World History Chapter 12 Notes – Flashcards
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When was the Byzantine Empire active?
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395- 1483 CE
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Who was the prominent husband-wife ruling team of the Byzantine Empire?
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Justinian and Theodora
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What 3 main things did Justinian and Theodora accomplish?
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reconquering Western Roman Empire, Nika Revolt, and Justinian's Code
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What were the 2 main reasons that the Roman Empire fell?
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no food and population too large
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What happened after the "fall" of the Roman Empire?
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emperors with different ethnicities
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Name the 3 Germanic tribes who invaded the Byzantine Empire?
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Ostragoths, Vandals, and Visagoths
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Which emperor was more powerful: Byzantine or Roman?
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Byzantine
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What did the Romans want to do about the Germans in the Byzantine Empire?
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contain them
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What was all Byzantine art and architecture influenced by?
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Christianity
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Why did so many chapels exist?
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public figures gaining status
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What type of art formed was reinvented during the Byzantine Empire's rule?
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mosaics
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Pope is church doctrine: Roman Catholic or Orthodox?
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Roman Catholic
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Church council is church doctrine: Roman Catholic or Orthodox?
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Orthodox
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Services in Latin: Roman Catholic or Orthodox?
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Roman Catholic
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Services in Greek: Roman Catholic or Orthodox?
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Orthodox
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Clergy can't marry: Roman Catholic or Orthodox?
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Roman Catholic
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Clergy can marry: Roman Catholic or Orthodox?
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Orthodox
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What caused the split between Roman Catholic and Orthodox?
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icons
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What is the split between Roman Catholic and Orthodox in 1054 CE called?
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The Great Schism
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After the fall of Rome, who arose in Europe?
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Germanic tribes
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How many small kingdoms were developed in Europe in the 400s?
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7
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How did Christianity spread to Anglo-Saxon England?
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Augustine of Canterbury and monks converted people in Kent
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Who did the Anglo-Saxons unite under?
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Alfred the Great
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What was Alfred the Great king of?
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Wessex
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What forces did Alfred the Great and the Anglo-Saxons push back to the north?
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The Danes
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What did Alfred the Great eventually become?
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Ruler of England
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Who took over Gaul in the 400s?
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The Franks
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Who were the Franks led by?
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Clovis
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In 496 CE, what did Clovis and 3,000 of his troops do?
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convert to Christianity
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Who increased emphasis on monasticism?
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Gregory the Great
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When was monasticism at its peak?
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The Middle Ages
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What was monasticism?
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isolated living
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What were the 2 major types of monasteries in Middle Ages Europe?
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Benedictine and Celtic
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What were the Benedictines' vows of?
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obedience and poverty
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Who were the Benedictine monasteries run by?
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chosen monk or local noble
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What 2 contributions did Benedictine monks make?
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schools and copied manuscripts
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Why did monasteries become wealthy, then powerful?
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money for prayers from nobles
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Where did Celtic monasteries develope?
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Ireland
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Who were more severe, Benedictines or Celtics?
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Celtics
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Where were Celtic monasteries built?
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small islands
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What did abbots act as?
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Celtic monastery and local leader
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Where were other active Celtic missionariess?
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British Isles
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How did the Nika Revolt end?
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military unleashed
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Why did Justinian create a new code of law?
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consistent and logical for people
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Why did the Byzantine Empire lose Roman influence?
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fell apart and Greece was closer
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When was the Byzantine Golden Age?
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500s CE
