9th grade Abeka health chapter 2 – Flashcards
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Arteries
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Carry blood away from the heart
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Veins
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Carry blood to the heart
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Atria
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The pumping mechanism of the heart consists of two thin walled upper chambers
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Ventricles
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Two tricked walled lower chambers
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Septum
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A thick vertical wall that divides the left chambers from the right chambers
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Pulmonary arteries
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The arteries that carry oxygen depleted blood from the heart to the lungs
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Pulmonary circulation
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The flow of blood between the heart and the lungs
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Pulmonary veins
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The veins that carry oxygen rich blood from the lungs back to the heart
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Aorta
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When the left ventricle contracts oxygenated is forced out of the heart into what?
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Venue cavae
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The body's largest veins
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Blood pressurec
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The amount of force that the blood exerts upon the walls of the blood vessels
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Pulse
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Rhythmic change of of pressure that causes the arteries' walls to bulge outward and then return to normal
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Radial pulse
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Pulse on wrist
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Carotid pulse
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Pulse on pulse
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Stroke volume
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The volume of blood ejected from the ventricles with each contraction
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Pneumology
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The study was of the respiratory system
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Lungs
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Large spongy organs located inside the thoracic cavity on either side of the heart
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Glottis
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The opening of the trachea
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Larynx
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Voice box
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Trachea
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Windpipe
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Epiglottis
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The flap of cartilage covering the glottis
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Vocal cords
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Toe folds of elastic tissue that produces sound for speach
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Bronchi
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The trachea divided into to branches called what?
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Bronchioles
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The smallest bronchial tubes
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Alveoli
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Microscopic air sacs that make up the tissue of the lungs
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Diaphragm
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The thoracic cavity is an airtight chamber with a movable floor of muscle
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Vital capacity
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The volume of air
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Axial skeleton
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The bones of the skull and vertebral column
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Appendicular skeleton
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The pectoral girdle with attached upper appendages and the pelvic girdle with attached lower appendages
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Muscular strength
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How much force a muscle or group of muscles can exert
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Muscular endurance
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The ability of a muscle of a muscle to hold a contraction or contract repeatedly over a period of time without becoming fatigued
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Flexibility
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The ability of muscle to extend easily through its full range of motion
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Ligaments
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Attach bones together
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Joints
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A place where two bones are connected
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Cervical vertebrae
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Forms the neck
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Thoracic vertebrae
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Longest segment of the vertebral column
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Lumbar vertebrae
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The largest of all the vertebrae
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Sacral vertebrae
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Separate vertebrae in infants
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Sacrum
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Separate vertebrae in adults
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Coccyx
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The tailbone
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Scapula
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Shoulder blade
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Clavicle
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Collarbone
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Humerus
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The upper arm bone
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Radius and ulna
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Allows you to twist your bones
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Carpals
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The wrist bones
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Pelvic girdle
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A rigid ring of thick bone that supports most of the body's weight
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Femur
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The largest bone in the body also called the thigh bone
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Tibia
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The main weight bearing bone of the lower leg and is known as the shin
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Tarsals
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The ankle bones and are similar to the carpals but thicker and stronger
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Periosteum
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A bone is enclosed in a protected sheath which contains blood vessels that help supply nutrients to the bone
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Ball and socket joint
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The joint that allows widest range in motion
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Hinge joint
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Allow a bone to move up and down
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Pivot joint
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Allow only a rotating movement
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Gliding joint
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Allow slight movements in which one bone slides along the surface of another
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Saddle joint
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Allow motion in two planes, up and down and left to right found in the thumbs
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Ellipsoid joint
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Allow motion in two planes, up and down and left to right between metacarpals and phalanges
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Cartilage
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Bones are covered with a tough, slippery that allows the bones to glide smoothly over each other
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Ligaments
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Bones are fastened together by strong bands of fibrous connective tissue
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Muscle tone
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The slight tension in a relaxed muscle in which a small percentage of muscle fibers are contracted at any given moment even though the muscle is at rest gives your flesh its firmness
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Flexors
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Muscles that decrease the angle between the bones of a joint
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Extensors
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Muscles that increase that increase the angle
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Tendon
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Connective tissue covering a muscle tapers into a tough cord
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Fitness
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The ability of the heart, blood vessels, lungs, and muscles to work together to perform routine physical activities
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Cardiorespiratory endurence
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The ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to distribute nutrients and oxygen to and remove wastes from the body's tissues during ext need periods of vigorous activity
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Cardiology
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The study of the heart and the body's network of blood vessels and their functions
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Cardiovascular system
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Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and the blood
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Arteries
answer
Carry blood away from the heart
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Veins
answer
Carry blood to the heart
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Atria
answer
The pumping mechanism of the heart consists of two thin walled upper chambers
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Ventricles
answer
Two tricked walled lower chambers
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Septum
answer
A thick vertical wall that divides the left chambers from the right chambers
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Pulmonary arteries
answer
The arteries that carry oxygen depleted blood from the heart to the lungs
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Pulmonary circulation
answer
The flow of blood between the heart and the lungs
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Pulmonary veins
answer
The veins that carry oxygen rich blood from the lungs back to the heart
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Aorta
answer
When the left ventricle contracts oxygenated is forced out of the heart into what?
