UW Micro 402 – Flashcards

nitrogen fixing

free living

Gram -

rods

aerobic

slime

cysts

gram +

rods

aerobic or facultative anaerobe

catalase +

endospore

gram +

rods

obligate anaerobes

catalase -

endospore

gram +

filamentous

sporophores

spores

geosmin- earthy smell

antibiotic production

gram -

rods to coccobacilli

oxidase -

nonmotile

gram -

slender rods

gliding motility

feed on other bacteria

complex life cycle

fruiting bodies with myxospores

Staphylococcus & Micrococcus

gram +

catalase +

salt tolerant

Micrococcaceae family

Gram +

cocci (tetrads)

catalase +

aerobic

salt tolerant

Micrococcaceae family

Staph. aureus, Staph. epidermidis, Staph. saprophyticus

Gram +

cocci (grape like formation)

catalase +

facultative anaerobes

salt tolerant

gram +

irregular rods

anaerobic to aerotolerant

catalase +

Gluconobacter & Acetobacter

gram -

rods

aerobic

grow in habitat with yeasts

"underoxidizer"

incomplete TCA cycle

ETOH -> acetic acid

motile, polar flagellum

gram -

rods

aerobic

grow in habitat with yeasts

"overoxidizer"

ETOH -> acetic acid -> CO2

oxidizes all ETOH first

motile

gram -

rods

aerobic

grow in habitat with yeasts

E. Coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella

gram -

rods

oxidative and fermentative

all ferment glucose

oxidase -

reduce nitrate to nitrite

indol +

gram -

rods

oxidative and fermentative

all ferment glucose

oxidase -

reduce nitrate to nitrite

indol -

motile

ornithine decarboxylase +

gram -

rods

oxidative and fermentative

all ferment glucose

oxidase -

reduce nitrate to nitrite

indol -

nonmotile

ornithine decarboxylase negative

gram -

rods

oxidative and fermentative

all ferment glucose

oxidase -

reduce nitrate to nitrite

gram -

motile by polar flagellum

aerobic - some respire anaerobically (obligate respirers)

oxidase +

metabolically versatile

Streptococcus, Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus

gram +

rods and cocci

only ferment (aerotolerant anaerobes)

produce lactic acid as product

require complex media

catalase -

homolactic fermentation

gram +

rods and cocci

only ferment (aerotolerant anaerobes)

produce lactic acid as product

require complex media

catalase -

coccus

heterolactic fermentation

gram +

only ferment (aerotolerant anaerobes)

produce lactic acid as product

require complex media

catalase -

homo or heterolactic

rods

gram +

only ferment (aerotolerant anaerobes)

produce lactic acid as product

require complex media

catalase -

Micrococcaceae

(micrococcus & staphylococcus)

Lactic Acid Bacteria

(streptococcus, leuconostoc, lactobacillus)

Bacillus

Clostridium

Streptomyces

Propionibacterium

Mud + CaSO4 + Cellulose + NH4 + PO4 topped w/pond water

Top remains aerobic, while the rest becomes anaerobic

Facultative heterotrophs oxidize organic matter consuming O2 and making the lower part of the column anaerobic

With light provided as an energy source, microbial community will continue to grow and persist indefinitely

cyanobacteria - aerobic, grows at top

non-sulfur purples

purple sulfers and green sulfers - oxidize H2S to S in anaerobic photosynthesis

endospores - bacillus & clostridium

cysts

myxospores

spores

Bacillus & Clostridium

when an essential nutrient becomes limiting, diferentiate into resting state cell

enrich by heating

select by growing

most resilient form of life

no metabolism

resistant to heat, drying, radiation & chemicals