10.4 Evidence of Evolution – Flashcards
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biogeography
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study of the distribution of organisms around the world
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Embryology
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similarities in development of embryos suggest a distant, common ancestor
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homologous structures
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features that are similar in structure in different organisms and have different functions.
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analogous structures
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Structures that perform a similar function in different organisms, but are not similar in origin.
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analogous structure
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Is NOT evidence of a common ancestor
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Vestigial Structure
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Remnant of an organ or structure that had a function in an early ancestor. Ex: Wings of ostriches, appendix in humans
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Vestigial Structure
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Did not get smaller in one individual organism. It took MANY generations for the organs to shrink.
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Vestigial Structure
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MOST IMPORTANT example of demonstrating how evolution works.
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Vestigial Structure
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Underdeveloped or unused features
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homologous structure
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Examples are the wing of a bat, and hand of a human
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analogous structure
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Wing of a bird and wing of an insect.
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Embryology
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The similar features of embryos in very different organisms suggest evolution from a distant common ancestor.
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Why fossils are important
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Their age, location and what the environment was like when the organism was alive.
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Fossils
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Fossil organisms in the bottom older layers were more primitive than those in the upper newer layers.
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Fossils
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supported Darwins concept of descent with modification
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Fossils
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Scientists can make distinct correlations between ancient organisms and modern day species.
