9th grade Abeka health chapter 2 – Flashcards
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Fitness
answer
The ability of the heart, blood vessels, lungs, and muscles to work together to perform routine physical activities
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Cardiorespiratory endurence
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The ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to distribute nutrients and oxygen to and remove wastes from the body's tissues during ext need periods of vigorous activity
question
Cardiology
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The study of the heart and the body's network of blood vessels and their functions
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Cardiovascular system
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Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and the blood
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Arteries
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Carry blood away from the heart
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Veins
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Carry blood to the heart
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Atria
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The pumping mechanism of the heart consists of two thin walled upper chambers
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Ventricles
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Two tricked walled lower chambers
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Septum
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A thick vertical wall that divides the left chambers from the right chambers
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Pulmonary arteries
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The arteries that carry oxygen depleted blood from the heart to the lungs
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Pulmonary circulation
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The flow of blood between the heart and the lungs
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Pulmonary veins
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The veins that carry oxygen rich blood from the lungs back to the heart
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Aorta
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When the left ventricle contracts oxygenated is forced out of the heart into what?
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Venue cavae
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The body's largest veins
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Blood pressurec
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The amount of force that the blood exerts upon the walls of the blood vessels
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Pulse
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Rhythmic change of of pressure that causes the arteries' walls to bulge outward and then return to normal
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Radial pulse
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Pulse on wrist
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Carotid pulse
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Pulse on pulse
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Stroke volume
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The volume of blood ejected from the ventricles with each contraction
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Pneumology
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The study was of the respiratory system
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Lungs
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Large spongy organs located inside the thoracic cavity on either side of the heart
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Glottis
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The opening of the trachea
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Larynx
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Voice box
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Trachea
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Windpipe
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Epiglottis
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The flap of cartilage covering the glottis
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Vocal cords
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Toe folds of elastic tissue that produces sound for speach
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Bronchi
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The trachea divided into to branches called what?
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Bronchioles
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The smallest bronchial tubes
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Alveoli
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Microscopic air sacs that make up the tissue of the lungs
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Diaphragm
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The thoracic cavity is an airtight chamber with a movable floor of muscle
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Vital capacity
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The volume of air
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Axial skeleton
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The bones of the skull and vertebral column
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Appendicular skeleton
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The pectoral girdle with attached upper appendages and the pelvic girdle with attached lower appendages
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Muscular strength
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How much force a muscle or group of muscles can exert
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Muscular endurance
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The ability of a muscle of a muscle to hold a contraction or contract repeatedly over a period of time without becoming fatigued
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Flexibility
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The ability of muscle to extend easily through its full range of motion
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Ligaments
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Attach bones together
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Joints
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A place where two bones are connected
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Cervical vertebrae
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Forms the neck
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Thoracic vertebrae
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Longest segment of the vertebral column
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Lumbar vertebrae
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The largest of all the vertebrae
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Sacral vertebrae
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Separate vertebrae in infants
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Sacrum
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Separate vertebrae in adults
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Coccyx
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The tailbone
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Scapula
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Shoulder blade
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Clavicle
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Collarbone
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Humerus
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The upper arm bone
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Radius and ulna
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Allows you to twist your bones
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Carpals
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The wrist bones
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Pelvic girdle
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A rigid ring of thick bone that supports most of the body's weight
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Femur
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The largest bone in the body also called the thigh bone
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Tibia
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The main weight bearing bone of the lower leg and is known as the shin
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Tarsals
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The ankle bones and are similar to the carpals but thicker and stronger
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Periosteum
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A bone is enclosed in a protected sheath which contains blood vessels that help supply nutrients to the bone
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Ball and socket joint
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The joint that allows widest range in motion
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Hinge joint
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Allow a bone to move up and down
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Pivot joint
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Allow only a rotating movement
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Gliding joint
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Allow slight movements in which one bone slides along the surface of another
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Saddle joint
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Allow motion in two planes, up and down and left to right found in the thumbs
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Ellipsoid joint
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Allow motion in two planes, up and down and left to right between metacarpals and phalanges
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Cartilage
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Bones are covered with a tough, slippery that allows the bones to glide smoothly over each other
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Ligaments
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Bones are fastened together by strong bands of fibrous connective tissue
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Muscle tone
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The slight tension in a relaxed muscle in which a small percentage of muscle fibers are contracted at any given moment even though the muscle is at rest gives your flesh its firmness
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Flexors
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Muscles that decrease the angle between the bones of a joint
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Extensors
answer
Muscles that increase that increase the angle
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Tendon
answer
Connective tissue covering a muscle tapers into a tough cord
question
Fitness
answer
The ability of the heart, blood vessels, lungs, and muscles to work together to perform routine physical activities
question
Cardiorespiratory endurence
answer
The ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to distribute nutrients and oxygen to and remove wastes from the body's tissues during ext need periods of vigorous activity
question
Cardiology
answer
The study of the heart and the body's network of blood vessels and their functions
question
Cardiovascular system
answer
Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and the blood
question
Arteries
answer
Carry blood away from the heart
question
Veins
answer
Carry blood to the heart
question
Atria
answer
The pumping mechanism of the heart consists of two thin walled upper chambers
question
Ventricles
answer
Two tricked walled lower chambers
question
Septum
answer
A thick vertical wall that divides the left chambers from the right chambers
question
Pulmonary arteries
answer
The arteries that carry oxygen depleted blood from the heart to the lungs
question
Pulmonary circulation
answer
The flow of blood between the heart and the lungs
question
Pulmonary veins
answer
The veins that carry oxygen rich blood from the lungs back to the heart
question
Aorta
answer
When the left ventricle contracts oxygenated is forced out of the heart into what?
