question

According to Rogers, people's fundamental motivating process is the actualizing tendency.

answer

True

question

Which of the following would be characteristic of "authoritative" parenting?

answer

"Which would be easier: for you to finish your homework before you play, or go play before you finish your homework?"

question

Rogers recommended that therapists be objective, communicating neither liking nor dislike of a client as a person.

answer

False

question

Rogers thought that education could be improved by

answer

trusting students to choose their own directions.

question

Which of these is not a condition for therapeutic progress, according to Rogers?

answer

insight

question

Questionnaires measuring aspects of personality described by Rogers's theory have been devised by researchers.

answer

True

question

Being accepted by the therapist helps a client to accept his or her own experience, according to Rogers.

answer

True

question

Which of the following was true of Rogers' therapy when films of his client-therapist interactions were later reviewed?

answer

Rogers was not as non-directive as his client-centered therapy is typically portrayed.

question

As a client makes progress in therapy, what happens?

answer

The client more freely experiences and expresses emotions.

question

Rogers's concept of unconditional positive regard refers to

answer

the therapist's acceptance and positive valuing of the client, which is not dependent on particular "good" behaviors.

question

Jenny didn't listen to her parents and then made a mistake; however, her parents still love her. Jenny's parents likely have ____ towards her.

answer

Unconditional positive regard

question

Carl Rogers was proud that his students' clinical training included __________, which he innovated.

answer

a supervised practicum experience

question

Roger's believed that work employee / employer relationships would benefit from all of the following except

answer

Traditional authority patterns

question

Rogers called his therapy groups "__________."

answer

encounter groups

question

If the ideal self and the real self do not match, Rogers said

answer

they are "incongruent."

question

Within each person, inner experience signals what is growth-producing. Rogers called this experience __________.

answer

the organismic valuing process

question

Actualization is always a healthy process.

answer

True

question

"Satellite relationships" are

answer

relationships with people other than the spouse or primary partner, sometimes involving sexual intimacy.

question

If a person is "incongruent,"

answer

the real self and the ideal self are in conflict.

question

A criticism of humanistic psychology is that it encourages

answer

narcissism and selfishness.

question

According to Rogers, which of the following is not in the list of characteristics needed for a fully functioning, healthy person?

answer

Incongruence

question

Rogers agreed that psychology should be value-free.

answer

False

question

Rogers described a force for growth in all organic and human life. He called this the __________.

answer

actualizing tendency

question

A desirable outcome of psychotherapy, according to Rogers, is

answer

the experience of having choices.

question

When considering goals, one should consider

answer

All the of above

question

Which of the following is not one of the efficacy expectations that an individual's self efficacy is based upon

answer

Physical Arousal

question

What is low self-efficacy associated with?

answer

Both a and b

question

Bandura recommends that self-efficacy should be measured

answer

separately for each area of behavior.

question

Outcome expectations are

answer

beliefs about what will happen if a behavior is performed.

question

People with high self-efficacy try harder.

answer

True

question

Which of the following is not included as a factor influencing retention?

answer

Symbiotic coding

question

In his studies of film-mediated aggression, children watched models behave aggressively toward

answer

a bobo doll

question

Based on research by Bandura, Ross, and Ross (1963), we would expect that

answer

children will identify with the working parent in a two-parent family, whether that parent is the mother or the father.

question

Human agency involves an individual using all but

answer

Bandura's research suggests that parents who wish to have children who aim for high goals should

question

Barack Obama had a number of important models in his life including his father.

answer

false

question

Research suggests that self-efficacy beliefs have the greatest effect on task performance at the __________ of the task.

answer

beginning

question

Which of the following is considered part of the retention process?

answer

Symbolic rehearsal of the process.

question

Bandura's theory potentially gives individuals

answer

More control over their lives

question

A coach may offer a prize for the most-improved player of the season. This would affect learning because of

answer

motivational processes.

question

Bandura's research on modeling found that children are most likely to imitate adults who are powerful.

answer

true

question

The concept of reciprocal determinism involves all of the following variables except which one?

answer

society

question

Our possible self is the self we wish to avoid.

answer

false

question

In their research on modeling, Bandura, Ross, and Ross (1963) found that children are most likely to imitate adults who are

answer

powerful

question

In real life, modeling produces only socially desirable behavior.

answer

false

question

A person who believes he or she can act effectively in a situation is high in

answer

Self-efficacy

question

What is the similarity between the theories of Bandura and Mischel?

answer

Both answer 1 and 2

question

Which physiological variable has been found to be correlated with self-efficacy?

answer

immune system functioning

question

Research suggests that self-efficacy beliefs have the greatest effect on task performance at the beginning of the task .

answer

true

question

Maslow believed that traditional religions were important for self-actualized people.

answer

False

question

Which of the following methods did Maslow use most often in his study of self-actualized people?

answer

indirect observation

question

Maslow's vision of "Taoist Science" emphasizes

answer

meaningful interaction with the subject matter.

question

Which hypothesis is predicted by Maslow's theory?

answer

none of the above

question

Self-actualized people are less likely to conform to social influence pressures than are other people.

answer

True

question

Esteem needs are satisfied when other people think well of us, even if that reputation is based on erroneous information.

answer

False

question

The desire for safety stops many people from becoming self-actualized.

answer

True

question

David Pelzer's foster family helped him meet his needs for Love and Belongingness.

answer

True

question

According to Maslow, most college students, by the senior year, are self-actualized.

answer

False

question

Abraham Maslow's theory emphasizes

answer

the most healthy individuals.

question

Maslow emphasized the importance of well-controlled research studies in psychology.

answer

False

question

Maslow's critics suggested that his theory was overly influenced by his own

answer

values.

question

A person who is resilient has the strength to survive stressful situations but still experiences the usual negative consequences of those experiences.

answer

False

question

Maslow suggested that we could learn most about personality by studying unhealthy populations.

answer

False

question

In the case of David Pelzer in the beginning of Chapter 15, we learned that David sometimes had to eat food out of the dog dish to survive. What need was he trying to meet in doing so?

answer

Physiological needs

question

Regarding sex, Maslow thought that it was

answer

an important "love and belongingness" need, as well as a physiological need.

question

In his survey of 3,000 college students, about how many did Maslow find whom he considered to be self-actualized?

answer

one student

question

Researchers have found that retrospective peak experiences reported among Japanese adults

answer

involve interpersonal experiences

question

A measure of self-actualization that is frequently used in research is the

answer

Personal Orientation Inventory.

question

Competence, autonomy, and relatedness are important needs, according to self-determination theory.

answer

true

question

Which statement about self-actualization tendencies is most accurate?

answer

Maslow estimated less than 1 percent of all individuals are self-actualized.

question

Which of these belong to the "three pillars of positive psychology?"

answer

all of the above

question

Maslow envisioned a next stage in the development of psychology. This "fourth" stage would be concerned with __________ issues.

answer

transpersonal

question

Maslow urged for a more spiritual approach within psychology

answer

true

question

Education, according to Maslow, should encourage students'

answer

curiosity

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