World Literature Unit 5 – Flashcards
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Central idea which gives the story meaning; it is the interpretation of the events (plot) and persons (characters) in the story from which we learn some truth of human experience
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Theme
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Saying the opposite of what is meant
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Verbal Irony
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Contrasting what a character says and what a reader or audience knows to be true
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Dramatic Irony
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Presenting a discrepancy between appearance and reality or between expectation and fulfillment
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Irony of Situation
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The ridicule of human folly or vice with the purpose of correcting it
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Satire
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Manner in which the writer deals with his subject and the general effect it is mean to have on its audience
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Tone
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Narrative or description in which the characters, places, and other items are symbols
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Allegory
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Whom did Thomas a Kempis believe we should imitate?
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Christ
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According to a Kempis, what is the highest wisdom?
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To despise the world and aim at the kingdom of heaven
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What are the six vanities mentioned in the devotional essay of the Imitation of Christ?
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(1) to seek perishable riches and to rely on them; (2) to pursue honours and raise yourself to a high dignity; (3) to follow the lusts of the flesh and to desire that which hereafter will bring grievous punishment; (4) to wish for a long life and care little about a good life; (5) to attend only to the present life, and not to look ahead to the future life; and (6) to love what quickly passes away, and not to be hastening thither where abides everlasting joy
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In "After St. Augustine," what do sunshine, frost, storm, and calm symbolism
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Sunshine refers to a time of prosperity; frost refers to a time of difficulty; storm refers to a time of trials; and calm refers to a time of peace
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According to Brother Lawrence, what is the most excellent method of going to God?
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Doing our common business without any view of pleasing men, and purely for the love of God
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What did Brother Lawrence believe that is "the end we ought to propose to ourselves" to become in this life?
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"The most perfect worshippers of God we can possibly be, as we hope to be through all eternity"
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How did Brother Lawrence think a Christian should react to the troubles and temptations which come from men?
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The Christian should submit himself to them and "bear them as long as God pleases," recognizing them "as things highly advantageous to us."
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What are the three words of strength in Friedrich con Schiller's poem?
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Hope, faith and love
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What does the word excelsior mean?
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What does the word excelsior mean?
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In the poem "Excelsior," what were the situations that might have kept the youth from continuing his journey up the mountain?
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(1) the sight if the warm comfortable homes (2) an old man's warning of a storm, (3) a maiden's love, (4) a peasant's warning of an avalanche, (5) the prayers of monks
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Did the youth accomplish his goal of going "still higher"?
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Yes, he apparently reached his goal in heaven after he died
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Who taught earnest about the Great Stone Face?
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His mother
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What was the prophecy regarding the Great Stone Face?
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That a child would be born who was destined to become the greatest and noblest personage of his time, and that in manhood he would look exactly like the great stone
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Who was the first person thought to be the fulfilment of the prophecy?
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Mr. Gathergold
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What happened to him?
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He lost his wealth and died in obscurity
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Who was the second person though to be the fulfilment of the prophecy?
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Old Blood-and-Thunder
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Who was the third person though to be the fulfilment of the prophecy?
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Old Stony Phiz
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Why was Old Stony Phiz the saddest of Ernest's disappointments?
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Because the man did resemble the Great Stone Face, but he lacked the "high purpose" necessary for an exact resemblance
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Who declared that Ernest was most like the stone face?
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The poet
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According to the poem "Deserve it," what does one have to do to "gain a name"?
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Deserve it
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What consolation does the poet give to those who work hard but are not recognized for it?
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God sees our work
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What is the theme of "Work"?
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To view our work as a blessing from God
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What did the Gessler brothers do for a living?
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They made boots
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What was so extraordinary about the boots they made?
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The boots were exceptionally made and lasted a long time
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What happened to the Gessler brothers' business
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The lost customers because they would not modernize their business and hire more workers. They could not keep up with other boot companies and ultimately worked themselves to death
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What is the theme of "The Elixir"?
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Love for God is an "elixir" that can make the smallest tasks meaningful
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What is a verger?
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An employee who takes care of the interior of the church
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Why did Albert Edward Foreman lose his position as verger?
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He couldn't read
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What did Foreman decide to do after he left the church?
