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About eight months ago, 14-year-old Shelley went on a drastic weight-loss diet that caused her to drop from 110 to 80 pounds. Although she is now dangerously underweight and under-nourished, she continues to think she looks fat. Her frustrated father recently forced her to eat a peanut butter sandwich, but Shelley immediately went to the bathroom and threw it all up. Shelley most clearly suffers from

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anorexia nervosa

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The descriptions of orgasm written by men and women are _____, and the subcortical brain regions active in men and women during orgasm are _____.

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similar; similar

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Leptin, a hunger-dampening protein, is secreted by

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fat cells.

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The health risks associated with obesity are generally the greatest for those who carry their excess weight around their

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bellies.

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The set point is

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the specific body weight maintained automatically by most adults over long periods of time.

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Motivation is defined by psychologists as

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a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal.

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A biological influence on homosexuality is most clearly seen from evidence of

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sexual relations between same- sex partners in several hundred different animal species.

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Compared with European teens, American teens have _____ rates of contraceptive use and _____ rates of pregnancy and abortion.

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lower; higher

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Researchers use biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis to understand eating disorders. The social-cultural level of analysis is especially likely to emphasize that eating disorders are influenced by

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mass media standards of appearance.

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During the resolution phase of the sexual response cycle, people are most likely to experience a rapid decrease in physiological arousal if

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they have just experience orgasm

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The concept of personality most clearly embodies the notion of

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behavioral consistency.

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According to psychoanalytic theory, the part of the personality that strives for immediate gratification of basic drives is the

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id.

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One night after he heard his parents arguing, 4-year-old Wei had a vivid dream in which he saved his mother from being bitten by a large snake. A psychoanalyst would most likely suspect that WEi's dream reflects the

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Oedipus complex

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4 year old Timmy had not wet his bed for over a year. However, he started bed-wetting again soon after his sister was born. Timmy's behavior best illustrates

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regression

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Carl Rogers referred to an attitude of total acceptance toward another person as

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unconditional positive regard.

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A consistent tendency to be shy is best described as a

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trait.

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The big five trait dimensions were identified by means of

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factor analysis

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The MMPI is an example of a

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personality inventory.

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Being highly imaginative is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

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openness.

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According to Freud,the unconscious is

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thethoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories, of which we are largely unaware.

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The billionaire aviator Howard Hughes insisted that his assistants carry out elaborate hand-washing rituals and wear white gloves when handling any document he would later touch. His behavior best illustrated the symptoms of

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OCD

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A fundamental problem with the diagnostic labeling of psychologically disordered behaviors is that he labels often

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bias our perceptions of the labeled person.

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A sense of being separated from your body and watching yourself with a sense of detachment is a symptom of

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dissociation.

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Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible, enduring, and socially maladaptive behavior patterns are called _____ disorders.

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personality

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For the last month, Gabrielle has felt lethargic and has been unable to get out of bed in the morning. She has withdrawn from friends and family bc she feels worthless and unlovable. Gabrielle is most likely suffering from

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major depressive disorder

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Inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity are major symptoms of

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attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

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Antisocial personality disorder is most likely to be characterized by

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a lack of guilt feelings.

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Obsessive thoughts typically _____ anxiety and behaviors typically _____ anxiety.

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increase; decrease

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The risk of suicide is greatest when people

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begin to rebound from their depression.

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A disorder in which an individual is overexcited, hyperactive, and wildly optimistic is known as

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mania.

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Mr. Phillips has recently begun to express feelings of hostility and resentment toward his therapist, who is consistently friendly, caring, and helpful. A psychoanalyst would most likely consider Mr. Phillips's

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transference.

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Wilma is extremely agitated because she hears voices that tell her to sexually seduce the male nurses n her hospital ward. Wilma is most clearly suffering from

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hallucinations.

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Delusions of persecution are most common among those with ____ schizophrenia.

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paranoid

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Repeatedly introducing people to things they fear and avoid is most characteristic of

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exposure therapies.

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Aaron Beck has used gentle questioning intended to reveal depressed clients' irrational thinking. His therapeutic approach best illustrates

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cognitive therapy.

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Systematic desensitization involves the use of

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progressive relaxation.

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A useful feature of group therapy is that is

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encourages clients to improve their communication skills

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Antipsychotic drugs have proved helpful in the treatment of

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schizophrenia.

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Client- centered therapists are most likely to

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restate and seek further clarification of what clients say during the course of therapy.

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Research on the cause of schizophrenia strongly suggests that

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there is a genetic pre-disposition to schizophrenia.

Psych 100 Unit 3 – Flashcards

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