11. TURNING POINTS IN HUMAN HISTORY – Flashcards
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The world's population today is more than 7 billion people living _____________________.
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anywhere on the earth
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Trace historic reasons for the increase in global populations by selecting all correct answers.
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Around 8,000 BC people learned to farm and raise animals. In the 15th century, plants from the Americas were taken to Europe to provide new foods. Life expectancy increased with treatment for diseases.
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What was an effect of the discovery of the New World in the late fifteenth century?
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global exchange of plant life
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Which of the following could affect the human population?
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A deadly virus emerges that can pass from human to human. A civil war breaks out in Italy.
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The forced transport of Africans to the Americas as part of the Atlantic slave trade was an example of which factor affecting population?
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international migration
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In 2004, a tsunami affected the population of _____.
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Asia
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Why is most of the growth in global population seen in developing countries?
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Due to sanitation and agricultural advances, yet poverty and lack of family planning.
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In the 1970s, how did the Chinese government seek to limit the country's population growth?
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by encouraging families to have one child each
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From this lesson, in what ways have some nations tried to educate their populations regarding the number of children that couples have?
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by producing posters by creating television ads
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If most of the population growth in the future is expected to take place in developing countries, predict what effects this will likely have.
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People in these countries will live in poverty. There will be an increase in demand for access to basic goods and services.
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An infectious disease outbreak that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a large number of the population is called a(n):
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Pandemic
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Deadly pandemics have claimed lives around the world for hundreds of years with the most recent influenza pandemic being
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The Spanish Flu of 1918
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Why did the 1918 outbreak of the Spanish flu cause so many deaths?
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The influenza virus was a strain to which people had no immunity.
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An account of the first recorded pandemic in human history was written by _____.
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Thucydides
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While the threat of future pandemics is present, how can countries prepare to protect their population? Select all correct responses.
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Invest in vaccine research Maintain a supply of anti-viral medications Create an alert system (Partial)
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A group of volunteers in San Francisco began making a quilt in 1987 to honor their friends and family members who had died of _____.
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AIDS
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Where have the highest number of HIV infections been reported?
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Sub-Saharan Africa
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What is likely to happen to a country's economy if its population is affected by a disease pandemic?
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Economic productivity would decline.
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HIV is the virus that causes ________________.
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AIDS
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What is the most deadly viral disease that scientists know of?
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Ebola
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Experts predict that a future disease outbreak will spread _______________ because much of the world's population lives in crowded urban areas.
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Rapidly
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How did the Industrial Revolution change society? Select all the correct responses.
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People moved from rural areas into cities to be closer to factories. Disease spread easily with people living closer together. Educational facilities were needed so workers would learn to read and write. Housing for workers was needed.
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What new technologies can be used as forces for good as well as for evil?
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artificial intelligence biomedical technologies agricultural technologies drones
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Which of the following explains how medical technology is changing our modern society?
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the use of tissue and organ transplants the use of laser technologies to avoid open-heart surgery
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There were widespread agrarian societies during the _______ era.
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Neolithic
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Hierarchical societies became more organized during the ________ era.
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Neolithic
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A characteristic of this era was the introduction of pottery.
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Mesolithic
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What are three characteristics of the agricultural revolution?
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New tools made it possible for more crops to be grown. Larger cities became a reality. Farmers learned to control water through wells and canals.
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Match the inventor with his invention.
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1. Fox Talbot- photographs 2. Isaac Singer- sewing machine 3. Etienne Lenoir- gasoline engine 4. Alfred Nobel- dynamite 5. Wilhelm Roentgen- x-rays
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In what areas did major changes take place during the Industrial Revolution?
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mining manufacturing textiles
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What are three characteristics of the Agricultural Revolution?
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Larger cities became a reality. New tools made it possible for more crops to be grown. Farmers learned to control water through canals and wells.
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Which of the following is an "old" country and has a declining population?
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Japan
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Pandemics are a spread of disease covering ________________________.
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a very wide geographic area
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Which of the following could affect the human population?
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An ethnic war breaks out in Eastern Europe. A deadly virus starts a pandemic.
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In the sixth century, an outbreak of ____________ killed forty percent of Constantinople's population.
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bubonic plague
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Which of the following are examples of pandemics?
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The Spanish flu that broke out in 1918. The bubonic plague that swept across Europe in the mid-1300s.
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The Industrial Revolution saw many people moving from the ________ to the ________.
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rural areas, urban areas
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In history, what altered the development and population of sub-Saharan Africa?
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The Atlantic slave trade.
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All of the following are considered major turning points in human history except:
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exploration
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The World Health Organization has the goals of which of the following for global health?
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preparedness awareness detection alert systems vaccine research
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The agency that collects data that focuses on people, such as population, income, and age, is the ______.
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U.S. Census Bureau
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What has been an effect of the AIDS pandemic?
