*(48-47-17)* And Solutes Across The – Flashcards
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An average of _________ of filtrate is produced daily by the kidneys through the glomerular filtration membrane. However, because of the size of the openings in the membrane and the overall negative charge across the membrane, not all substances within the blood are filtered equally
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180L
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An average of 180L of filtrate is produced daily by the __________ through the glomerular filtration membrane. However, because of the size of the openings in the membrane and the overall negative charge across the membrane, not all substances within the blood are filtered equally. Consequently, substances in the blood can be placed into one of three categories based on the degree to which the substance is filtered.
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kidneys
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Small substances such as water, glucose, amino acids, ions, some hormones, vitamins B and C, and ketones can pass easily through the filtration membrane and become part of the filtrate.
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Freely filtered (1)
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Small substances such as water, glucose, amino acids, ions, some hormones, vitamins B and C, and ketones can pass easily through the filtration membrane and become part of the filtrate.
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Freely filtered (1)
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Freely filtered is a small substances such as water, glucose, amino acids, ions, some hormones, vitamins B and C, and ketones can pass easily through the _______________ and become part of the filtrate.
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filtration membrane
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Formed elements (i.e., erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets) and large proteins are structures that cannot normally pass through the filtration membrane.
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Not filtered (2)
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Not filtered are formed elements (i.e., erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets) and ___________ are structures that cannot normally pass through the filtration membrane.
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large proteins
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Not filtered are formed elements (i.e., erythrocytes, leukocytes, and ________) and large proteins are structures that cannot normally pass through the filtration membrane.
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platelets
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Not filtered are formed elements (i.e., erythrocytes, ____________, and platelets) and large proteins are structures that cannot normally pass through the filtration membrane
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leukocyte
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Not filtered are formed elements (i.e., erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets) and large proteins are structures that cannot normally pass through the _____________
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filtration membrane
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Proteins that are of intermediate size are generally not filtered. They are blocked from filtration either because their size prevents movement through the openings of the filtration membrane or because they are negatively charged and repelled by the membranes negative charge.
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Limited filtration
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Limited filtration are proteins that are of ___________ are generally not filtered. They are blocked from filtration either because their size prevents movement through the openings of the filtration membrane or because they are negatively charged and repelled by the membranes negative charge.
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intermediate size
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Limited filtration are proteins that are of intermediate size are generally not filtered. They are ________ from filtration either because their size prevents movement through the openings of the filtration membrane or because they are negatively charged and repelled by the membranes negative charge.
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blocked
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Limited filtration are proteins that are of intermediate size are generally not filtered. They are blocked from filtration either because their size prevents movement through the openings of the filtration membrane or because they are____________ and repelled by the membranes negative charge.
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negatively charged
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Filtrate is produced due to the difference between
______________ of the blood in the glomerulus and the opposing pressures of both the osmotic blood pressure and fluid pressure in the capsular space of the renal corpuscle. This difference is termed the net filtration pressure.
______________ of the blood in the glomerulus and the opposing pressures of both the osmotic blood pressure and fluid pressure in the capsular space of the renal corpuscle. This difference is termed the net filtration pressure.
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hydrostatic pressure
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Filtrate is produced due to the difference between hydrostatic pressure of the blood in the glomerulus and the ________________ of both the osmotic blood pressure and fluid pressure in the capsular space of the renal corpuscle. This difference is termed the net filtration pressure.
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opposing pressures
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Filtrate is produced due to the difference between hydrostatic pressure of the blood in the glomerulus and the opposing pressures of both the____________________ in the capsular space of the renal corpuscle. This difference is termed the net filtration pressure.
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osmotic blood pressure and fluid pressure
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Filtrate is produced due to the difference between hydrostatic pressure of the blood in the glomerulus and the opposing pressures of both the osmotic blood pressure and fluid pressure in the capsular space of the ______________. This difference is termed the net filtration pressure.
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renal corpuscle
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48 What is the factor that favors filtrate formation from forming at the glomerulus?
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
Blood pressure in the glomerulus is called the _____________________. It is the driving force that "pushes" water and some dissolved solutes out of the glomerulus and into the capsular space of the renal corpuscle. It is the HPg that promotes filtration
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
Blood pressure in the glomerulus is called the _____________________. It is the driving force that "pushes" water and some dissolved solutes out of the glomerulus and into the capsular space of the renal corpuscle. It is the HPg that promotes filtration
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glomerular hydrostatic (blood) pressure (HPg).