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Venue cavae
answer
The body's largest veins
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Blood pressurec
answer
The amount of force that the blood exerts upon the walls of the blood vessels
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Pulse
answer
Rhythmic change of of pressure that causes the arteries' walls to bulge outward and then return to normal
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Radial pulse
answer
Pulse on wrist
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Carotid pulse
answer
Pulse on pulse
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Stroke volume
answer
The volume of blood ejected from the ventricles with each contraction
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Pneumology
answer
The study was of the respiratory system
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Lungs
answer
Large spongy organs located inside the thoracic cavity on either side of the heart
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Glottis
answer
The opening of the trachea
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Larynx
answer
Voice box
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Trachea
answer
Windpipe
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Epiglottis
answer
The flap of cartilage covering the glottis
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Vocal cords
answer
Toe folds of elastic tissue that produces sound for speach
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Bronchi
answer
The trachea divided into to branches called what?
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Bronchioles
answer
The smallest bronchial tubes
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Alveoli
answer
Microscopic air sacs that make up the tissue of the lungs
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Diaphragm
answer
The thoracic cavity is an airtight chamber with a movable floor of muscle
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Vital capacity
answer
The volume of air
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Axial skeleton
answer
The bones of the skull and vertebral column
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Appendicular skeleton
answer
The pectoral girdle with attached upper appendages and the pelvic girdle with attached lower appendages
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Muscular strength
answer
How much force a muscle or group of muscles can exert
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Muscular endurance
answer
The ability of a muscle of a muscle to hold a contraction or contract repeatedly over a period of time without becoming fatigued
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Flexibility
answer
The ability of muscle to extend easily through its full range of motion
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Ligaments
answer
Attach bones together
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Joints
answer
A place where two bones are connected
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Cervical vertebrae
answer
Forms the neck
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Thoracic vertebrae
answer
Longest segment of the vertebral column
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Lumbar vertebrae
answer
The largest of all the vertebrae
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Sacral vertebrae
answer
Separate vertebrae in infants
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Sacrum
answer
Separate vertebrae in adults
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Coccyx
answer
The tailbone
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Scapula
answer
Shoulder blade
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Clavicle
answer
Collarbone
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Humerus
answer
The upper arm bone
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Radius and ulna
answer
Allows you to twist your bones
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Carpals
answer
The wrist bones
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Pelvic girdle
answer
A rigid ring of thick bone that supports most of the body's weight
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Femur
answer
The largest bone in the body also called the thigh bone
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Tibia
answer
The main weight bearing bone of the lower leg and is known as the shin
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Tarsals
answer
The ankle bones and are similar to the carpals but thicker and stronger
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question
Periosteum
answer
A bone is enclosed in a protected sheath which contains blood vessels that help supply nutrients to the bone
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question
Ball and socket joint
answer
The joint that allows widest range in motion
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question
Hinge joint
answer
Allow a bone to move up and down
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question
Pivot joint
answer
Allow only a rotating movement
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question
Gliding joint
answer
Allow slight movements in which one bone slides along the surface of another
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question
Saddle joint
answer
Allow motion in two planes, up and down and left to right found in the thumbs
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question
Ellipsoid joint
answer
Allow motion in two planes, up and down and left to right between metacarpals and phalanges
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question
Cartilage
answer
Bones are covered with a tough, slippery that allows the bones to glide smoothly over each other
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question
Ligaments
answer
Bones are fastened together by strong bands of fibrous connective tissue
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question
Muscle tone
answer
The slight tension in a relaxed muscle in which a small percentage of muscle fibers are contracted at any given moment even though the muscle is at rest gives your flesh its firmness
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question
Flexors
answer
Muscles that decrease the angle between the bones of a joint
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Extensors
answer
Muscles that increase that increase the angle
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Tendon
answer
Connective tissue covering a muscle tapers into a tough cord
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aerobic exercise
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exercises that improves the condition of the heart and lungs
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anaerobic exercise
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brief or strenuous exercise not powered by oxygen burning
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anaerobic
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intense activities lasting only a short period of time
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isometric
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Exercise that involve little or no outward movement of body parts
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Isotonic
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Strength training programs such is force against w movable resistance
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Isokinetic
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Involve exerting as much force as possible against a resistance moves at more or lest speed
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Percent body fat
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Refers to amount of fat in relation to a person's total body weight
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Training heart rate
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The rage between two figures
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Hypertrophy
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The enlargement of muscle through use
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Atrophy
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A muscle that remains unused
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Skin
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The largest organ of the body
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Homeostasis
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The internal environment needed to survive
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Hyodermis
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A fatty layer of loose connective tissue that attaches to the skin and muscle
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Hair follicles
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Hair roots that make up of living cells and are small sacs of epidermal cells in the dermis
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Sweat gland
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Helps regulate the body's temperature
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Sensory receptors
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Serve as means of communication to your body to the outside world
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Epidermis
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The skin's outer layer contains no blood vessels and very few pain receptors
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Cuticle
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Helps prevent disease causing bacteria from entering your body
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Melanin
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A dark colored pigment
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