World History DE Chapter 13 SG – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
In the year 1500, the social and economic prospects of Europe were:
answer
rising, spurred by commercial expansion and a new religious enthusiasm among the laity
question
Martin Luther's family background was the German:
answer
peasantry; his father leased mines
question
Martin Luther first entered the University of Erfurt to study:
answer
Law
question
Martin Luther joined the __________________ monastic order.
answer
Augustinian
question
As a young monk, Luther:
answer
was the fearful that he could never do enough good deeds to deserve salvation
question
Luther's doctrine of "justification by faith" meant that:
answer
humans are saved by their faith in God's grace, not by the works they do
question
Luther believed that works of piety and charity were:
answer
the natural outgrowth of justification and Christian devotion
question
The Church taught that indulgences worked to reduce the penance that the individual owed to God:
answer
by drawing on the good deeds of martyrs and saints from the Treasury of Merits
question
Luther's Ninety-five theses objected primarily to the:
answer
idea that people could skip confessing their sins if they bought an indulgence
question
One reason why Luther was able to win great public support for his position was the introduction of:
answer
printed pamphlets to disseminate his views
question
Following his own advice to other former priests and monks, Martin Luther married former nun:
answer
Katharina von Bora
question
Although Luther's disputes with the Church generally dealt with matters of doctrine, he also had disputes with the papacy itself over:
answer
the lifestyles of the popes themselves
question
Luther's confrontation with Charles V at the Diet of Worms demonstrated:
answer
the Holy Roman Emperor's attempt to preserve one of the major unifying institutions of his far-flung empire -- the Church
question
Aside from religious motivations, many free cities in the Holy Roman Empire found Lutheranism appealing because:
answer
town councils and guild masters could use reforms as a way to oppose local aristocrats and bishops
question
The term Protestant was first used after:
answer
Lutherans protested the action of the German Imperial Diet of 1529
question
In Switzerland, Protestant reforms were usually imposed by:
answer
leading citizens
question
In contrast to Lutherans, Zwinglians, and Calvinists, Anabaptists:
answer
believed that only adults should be baptized, not children
question
John Calvin's most famous theological work was entitled:
answer
Institutes of the Christian Religion
question
Calvin's theology emphasized first and foremost:
answer
the sovereignty and omnipotence of God
question
Under Calvin's guidance, Geneva's government can best be described as:
answer
a theocracy
question
The main function of the Calvinist Consistory of Geneva was to:
answer
supervise public and private morals
question
After 1525, Protestantism was "domesticated" by becoming more politically conservative and by
answer
the patriarchal family as the central institution of reformed life
question
During the sixteenth century, in both Protestant and Catholic countries, marriage practices changed so as to encourage:
answer
more parental control over their children's choice of marriage partners
question
When Henry VIII broke with the Church of Rome, it was over his desire to marry:
answer
Anne Boleyn
question
Why would Clement VII not permit King Henry VIII of England to divorce Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn?
answer
because Catherine's nephew, Emperor Charles V, controlled Rome at the time and disapproved of Henry's request for a divorce
question
The first English monarch to enforce Protestant theology in the English church was:
answer
King Edward VI
question
Queen Elizabeth I offended some extreme Protestants by:
answer
retaining church government by bishops
question
At the Council of Trent, the Catholic Church:
answer
reaffirmed almost all of the doctrines that Protestants criticized
question
Loyola's Spiritual Exercises offers an interesting contrast to Luther's writings because in Loyola's work:
answer
Christians can master their will and work toward their salvation
question
One of the most famous mystics who aided in the reform of the Church in the sixteenth century was:
answer
Teresa of Avila