question
Venue cavae
answer
The body's largest veins
question
Blood pressurec
answer
The amount of force that the blood exerts upon the walls of the blood vessels
question
Pulse
answer
Rhythmic change of of pressure that causes the arteries' walls to bulge outward and then return to normal
question
Radial pulse
answer
Pulse on wrist
question
Carotid pulse
answer
Pulse on pulse
question
Stroke volume
answer
The volume of blood ejected from the ventricles with each contraction
question
Pneumology
answer
The study was of the respiratory system
question
Lungs
answer
Large spongy organs located inside the thoracic cavity on either side of the heart
question
Glottis
answer
The opening of the trachea
question
Larynx
answer
Voice box
question
Trachea
answer
Windpipe
question
Epiglottis
answer
The flap of cartilage covering the glottis
question
Vocal cords
answer
Toe folds of elastic tissue that produces sound for speach
question
Bronchi
answer
The trachea divided into to branches called what?
question
Bronchioles
answer
The smallest bronchial tubes
question
Alveoli
answer
Microscopic air sacs that make up the tissue of the lungs
question
Diaphragm
answer
The thoracic cavity is an airtight chamber with a movable floor of muscle
question
Vital capacity
answer
The volume of air
question
Axial skeleton
answer
The bones of the skull and vertebral column
question
Appendicular skeleton
answer
The pectoral girdle with attached upper appendages and the pelvic girdle with attached lower appendages
question
Muscular strength
answer
How much force a muscle or group of muscles can exert
question
Muscular endurance
answer
The ability of a muscle of a muscle to hold a contraction or contract repeatedly over a period of time without becoming fatigued
question
Flexibility
answer
The ability of muscle to extend easily through its full range of motion
question
Ligaments
answer
Attach bones together
question
Joints
answer
A place where two bones are connected
question
Cervical vertebrae
answer
Forms the neck
question
Thoracic vertebrae
answer
Longest segment of the vertebral column
question
Lumbar vertebrae
answer
The largest of all the vertebrae
question
Sacral vertebrae
answer
Separate vertebrae in infants
question
Sacrum
answer
Separate vertebrae in adults
question
Coccyx
answer
The tailbone
question
Scapula
answer
Shoulder blade
question
Clavicle
answer
Collarbone
question
Humerus
answer
The upper arm bone
question
Radius and ulna
answer
Allows you to twist your bones
question
Carpals
answer
The wrist bones
question
Pelvic girdle
answer
A rigid ring of thick bone that supports most of the body's weight
question
Femur
answer
The largest bone in the body also called the thigh bone
question
Tibia
answer
The main weight bearing bone of the lower leg and is known as the shin
question
Tarsals
answer
The ankle bones and are similar to the carpals but thicker and stronger
question
Periosteum
answer
A bone is enclosed in a protected sheath which contains blood vessels that help supply nutrients to the bone
question
Ball and socket joint
answer
The joint that allows widest range in motion
question
Hinge joint
answer
Allow a bone to move up and down
question
Pivot joint
answer
Allow only a rotating movement
question
Gliding joint
answer
Allow slight movements in which one bone slides along the surface of another
question
Saddle joint
answer
Allow motion in two planes, up and down and left to right found in the thumbs
question
Ellipsoid joint
answer
Allow motion in two planes, up and down and left to right between metacarpals and phalanges
question
Cartilage
answer
Bones are covered with a tough, slippery that allows the bones to glide smoothly over each other
question
Ligaments
answer
Bones are fastened together by strong bands of fibrous connective tissue
question
Muscle tone
answer
The slight tension in a relaxed muscle in which a small percentage of muscle fibers are contracted at any given moment even though the muscle is at rest gives your flesh its firmness
question
Flexors
answer
Muscles that decrease the angle between the bones of a joint
question
Extensors
answer
Muscles that increase that increase the angle
question
Tendon
answer
Connective tissue covering a muscle tapers into a tough cord
question
aerobic exercise
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exercises that improves the condition of the heart and lungs
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anaerobic exercise
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brief or strenuous exercise not powered by oxygen burning
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anaerobic
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intense activities lasting only a short period of time
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isometric
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Exercise that involve little or no outward movement of body parts
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Isotonic
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Strength training programs such is force against w movable resistance
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Isokinetic
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Involve exerting as much force as possible against a resistance moves at more or lest speed
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Percent body fat
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Refers to amount of fat in relation to a person's total body weight
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Training heart rate
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The rage between two figures
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Hypertrophy
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The enlargement of muscle through use
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Atrophy
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A muscle that remains unused
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Skin
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The largest organ of the body
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Homeostasis
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The internal environment needed to survive
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Hyodermis
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A fatty layer of loose connective tissue that attaches to the skin and muscle
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Hair follicles
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Hair roots that make up of living cells and are small sacs of epidermal cells in the dermis
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Sweat gland
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Helps regulate the body's temperature
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Sensory receptors
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Serve as means of communication to your body to the outside world
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Epidermis
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The skin's outer layer contains no blood vessels and very few pain receptors
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Cuticle
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Helps prevent disease causing bacteria from entering your body
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Melanin
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A dark colored pigment
