonary circulation.
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capillaries
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Carbon dioxide is removed from the bloodstream by the -- .
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lungs
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The respiratory system works with the --- system to add oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide to the body.
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circulatory
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The main organ of the respiratory system is the ---.
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lung
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Air from the outside is:
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warmed, moistened and cleaned by the nose and mouth
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The --- prevents food or liquids from getting into the lungs.
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epiglottis
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Air is passed from the trachea into the lungs through two large tubes called:
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bronchi
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________ are tiny air sacs through which oxygen and carbon dioxide pass in and out of the bloodstream.
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alveoli
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Exhalation removes --- from the body.
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carbon dioxide
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Exhalation occurs when the --- relaxes, causing the lungs to contract.
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diaphragm