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48 What is the factor that favors filtrate formation from forming at the glomerulus?
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
Blood pressure in the glomerulus is called the glomerular hydrostatic (blood) pressure (HPg). It is the driving force that______________ water and some dissolved solutes out of the glomerulus and into the capsular space of the renal corpuscle. It is the HPg that promotes filtration
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
Blood pressure in the glomerulus is called the glomerular hydrostatic (blood) pressure (HPg). It is the driving force that______________ water and some dissolved solutes out of the glomerulus and into the capsular space of the renal corpuscle. It is the HPg that promotes filtration
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"pushes"
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48 What is the factor that favors filtrate formation from forming at the glomerulus?
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
Blood pressure in the glomerulus is called the glomerular hydrostatic (blood) pressure (HPg). It is the driving force that "pushes" water and some dissolved solutes out of the glomerulus and into the ____________ of the renal corpuscle. It is the HPg that promotes filtration
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
Blood pressure in the glomerulus is called the glomerular hydrostatic (blood) pressure (HPg). It is the driving force that "pushes" water and some dissolved solutes out of the glomerulus and into the ____________ of the renal corpuscle. It is the HPg that promotes filtration
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capsular space
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48 What is the factor that favors filtrate formation from forming at the glomerulus?
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
Blood pressure in the glomerulus is called the glomerular hydrostatic (blood) pressure (HPg). It is the driving force that "pushes" water and some dissolved solutes out of the glomerulus and into the capsular space of the renal corpuscle. It is the HPg that ___________.
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
Blood pressure in the glomerulus is called the glomerular hydrostatic (blood) pressure (HPg). It is the driving force that "pushes" water and some dissolved solutes out of the glomerulus and into the capsular space of the renal corpuscle. It is the HPg that ___________.
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promotes filtration
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48 What is the factor that favors filtrate formation from forming at the glomerulus?
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
Two pressures oppose ____________and thus oppose filtration. They are the blood colloid osmotic pressure and capsular hydrostatic pressure.
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
Two pressures oppose ____________and thus oppose filtration. They are the blood colloid osmotic pressure and capsular hydrostatic pressure.
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glomerular hydrostatic pressure
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48 What is the factor that favors filtrate formation from forming at the glomerulus?
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
Two pressures oppose glomerular hydrostatic pressure and thus oppose filtration. They are the _______________ and _________________.
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
Two pressures oppose glomerular hydrostatic pressure and thus oppose filtration. They are the _______________ and _________________.
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blood colloid osmotic pressure and capsular hydrostatic pressure
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48 What is the factor that favors filtrate formation from forming at the glomerulus?
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
- ________________ opposes filtration because it tends to pull or draw fluids back into the glomerulus.
- is the osmotic pressure exerted by the blood due to the dissolved solutes it contains. The most important of these solutes are the plasma proteins (colloid).
- The typical value is 32 mm Hg. This is very similar to the colloid osmotic pressure of 26 mm Hg within other systemic capillaries.
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
- ________________ opposes filtration because it tends to pull or draw fluids back into the glomerulus.
- is the osmotic pressure exerted by the blood due to the dissolved solutes it contains. The most important of these solutes are the plasma proteins (colloid).
- The typical value is 32 mm Hg. This is very similar to the colloid osmotic pressure of 26 mm Hg within other systemic capillaries.
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Blood colloid osmotic pressure (OPg)
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48 What is the factor that favors filtrate formation from forming at the glomerulus?
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
- The presence of this filtrate impedes the movement of additional fluid from the blood into the capsular space and thus it also opposes filtration. A typical value is 18 mm Hg.
- is the pressure in the glomerular capsule due to the amount of filtrate already within the capsular space.
47 What is the chief force pushing water and solutes across the filtration membrane called?
- The presence of this filtrate impedes the movement of additional fluid from the blood into the capsular space and thus it also opposes filtration. A typical value is 18 mm Hg.
- is the pressure in the glomerular capsule due to the amount of filtrate already within the capsular space.
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Capsular hydrostatic pressure (HPc)
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17. What is the most important force causing net water flow across capillary walls?
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hydrostatic pressure of capillary blood