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Open a tobacco shop
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What is the ironic ending of this story?
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He made a fortune, but couldn't read; however, had he been able, he would have been remained verger for life
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In "My Father's Hands," what had the father never learned to do?
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Read and write
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How did the father die?
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He has a heart attack while trying to open a childproof pill bottle
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What did the author place in his father's coffin?
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A pocket dictionary and a gold pen set
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According to "Pleasures of Knowledge," what is better than riches
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Knowledge
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The miracle of genius is actually the miracle of what?
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Labour (gathering knowledge)
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What are the "ways" mentioned in the poem "The Ways"?
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The high way, the low way, and the middle way
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What were Much-Afraid's two physical defects?
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A crooked face and crooked legs
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To what family did Much-Afraid belong?
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The Fearings
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Why did Much-Afraid want hinds feet?
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So that she could go to the High Places
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What did the Shepherd plan in Much-Afraid's heart?
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The seed of love
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Who kept Much-Afraid from responding to the Shepherd's call?
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Her Fearing relatives
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Where did Much-Afraid find the Shepherd waiting for her?
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At the trysting-place
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"If you would understand Christ's words fully and taste them truly, you must strive to form your whole life after His pattern"
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Of the Imitation of Christ
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"Thus grave these lessons on thy soul, Hope, faith, and love; and thou shalt find Strength when life's surges rudest roll Light when thou else wert blind."
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Three Words of Strength
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"If Fortune's smile so faintly beam That you can scarce preserve it, Remember, there is One above, Who knows that you deserve it!"
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Deserve It!
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"This is my work; my blessing, not my doom; Of all who live, I am the one by whom This work can best be done in the right way."
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Work
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"Teach me, my God and King, In all things Thee to see, And what I do in any thing To do it for Thee."
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The Elixir
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Boy who grew up to be like the Great Stone Face
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Ernest
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Wealthy merchant
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Mr. Gathergold
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General admired for his outstanding war record
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Old Blood-and-Thunder
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Statesman
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Old Stony Phiz
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German bootmaker who made boots of the highest quality
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Mr. Gessler
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Former verger of St. Peter's, Neville's Square, who made a fortune selling tobacco
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Albert Edward Foreman
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Crippled girl who wanted to go to the High Places with the Chief Shepherd
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Much-Afraid
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Pastured his sheep in the Valley of Humiliation and employed many people in his service
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Chief Shepherd
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Much-Afraid's friends and fellow workers
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Mercy and Peace
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Much-Afraid's aunt who raised her
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Mrs. Dismal Forebodings
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Cousin the Fearings wanted Much-Afraid to marry
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Craven Fear
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Fearing cousins
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Gloomy and Spiteful
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Much-Afraid's neighbour who rescued her from the Fearings
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Mrs. Valiant
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Who wrote "Of the Imitation of Christ"
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Thomas a Kempis
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What was Thomas a Kempis's occupation?
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He was a monk
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Who wrote "The Practice of the Presence of God"?
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Brother Lawrence
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Who wrote "Three Words of Strength"?
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Friedrich von Schiller
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Who is considered to be the greatest of all German dramatists?
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Friedrich von Schiller
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Who wrote "Excelsior"?
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Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
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Who built a reputation as the most popular American poet of the 1800s?
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Longfellow
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Who is the only American poet to have his bust placed in the Poet's Corner of Westminster Abbey?
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Longfellow
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Who wrote "The Great Stone Face"?
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Nathaniel Hawthorne
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Where was Hawthorne born?
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Salem, Massachusetts
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Who wrote "The House of the Seven Gables" and "The Scarlet Letter"?
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Hawthorne
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Who write "Work"?
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Henry Van Dyke
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Who wrote "The Elixir"?
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George Herbert
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Who painted "Sisyphus"?
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Titian
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Who painted "Saving Grace"?
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Jean-Baptiste Chardin
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What country was Chardin from?
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France
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Who painted "The Surrender of Breda"?
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Diego Velazquez
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Who painted Peasant Wedding?
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Pieter Bruegel the Elder
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What artist is known for painting scenes of simple peasant life?
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Pieter Brugel the Elder
