Wht 3 – Flashcard
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What was the persion empire geographicly?
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Huge piece of land. Largest empire of the world.
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How did the Persians rule?
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They ruled with tolerance and wise governments.
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What do people say about Cyrus the great?
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"one of the many people that are call "the great" that actually deserve it"
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What did the Persians employ that previous empires didn't?
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Empires employed military force an exclusive coercive power to control a vast military empire the Persians based their empire on tolerance and diplomacy
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What type of power did Cyrus the great use in ancient Persia?
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Referent power
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How did Cyrus act when he conquered people?
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Kind
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What would Cyrus not do what he conquered people?
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He would you would never enslave any of the people and looting and burning of buildings by troops was forbidden.
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What is the definition of diplomacy?
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The art of dealing with people in a sensitive and effective way and example of this is managing internal relations.
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What did we learn about Cyrus through this quote from the Bible?
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Cyrus honored God, even though he lives in in the polytheistic culture. He was favorable towards the Jewish people and allow them to go back to Israel and rebuild the temple.
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How did Cyrus present himself when he conquered Babylon?
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As a liberator, friendly.
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How was Cyrus similar to Julius Caesar?
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They both conquered empires and did not live long enough to put them together and rule them.
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Name four of King Cyrus's accomplishments?
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1. Kind towards Babylonians established piece with them. 2. Abolishes corvee 3. Fixed broken down homes 4. Restored sanctuaries
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What does Persepolis mean?
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Person city in Greek
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Why did Darius build the city on a terrace?
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Viewed from afar, better view.
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How did Darius treat his laborers?
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Paid them according to their level of skill.
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How were the cities and Palaces adorned?
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Adorned in gold, silver, tapestries and colorful tiles
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What other major engineer features can be seen at Persepolis?
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An intricate water and draining system. underground plumbing and drain pipes.
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What does FARAVAHAR mean?
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Good thoughts.
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Name three of Darius's achievements?
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1. Replaced barter economy with a money economy (introduced coins) 2. Set up and efficient government (delegation) Darius delegates Provinces and Satraps. 3. He builds many roads.
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What is a Satrap?
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A Governor of a province in the Persian empire. A satrap was installed to rule locally in each province.
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What does barter mean?
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Trade with no money involved
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What does impulse buying mean?
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In the ancient world, what Darius is doing is a good thing. Impulse buying: Cash, credit cards. but not for our time.
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Province
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The major administrative unit of ancient Persia.
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What was the Royal Road?
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Stone road connected from Africa to India. Had little motels and rest stops along the way. Helped with their complex messaging system.
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Why do you think Persians were able to turn their thoughts into religion?
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Due to the stable empire created by Darius, as well as the personal freedom he encouraged, Persians were able to ponder the deeper meaning of life.
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What religions did said the Persians have?
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Zoroastrianism, this is what they believed in during Darius's time.
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What does Zoroaster mean?
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First nonbiblical monotheist ( more accurately a dualist)
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Dualism
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Two opposite powers in the universe
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Who is the Ahura Mazda?
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Supreme god
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Who is the Aura Mainyu?
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The God of darkness
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When men have free will
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Heven and hell
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What is the Cyrus cylinder?
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It is a physical commemoration of Cyrus the great.
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Describe Cyrus's tomb?
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36 feet very open
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Which powers create great leadership?
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Coercive power + legitimate power + referent power = great leadership
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What is an example from the tanach that tells us that the son is departing from his father's wise ways?
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In Sefer, ????? ? ?????? ????
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What is delegation?
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Delegation is the assignment of responsibility or authority to another person to carry out specific activities. Delegation empowers a subordinate to make decisions, i.e. it is a shift of decision-making.
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What is asphalt ?
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Cement
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what did Cyrus the greats tomb look like?
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36 ft and its open to all.
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What are the characteristics of ancient hero?
