Zoology Mammals and Primates – Flashcards
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There are three major groups of mammals, categorized on the basis of their _____. -presence or absence of hair -method of locomotion -method of reproduction -size -habitat
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method of reproduction
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Primate evolution and behavior, such as hunting skills, have been directed in part by the development of depth perception. What anatomical change made depth perception possible? -a larger brain -location of the eyes at the front of the head -diurnal activity -the formation of compound eyes
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location of the eyes at the front of the head
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What group of mammals have (a) embryos that spend more time feeding through the placenta than the mother's nipples, (b) young that feed on milk, and (c) a prolonged period of maternal care after leaving the placenta? -Monotremata -Eutheria -Lagomorpha -Marsupiala
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eutheria
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Which of the following represents the strongest evidence that two of the three middle ear bones of mammals are homologous to certain reptilian jawbones? -They are similar in shape to the reptilian jawbones. -They are similar in size to the reptilian jawbones. -The mammalian jaw has fewer bones than does the reptilian jaw. -These bones can be observed to move from the developing jaw to the developing middle ear in mammalian embryos.
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These bones can be observed to move from the developing jaw to the developing middle ear in mammalian embryos.
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Which of these would a paleontologist most likely do to determine if a fossil represents a reptile or a mammal? -Look for the mammalian characteristics of a four-chambered heart and a diaphragm. -Use molecular analysis to look for the protein keratin. --Examine the teeth. -Look for the presence of milk-producing glands.
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Look for the presence of milk-producing glands
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Female birds lay their eggs, thereby facilitating flight by reducing weight. Which "strategy" seems most likely for female bats to use to achieve the same goal? -limit litters to a single embryo -feed multiple embryos internally using placentas -refrain from flying throughout pregnancy (about six weeks long) -give birth to underdeveloped young, and subsequently carry them in a pouch that has teats
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limit litters to a single embryo
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Unlike eutherians, both monotremes and marsupials _____. -lay eggs -are found in Australia and Africa -have some embryonic development outside the uterus -lack nipples
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have some embryonic development outside the uterus
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Which of the following statements about the geographic distribution of marsupials is accurate? --they occur in Australia and the Americas -they occur only in Africa -they occur only in Australia and New Guinea -they occur on all continents except Antarctica
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they occur in Australia and the Americas
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Which of these primate groups is most closely related to humans? -apes -Old World monkeys -lorises -prosimians -New World monkeys
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apes
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_____ are the oldest known primate group. -Apes -Prosimians -Anthropoids -Hominids -Monkeys
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prosimians
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The primates that spend the most time walking upright are the _____. -apes -prosimians -New World monkeys -hominids -Old World monkeys
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hominids
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Which of these anthropoid groups consists of primates who are mostly tree dwellers and whose forelimbs and hind limbs are about equal in length? -monkeys -hominids -prosimians -primates -apes
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monkeys
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Which of these primate groups lives in trees in Central and South America and have nostrils that are wide open and far apart? -hominids -apes -New World monkeys -anthropoids -Old World monkeys
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new world monkey
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Which of the following is true? --As metabolism increases, free radicals also increase. -There is an unknown relationship between metabolism and free radicals. -As metabolism increases, free radicals decrease. -As metabolism decreases, free radicals increase.
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As metabolism increases, free radicals also increase.
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It is currently hypothesized that bats do not get cancer for which of the following reasons? --Bat DNA has the ability to repair itself after malignant mutations. -Mitosis in bats is regulated by a different gene than other mammals. -Bat DNA cannot be damaged. -Bats produce a natural chemotoxin that destroys malignant cells.
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Bat DNA has the ability to repair itself after malignant mutations.
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What effect does white-nose syndrome have on bats? -It causes hemorrhagic bleeding. -It does severe damage to their nervous system. -It weakens their flight muscles. -It increases the amount of energy they burn.
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It increases the amount of energy they burn.
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Your aunt specializes in mustelids. Which of the following would she avoid studying? -badgers --shrews -otters -minks
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shrews
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Which of the following is true? -As metabolic rate increases, an animal must consume more food. -As metabolic rate increases, an animal must consume less food. -Metabolic rate has no effect on the amount of food an animal consumes. -Metabolic rate and food consumption in animals has an unknown relationship.
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As metabolic rate increases, an animal must consume more food.
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You are a wildlife enthusiast and would like to observe a fisher in its natural habitat. Where are you most likely to have success? -desert southwest --deep northeastern forest -eastern coastal beach -open Midwestern prairie
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deep northeastern forest
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Which of the following is most consistent among mustelids? -adult body weight --body plan -habitat -dentition
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body plan
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You discover a new species of mustelid. Which of the following will be true of this animal? -It is an omnivore -It is an herbivore. -It is a scavenger. --It is a carnivore.
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It is a carnivore
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Brachiation is the process of -moving by jumping -using your hands to mash food into mush to eat it -moving by walking on all four limbs -moving by swinging using arms
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moving by swinging using arms
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Which two ear bones are derived from jaw bones? malleus stapes incus
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malleus and incus
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Which type of teeth are not available as part of the milk teeth? molars premolars incisors canines
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molars
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Which of these are traits of mammals? Select all that apply. --hair --different kinds of teeth -ecothermic -relatively small brains --mammary glands --three ear bones
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mammary glands three ear bones hair different kinds of teeth
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What type of skull do mammals have? -diapsid -synapsid -anapsid
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synapsid
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With this type of skull, how many holes are there behind the eye? -none -three -one -two
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one