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There has been a decline in economic productivity in countries affected by AIDS.
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To find environmental health information, you would use which governmental agency?
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U.S. Geological Survey
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What types of data does the U.S. Census Bureau collects?
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public education finances employment growth population density poverty distribution
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Natural Philosophy was a switch from what worldview?
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medieval
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This period formed the foundation of the modern world:
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French Revolution to World War I
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Which statement best defines an entrepreneur?
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Businessperson increases industrial production during the Industrial Revolution.
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Which event opened Asian countries to trade with Europe?
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Opium wars
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Which is not characteristic of the military and fiscal revolution?
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Countries used unfavorable trade treaties.
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Which term best describes a country formed on a shared culture, history, and language?
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nationalism
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Which of the following factors is not responsible for European dominance in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries?
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shift of military power away from European countries
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To establish the People's Republic of China in 1949, a revolution occurred. What political background was successful for the new People's Republic of China?
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Chinese Communists
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What was an immediate cause of the 1789 French Revolution?
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a financial crisis
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What was the immediate cause of the Springtime of the Peoples?
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a revolution in france
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Who is a Nicaraguan national hero?
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Augusto César Sandino
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By invoking the image of past national heroes, revolutionaries can_____.
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gain support for their movement
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Nationalism rejects _____.
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foreign influences
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Which of Marx and Engle's ideas were influencial in the 1917 Russian Revolution? Choose all correct reponses.
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They wrote of all property being used for the benefit of all the society's members. They wrote of a society in which social classes and the state disappear. (partial)
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A system of ideas is called _____.
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an ideology
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What form of government did the 1910 Chinese Revolution establish?
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a republic
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In Chile, who initiated the "revolution from above?"
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Salvador Allende
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The 1979 Iranian Revolution established _____.
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an Islamic republic
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Italian nationalist Garibaldi showed great perserverance by returning to Italy after a failed attempt against the Austrians, only to what?
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lead the next revolution to unify Italy
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The three forms of nationalism mentioned in this lesson are _____.
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ethnic, political, religous
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Currently, there are _________ sovereign countries in the United Nations.
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192
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The development of nation-states began _____.
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in recent times
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Two factors that make it difficult for people to retain a sense of nationalism are _____.
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globalization immigration
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What are three reasons for mass immigration today?
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famine civil wars disease
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Ethnicities wanting self governance is often a factor when seeking the status of a nation-state. An example would be the countries created following
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the fall of the soviet union
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__________ is characterized by the unregulated exchange of services and goods.
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Free Market
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According to the lesson, the economic doctrine that opposes government regulation of the economy is called _____.
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laissez-faire
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Socioeconomic status can be based on which of the following factors?
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job income education
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How did the United States stop the spread of Communism in Europe following World War II?
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by rebuilding the European economy through the Marshall Plan
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The economic system that came out on top at the end of the Cold War was _____.
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capitalism
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Pure communism has been proven to not work over the past century, while pure capitalism also has shown it needs some controls to reduce the chances of what?
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growth of monopolies and unfair trade practices
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What best defines an economic system?
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process by which people choose how to use limited resources in order to meet their needs
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of the new traditional economic system?
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The government will control the means of production.
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What is the goal of a command economic system?
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to make society more equal
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What is another term for a market economic system?
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capitalism
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Basic economic questions are answered by the central authority in which economic system?
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command economic system
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Mercantilism was based on a nation's power and wealth, which was enabled by the _____.
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amount of precious metals that could be had
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Which economic system allows for less freedoms of innovation?
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command economy
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Adam Smith wrote the famous economics book _____.
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The Wealth of Nations
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Which of the following best illustrates the traditional economic system?
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passing clothes down from older to younger brother
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Match the following terms
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1. Free Enterprise System- private ownership of capital 2. mixed economy- private and state ownership of business 3. the former Soviet Union- command economy 4. land and capital- factors of production
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Capitalism has evolved away from pure capitalism into ______________ throughout much of the world.
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mixed economy
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Stratification is _____.
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the categorization of society into social classes
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Which era saw the first domestication of animals?
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Mesolitihic
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Family planning is a service that helps couples _____.
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decide if they will have children or how many children they will have
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The pandemic that ravaged Constantinople in the sixth century was called the _____.
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Justinian Plague
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A pandemic is _____.
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an infectious disease outbreak
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Advances in which three areas resulted in European countries establishing colonial empires:
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technology Industrialization labor
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The nationalist Giuseppe Garibaldi led a failed revolution to free ____________ from Austrian control in 1848.
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Italy
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What is a significant difference between Socialism and Capitalism?
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Government or a central authority owns the means of production under Socialism.
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What do all three economic systems have in common?
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Each system represents different answers to the four basic economic questions.
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Mercantilism is a form of _____.
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Capitalism
