World History Chapter 13 Sections 1-2 – Flashcards
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what were some of the effects of the germanic invasions?
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disruption of trade, downfall of cities, population shifts, the decline of learning, loss of a common language
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explain the new ideas about government?
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Germanic people lived in small communities that were governed by unwritten rulers and traditions.
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where did the new society of the middle ages emerge from?
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1. the heritage of rome 2. the beliefs of the roman catholic church 3. the customs of various germanic tribes
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what role did Pope Gregory I have in expanding the power of the church?
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the papacy became a secular, worldly, power in politics
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what did the term "major doom" mean?
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the mayor of the palace
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how did Charlemagne extend Frankish Rule?
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-he strengthened his power by limiting the authority of the nobles -encouraged learning -opened a palace school -ordered monasteries to open schools to train future monks and priests
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what was the treaty of verdun?
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dividing the empire into 3 kingdoms
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what was important about crowning charlemagne emperor?
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signaled the joining of germanic power, the church and the heritage of the roman empire
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how did feudalism emerge?
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from the widespread disorder of suffering to the invaders
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what does feudalism mean?
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the system of governing and land owning
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explain the structure of feudalism?
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kings, nobles, church officials, knights, peasants
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what was the role of the manor system?
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basic economic arrangement
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how did religion support the feudal system?
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church reinforced gods plan
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what was a tithe?
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church tax
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what percentage of a peasant's weekly income went to the church?
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1/10
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explain why the serfs accepted their economic hardship?
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because they were told it was gods plan
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describe the feudal social classes?
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those who fights (nobles/ knights), those who pray (monks, nuns, leaders of the church), those who work (peasants)
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who were the invaders of western europe?
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muslims, mogyers, vikings
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who was charles martel?
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mayor of the palace, held more power than the king, defeated muslim raiders from Spain at the Bottle of Tours in 732 (made him a christian hero)
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what played a key role in spreading christianity?
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politics
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what does middle ages mean?
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the middvil period
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what is a monastery?
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religious communities
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what is a lord?
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landowner
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what is fief?
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land grant
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who can receive a fief?
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lords, church, vassals, kings, knights
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what was the difference a serf and a peasant?
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surfs can't leave their land, can't be sold and a peasant can come and go and can be sold. surfs owed the village priest a tithe
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what does self-sufficient mean?
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independence
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germanic people that held power
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the franks
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the family that would rule the franks from 751 to 987
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carolingian dynasty
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known as Charles the great and ruled the kingdom
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Charlemagne
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what is a knight?
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mounted horsemen who pledged to defend their lords' in exchange for fiefs
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what is a vassal?
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the person receiving the fief
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what is a manor?
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the lords estate
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what is a serf?
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people who could not lawfully leave the place where they were born
