KIN-199 Cancer WebQuest – Flashcards
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Where can cancer, or tumors, occur in the body?
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In any organ or tissue of the body
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Solid tumors form ________, while liquid tumors ________
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Lumps, flow freely in the body
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How do cancers start?
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Mutations in one cell
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What percent of cancers are genetically inherited?
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Less than 10%
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As we age, we accumulate more and more mutations. What does this explain?
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Cancer incidence increases with age
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How or why do cancer cells grow?
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They do not respond to signals that usually regulate cell growth and division
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What do cancer cells have to learn how to grow without?
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The absence of growth stimulatory signals that normal cells require from the environment
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What do cancer cells have to learn how to grow in the presence of?
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Growth inhibitory signals that normally succeed in stopping the proliferation of normal cells
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How do cancer cells avoid death?
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Learn to avoid the process of programed death
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What is apoptosis?
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Cell suicide
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How do cancer cells survive? What must they take in and attract?
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Attract blood vessels to grow into the tumor mass. Vessels then nourish the tumor just like any other organ in the body
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The age of a cell and its ability to divide is related to what?
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Telomeres
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What do telomeres do and how does this relate to cancer?
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Operate to prevent end-to-end fusion of chromosomes; protect ends of chromosomal DNA from such accidents
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Explain how telomerase enables cancer cells.
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Extends the telomeres, making them longer and longer, thereby enabling the cancer cell to go through many cycles of growth and division
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What are 90% of human cancers due to?
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Environmental factors
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What are the two parts to adaptive immune responses?
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Innate and adoptive immune responses, T-cells
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What is genomic instability?
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The changes in cells compared to the normal cells
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Name 2 ways in which we accumulate changes in our genes that can cause cancer?
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Number of changes, process of copying the genetic info
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What percent of cancer does pollution, food additives, and industrial wastes have an effect on?
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Less than 5%
