World History Chapter 31 Review – Flashcards
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passed by congress on June 4, 1919 and ratified on August 18, 1920; granted women the right to vote
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19th amendment
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AAA 1933
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Agriculture Adjustment Administration
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Germany, Italy, and Japan
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Axis powers
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congress changed to hand over heart on December 22, 1942
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Bellamy Salute
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a newspaper editor and politician who promised to rescue Italy by reviving its economy and rebuilding its armed forces
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Benito Mussolini
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temporary alliance of several political parties
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Coalition Government
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a photographer and "migrant mother"
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Dorothea Lange
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German philosopher who dismissed reason, democracy and progress as empty ideas
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Freidrich Nietzsche
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How did inflation cause crisis in Germany?
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unlike Britain and France, Germany did not increase taxes during war; Germans printed more money; bread prices went from under 1 mart in 1918 to 200 billion in 1923
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How much money did it take to stabilize the economy?
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200 million from American banks
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In 1932, what happened to factories?
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they cut their production in half; 9 million people lost money in banks
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treaty of no war, had no means to enforce provisions, no armed forces
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Kellogg-briand pact
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laws stripped German Jews of citizenship and forbade Jews and German non Jews to marry or have kids/relations
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Nuremberg laws 1935
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German empire
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Third Reich
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government of Germany after the war in 1919
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Weimar republic
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What did Freidrich Nietzsche urge people to do?
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urged people to return to values of pride, assertiveness and strength
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What did Sigmund Freud claim?
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human behavior is not based on reason
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What happened on October 29, 1929?
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stock prices decline rapidly and market collapses as prices bottom out
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which term is used to define the alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan?
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Axis powers
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Who became the Nazi party leader?
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Hitler; he plotted to seize national power
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Who did Japan launch war on in 1937?
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China
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Who does Hitler annex in 1938?
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Austria
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Who was the first person to successfully complete solo Atlantic flight?
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Charles Lindbergh
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Why did the fed raise interest rates in the spring of 1928?
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to slow stock speculation and gold leaving country; led to recession and economic decline
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scientist who developed the theory of relativity
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Albert Einstein
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militant political movement that emphasized loyalty to the state and obedience to its leader
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Fascism
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secret police
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Gestapo
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Severe economic downturn that followed the collapse of the U.S. stock market in 1929
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Great Depression
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When money loses its value, so you need more money to pay for the same thing
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Inflation
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night of broken glass; November 8, 1938 Nazi mobs attacked Jews in their homes and on the street
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Kristallnacht
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German brand of Fascism
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Nazism
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physician who exposed the workings of the unconscious mind
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Sigmund Freud
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an anti communist and anti democratic party
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Nazi Party
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idea that as moving objects approach the speed of light, time and space become relative
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Theory of relativity
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outlined Hitler's plans for attacking power; blames Jews for all problems; claims Germans or Aryans as the "master race" and eliminated democracy
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Mein Kampf
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What does Hitler demand from Czechoslovakia?
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the Sudetenland; they refuse and ask France for help
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American vessels need a license to carry arms and restrict Americans from sailing on ships from hostile nations; embargo on sale or arms to "belligerent" nations and increase patrol of water around America for subs
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1935 neutrality acts
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political leader who became the Fascist leader of Germany
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Adolf Hitler
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After WWI, most euro nations had what type of government?
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democratic
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first woman to make a long solo flight
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Amelia Earhart
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giving in to keep the peace
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appeasement
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artists ant to depict inner world of mind; es: cubism (geometric forms)
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artists rebel against tradition
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CCC 1933
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Civilian Conservation Corps
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philosophy that says each person must take meaning in a world that has no universal meaning
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existentialism
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Spain's Fascist dictator
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Francisco Franco
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32nd president who was president of the U.S. during the depression
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Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR)
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Germany and France signed a treaty that stated what?
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no more war, similar to the kellogg-briand pact
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How did Germany recover from inflation?
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in 1923, they recovered with loans
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How was Fascism similar to communism?
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both having dictators who only allowed their own party, no individual rights
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How was German unemployment ended?
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with public works programs, highway buildings, and massive increase in arms production
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inflation that is very high and out of control; prices increase so fast and by enormous amounts
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Hyperinflation
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belief that political ties with other countries should be avoided
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Isolationism
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James Joyce used this literary technique to present characters thoughts and feelings
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Stream of Conscience
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"living space"
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Lebensraum
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meeting of world powers in 1938 that allowed Hitler to take part of Czechoslovakia
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Munich conference
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FDR's program for creating jobs and improving the American economy
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New Deal
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art movement in which dreamlike world, outside of reality is portrayed or evoked
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Surrealism
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What did British voters elect to avoid political extremes?
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Coalition Governments
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What did Fascists believe?
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nations must struggle, peaceful states were doomed to be conquered
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What did frequent change in government create?
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Instability
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What did military leaders want to solve in Japan?
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wanted to solve economic problems through foreign expansion
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What did people have little experience with?
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representative government making some countries form coalition governments
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What did the feds do that really hurt businesses?
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raised rates again to prevent loss of gold, slowed business
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What happened as a result of the Fed not loaning money to banks
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by March of 1933 half of all U.S. banks had failed
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What happened because of FDR's new deal?
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large public works projects helped provide jobs, regulations were placed on stock market and public confidence in our government began to rise
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What helps the Scandinavian countries recover?
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public works programs
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What is the federal reserve?
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isn't part of the federal government; it performs functions related to managing U.S. economy (accepts deposits, determines interest rates for loans; fast and cheap)
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what is the musical style with a sense of the new freedom of post war years?
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jazz
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What is the name of the art movement that incorporates unconscious mind?
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surrealism
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what percentage of people were unemployed or underemployed during the Great Depression?
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50%
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What percent was unemployed in 1935?
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25%
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What was Amelia Earhart known as?
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"Lady Lindy"
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What was the goal of the U.S. isolationists after WWI?
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political ties
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What was the Weimar republic government like?
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had serious weaknesses and public blamed it for war loss and mistreatment in Treaty of Versailles
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Where did Japan have investments?
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Manchuria
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Where did the leaders meet to settle Czech crisis?
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met at Munich Conference
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Which was true of Germany, Italy, and Japan in the early 1930's?
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they all successfully invaded another country
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Who headed the committee to recover from inflation?
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American banker Charles Dawes
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Who is the lost generation writer who wrote the Great Gatsby?
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F. Scott Fitzgerald
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Who rebelled during the Spanish civil war and later becomes Spain's fascist dictator
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Francisco Franco 1936
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Who was il duce?
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Bennito Mussolini
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WPA 1935
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Works Progress Administration
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world splits into two camps
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democratic and totalitarian