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sacrifice- the giving up of something highly valued for the sake of one considered to have a greater value or claim. determination- a fixed intention or resolution; a firmness or purpose to resolve. courage- the firmness of spirit and swell of soul which means danger without fear. selflessness- the quality of concern for the welfare of others and acting with less concern for themselves.
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Modern day examples of heroes that would possess all these characteristics?
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firefighters, millitary.
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cultural exchange
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happens at the same time, in the now.
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cultural diffusion
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happens over time that cultures spread and diffuse all over.
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the minoan accomplishments
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1. produced some of the finest painted pottery of all time. 2.established trade networks through which they exported their art and culture. 3.possessed a unique architectural style and religious rituals.
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The minoan diet
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they were strong and very athletic, they ate a lot of cheese , fruits and veggies.
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what qualities of an ancient hero did Theseus have?
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all four: courage, determination, selflessness, and sacrifice.
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women on crete
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1.many Minoan artworks depict women and their role in religious ceremonies. 2. a great mother earth goddess seems to have ruled over the other gods of Crete. 3. the women were in charge on Crete with religious ceremonies, men just helped out.
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sir Arthur Evans
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he helped us understand what the palace looked like. he created a glimpse of an old culture.
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what makes the palace of Knossos different and unique?
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culture, legends, the way it looked,the way it was made, interior(windows and pillars).
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what did the palace of Knossos look like?
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series of terraces grand staircase light, windows ground breaking system of doors elaborate underground drainage system first cobble roads in Europe with side walks.
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What can we see and learn from Minoan art?
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their pottery, athletic suntanned bodies. Greeks have white skin and they are not as athletic.
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Minoans trade far and wide!
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powerful seafaring people, dominated trade in eastern Mediterranean , great Minoan accomplishment.
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How did the climate of Crete influence the design of the Minoan palace?(pg.105)
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Mediterranean climate is hot and dry and the palace was designed to capture the air and light, open roofs let in sunlight(source of light) and fresh air.
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What happened to the Minoan civilization? how can a civilization just disappear?(pg.104)
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It vanished, and Archaeologists don't know how. A sudden volcanic eruption on a close island may have rained flaming death on Knossos. Or maybe an earthquake may have destroyed the palace then a tidal wave swooped in and killed all people in sight. Maybe invaders like the Mycenaean had a part in the destruction?
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The Ancient Greeks geography:
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Many islands A mountainous peninsula jutting out into the Mediterranean sea.
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Then in ancient times Greece was:
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a collection of separate lands were Greek speaking people lived .
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Now Greece is:
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a united country.
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The Mycenaean's
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settlers of the Greek mainland( first bronze age society in Europe) wealthy and powerful Warrior- Kings ruled surrounding villages and farms.
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Mycenae
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located on a steep, rocky ridge and surrounded by a thick wall.
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Why did Mycenae flourish?
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Ideally situated for trade by both sea and land.
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What was the symbol of Mycenaean power?
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the lions gate
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Mycenae lay unappreciated until _____ was discovered?
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a treasure trove of gold was discovered.
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One way to judge a societies architectural finesse is by_______
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the distance with no internal support.
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Art history Greek vase painting (pg.111)
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Unlike earlier paintings that often depicted gods or welfare, these works worked more on domestic scenes, You can tell their values , their central focus is beauty not smarts.
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Where in the legend of troy do we see the same Greek value that we identified in the story of the Minotaur?
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they both valued beauty and strength not smarts, external beauty. In the story of the Minotaur Princess Ariadne showed off her beauty, while Aphrodite promise Paris a gorgeous wife and he took her deal.
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The trojan war
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Greece (Mycenae) vs. Troy Many legends surrounding the events
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Is this legend true?
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It is way to cool to be true
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Trojan horse
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trickery/deception
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The Dorian age Dorian-
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a Greek speaking people that migrated into mainland Greece after destruction of Mycenaean civilization.
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Trade comes to a stop and the economy___________
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dies and collapses.
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writing seems to have been temporally forgotten this causes___________________
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no written records for exist for that whole time period.
