Chapter 12 Hea 191 – Flashcards
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1) How many adult Americans suffer from some type of cardiovascular disease?
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one out of three
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The absence of clinical indicators of cardiovascular disease and the presence of certain behavioral and health factor metrics is known as
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ideal cardiovascular health
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the human heart is the size of a
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adult's fist
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Cardiometabolic risk (CMR) is
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A) a set of risk factors that affect both cardiovascular health and the body's metabolic processes.
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5) Which of the following can help prevent cardiovascular disease?
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B) avoiding tobacco
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6) Which of the following blood cholesterol profiles is optimal?
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C) total cholesterol = 170; HDL cholesterol = 70
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7) Which of the following characteristics would be consistent with a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in an adult female?
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A) blood pressure of 155/90
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8) The average healthy adult heart beats 70-80 beats per minute. A lower heart rate of 60 might indicate that
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C) the individual is stressed.
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9) An adult with a damaged sinoatrial node
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B) must have a pacemaker implanted to control the heart rhythm.
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10) Which of the following is TRUE in regard to atherosclerosis?
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A) It is characterized by a buildup of substances within the arteries that form plaque.
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11) An individual would most likely suffer from angina pectoris when
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B) walking up a flight of stairs.
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12) All of the following are methods of reducing risk for CVD EXCEPT
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C) increasing triglycerides in your blood.
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13) A reduction in the oxygen supply to a part of the body or an organ such as the heart is known as
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B) ischemia.
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14) Metabolic syndrome is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
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D) low blood pressure.
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15) Which of the following represents the correct sequence of blood flow as it travels through the heart?
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A) right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta
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16) Which of the following would NOT be a contributing cause of congestive heart failure?
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C) reaction to a tetanus vaccination
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17) All of the following occur as part of congestive heart failure EXCEPT
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B) the flow of blood through the veins backs up.
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18) Which of the following represents the most serious type of heart arrhythmia?
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C) fibrillation
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19) Cardiovascular disease
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D) has been the leading cause of death in the U.S. for nearly 100 years.
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20) Which of the following foods should be consumed daily as part of a heart-healthy diet?
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B) plant oils
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21) Of the following lifestyle choices, the MOST helpful for achieving an improved HDL to LDL ratio is to
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B) engage in regular exercise.
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22) Which of the following groups has the highest incidence of hypertension?
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C) African Americans
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23) Nonmodifiable risk factors for CVD include all of the following EXCEPT
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D) blood cholesterol levels.
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24) Which of the following body shapes represents a higher risk for heart disease?
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B) apple
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25) The blood level of which type of protein rises during an inflammatory reaction?
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D) C-reactive protein
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26) Which of the following is NOT a technique used to diagnose heart disease?
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D) positron emission tomography
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27) Aspirin is sometimes recommended for treating cardiovascular disease because it
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A) reduces the risk of clot formation.
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28) A biopsy reveals that a woman who has had breast cancer now has cancer in her lymph nodes. The process of cancer spreading from one organ or body area to others is
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A) metastasis.
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29) Being completely "cured" of cancer means that an individual has
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C) no subsequent cancer and can expect to live a long and productive life.
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30) Which of the following statements is TRUE with respect to the genetic risk of cancer?
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A) Oncogenes are suspected cancer-causing genes.
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31) Which of the following behaviors would most likely increase the risk of developing cancer?
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C) eating a diet high in empty calories
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32) A construction company used asbestos on many job sites over the years. Asbestos is a(n)
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C) environmental carcinogen.
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33) Which of the following is TRUE about radiation and cancer?
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C) Exposure to radon has not been shown to increase the risk of cancer.
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34) Which of the following is TRUE with respect to tumors?
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D) A malignant tumor can invade surrounding tissue, produce mutant cells, and metastasize.
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35) All of the following are well-documented risk factors for breast cancer EXCEPT
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B) consuming 3 to 4 alcoholic drinks per week.
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36) Prostate cancer risk
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D) increases dramatically with age.
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37) Gwen began to have sex at an early age. She may be at increased risk for
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C) cervical cancer.
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38) All of the following are ways to reduce carcinogens in the environment EXCEPT
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B) using weed killers in your garden.
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39) Jeremy was told that his cancer could not be treated with radiotherapy and must be treated with chemotherapy. This is probably because the cancer is
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A) no longer localized.
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40) Patrick is going to begin chemotherapy to treat a type of lymphoma. Which of the following side effects is he likely to experience?
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C) nausea, fatigue, and hair loss
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41) Testicular cancer is
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C) one of the most curable forms of cancer.
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42) All of the following are warning signs of melanoma EXCEPT
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C) a uniform brown color.
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43) One reason exercise might decrease breast cancer risk is that
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B) it typically decreases body fat.
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44) Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for colorectal cancer?
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D) regular exercise
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45) If caught early, the prognosis for colon cancer is good because
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B) the disease progresses slowly.
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46) In the ABCD rule for the warning signs of melanoma, the B stands for
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B) border irregularity.
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47) The BEST time for a man to perform a testicular self-exam is
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D) after a hot shower.
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48) Which of the following strategies may lower the risk for ovarian cancer?
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B) having annual pelvic exams
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49) Sexually transmitted diseases have the greatest impact on increasing the incidence of which type of cancer?
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A) cervical
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50) Which of the following is a cancer that occurs in bones, muscles, and/or connective tissue?
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D) leukemia
