Honors Semester 1 Final Exam-People You Should Know – Flashcards
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Abraham
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Started Judaism+Monotheism
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Akhenaton
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Egyptian Pharaoh who tried to change main God from Amon-Re to Aton
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Alexander the Great
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Macedonian military genius who lead army east to conquer more land east than anyone before him-started Helenism-mix of cultures
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Aryans
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Nomadic people in India who moved into Europe; led by chiefs called rajahs; wrote the Vedas
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Tycho Brahe
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Provided Evidence supporting Heliocentric Universe; Danish scientist
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John Cabot
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Venetian navigator who found fishing grounds off Newfoundland and claimed them for England
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Caesar Augustus
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Ocatvian; builds stable Roman Government; began Roman Empire
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John Calvin
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Stated Calvinism; predestination; Frech but worked in Geneva Switzerland; theocracy-government by religious officials
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Howard Carter
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Found tomb of Kind Tut
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Jaques Cartier
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Discovered St. Laurence River; sailed the coast of Canada
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Catherine the Great
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Embraced Western Ideas; Russian Monarch
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Charlemagne
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"Charles the Great"; fought Muslims; Holy Roman Emperor; created Christian Europe
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Charles I
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Signed the Petition of Right, Ignored Parliament; made many enemies; made enemies; executed; started civil
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Charles II
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very popular King of England; reestablishes the Church of England; tolerates Protestants
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Christopher Columbus
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Born in Genoa; Discovered the Americas while sailing for Spain
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Confucius
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Developed Confucianism and philosophy-a way of thinking
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Nicolas Copernicus
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Published "On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres"; created idea of heliocentricity
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Hernan Cortes
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Spanish Conquistador who conquered the Aztecs
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Vasco Da Gama
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Portugese navigator that led ships around Cape of Good Faith; Got to Indian port of Calicut
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Arthur Evans
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discovered Knossos/Thera on Crete and Minoan Civilization
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Frederick the Great
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Fredrick II; Made prussia a major world power; great military leader
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Galileo
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Assembled first telescope; tried by the Inquisition; proved Heliocentricity
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Genghis Khan
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Mongol Emperor; "Universal Ruler"; united tribes to create Mongol Empire
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Hammurabi
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King of the Babylonian empire; creator of the Code of Hammurabi, one of the world's oldest codes of law.
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Hanfeizi
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founder of legalism and believed that harsh punishments were the only way to control people
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Henry VIII
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Created Church of England; executed Wives;
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Henry Hudson
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English Navigator; tried to find the northwest passage; Hudson Bay
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James II
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Catholic; appointed Catholics to High Office; Parliament Overthrew him to prevent change to Roman Catholic Church; fled to France but caught
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Jesus
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Christianity; claimed he was Messiah; told about in Gospels; crucified
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Julis Caesar
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Dictator of Rome; made reforms to better Rome; murdered by Senators
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Johannes Kepler
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Used Brahe's work to calculate orbits of plates around the sun; discovered that plants move in ellipses
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John Knox
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Calvinist preacher; led rebellion overthrowing Catholic Queen in Scottland
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Laozi
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Created Doaism; wrote the Doa De Jing; believed in living in Harmony with Nature
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Louis XIV
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became monarch of France at 5; built Palace of Versailles; appointed officials to oversee overseas trading and colonies; gained control over North Amerca; Believed God had chosen him to be Monarch
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Martin Luther
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Started Protestant Refromation; Wrote 95 thesis; Lutherism
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Magellan
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First man to circumnavigate the entire earth; renamed the Pacific Ocean
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Mansa Musa
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Greatest ruler of Mali in Africa; Peace + Order; took Hajj to Mecca
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Marie Theresa
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Daughter of Charles VI in Austria; fought War of Austrian Succession
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Moses
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Renews God's covenant with Abraham for Israelites; 10 Commandments; spent 40 years in desert
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Muhammad
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Born in Mecca; Created Islam
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Guru Nanek
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Created Sikhism; Combined Islam and Hindu Beliefs
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Paul
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Started Roman Catholic Church; Apostle of Jesus
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Peter the Great
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Put Russia on path to becoming a world power; westernized Russia; expanded Russia
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Philip II
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Expanded Spanish Influence; strengthened Catholic Church; as absolute Ruler of Spain
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Francisco Pizarro
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Slaughtered Incans; took over Incan Empire
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Heinrich Schliemann
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German Businessman who excavated Troy using Homers the Odyssey
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Siddhartha Gautama
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Started Buddhism; Born in India
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Zoroaster
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Persian Thinker; United Persia; Rejected Persian Gods
