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Action Verb

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This is the part of speech that shows something is being done.

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Adjective

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This is a word that modifies a noun or a pronoun.

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Adjective Clause

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This is a group of related words with a subject and predicate that acts to modify a noun or pronoun.

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Adverb

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This is a word that modifies a verb, an adverb or an adjective.

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Adverb Clause

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This is a group of related words with a subject and predicate that acts to modify a verb, adjective, or adverb.

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Affix

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This is a syllable or word element that can only occur in front of a root or stem, or at the end of a root or stem.

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Ambiguity

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This is the state of having more than one possible meaning which often leads to misunderstanding because the meaning is not clear.

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Analogy

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This is a comparison based on a similarity between things that are otherwise dissimilar.

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Antecedent

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This is the noun or pronoun to which a pronoun refers.

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Antonym

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This is a word or phrase that means the opposite of another word or phrase.

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Apostrophe

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This is used to show the possessive form of a noun and is used to show that a letter or letters have been left out of a contraction.

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Appositive

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This is a word or phrase that identifies or explains the noun that it follows.

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Base Word

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This is a word to which affixes may be added to create related words, as 'group' in 'regroup' or 'grouping'.

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Capitalization

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This is the use of letters to indicate proper nouns, or it is used at the beginning of a sentence.

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Clarify

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Reading and writing both involve the mental processing of information which must be clarified and used in ways to make this information understandable.

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Clause

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This is a group of words that has a subject and a predicate. It can be dependent or independent.

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Cognate

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These are words that have a common origin.

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Collective Noun

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This refers to a group of people or things but usually takes a singular verb form. For example: The team is on its way to victory.

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Colon

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This is a punctuation mark used before a list of items or details, before a statement that summarizes the original statement, before a long, formal quotation or statement, or in a business letter after the salutation.

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Comma

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This is a punctuation mark that may be used to indicate a pause, connection, separation, list or for clarity or to show importance.

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Comma Splice

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This is when two or more independent clauses are joined by a comma without a coordinating conjunction.

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Common Adjective

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This does not need to be capitalized and is the term given for the general description of a noun.

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Comparative Adjective

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This is used to state that one noun has more of something than the second noun. It is a modifier that relates one word to another.

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Complex Sentence

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This consists of one independent clause with one or more subordinate clauses.

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Compound Sentence

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This consists of two or more independent clauses with no subordinate clauses.

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Compound-Complex Sentence

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This consists of at least two independent clauses and at least one subordinate clause.

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Concise Wording

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This is the author's use of brevity when writing.

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Conjunction

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This is a part of speech that links two words, clauses, or phrases.

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Connotation

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This is the emotional feelings and associations that go beyond the dictionary definition of a word.

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Context

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This is the framework of meaning which surrounds a specific word, sentence, idea, or passage.

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Context Analysis

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This is a method of breaking down the meaning of a word (or phrase) by working with the text or passage in which the word is used.

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Context Clues

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These are in the text surrounding a word and give hints for the meaning of the word.

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Conventions

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In writing, this is the trait to measure standard writing and the editing processes of spelling, punctuation, grammar, capitalization, and paraphrasing.

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Coordinating Conjunction

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This is a word used to connect grammatically equal elements. These include and, but, or, nor, for, so, and yet.

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Dangling Modifiers

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These are words or phrases that do not modify ANY word in the sentence.

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Decode

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This is when we analyze a spoken or written word to discover its pronunciation or meaning.

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Denotation

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This is the dictionary definition of a word.

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Derivation

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This is the process by which a word is created from other words.

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Dictionary

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This is a reference book containing an alphabetical list of words, with information given for each word, usually including meaning, pronunciation, and etymology.

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Direct Object

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This is a noun, pronoun or word group that receives the action of verbs.

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Direct Quotation

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This is the exact repetition of someone's written or spoken words.

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Edit

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This is to correct and/or revise a piece of writing.

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Electronic Resource

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This is something that can be accessed online or by computer and is used for support or to help.

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Ellipsis Mark

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This, three spaced periods, is used to indicate that a word or words have been deleted from a direct quote.

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End Punctuation

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These are marks used to indicate the end of a sentence.

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Etymology

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This is the origin and history of a word which shows the language or languages from which it is borrowed.

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Exclamation Point

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This is used after a word or words that have special emphasis or feeling.

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Figurative Language

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This goes beyond the literal meanings of words to create special effects or feelings.

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Foreign Words

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These used in English are borrowed directly from other languages.

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Format

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This is the general plan of organization of a written work.

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General Dictionary

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This is a common reference book of words in alphabetical order including information about their meanings, pronunciation, and forms.

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Glossary

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This is a list found in the back of a book that gives definitions of unusual or hard words found in the text.

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Grammar

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This is the structure of language and the rules that go with it.

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Homonym

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This is a word that has multiple meanings and is spelled in the same way for both meanings.

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Homophones

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These are words that are pronounced the same, but have different meanings.

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Idiom

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This is a phrase in common use that can not be understood by literal or ordinary meanings.

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Implied Meaning

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This is a suggested, but not stated, definition.

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Indefinite Pronoun

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This takes the place of a noun and refers to nonspecific persons or things.

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Indirect Object

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This is a word or group of words that acts as a noun and tells to whom or what something is done.

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Infer

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This is to get a conclusion from the facts or context; to figure out what is being implied by reading between the lines.

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Inference

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This is reading between the lines. It is taking something that you read and putting it together with something that you already know to make sense of what you read.

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Interjection

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This is a word, either by itself or within the sentence, that exclaims or commands attention.

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Irregular Noun

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This is a type of noun that forms its plural by a means other than adding 's' or 'es'.

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Irregular Verb

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These are verbs that do follow standard conjugation rules.

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Linking Verb

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This is a word that connects the subject to either a noun or adjective. They are either a form of "be" or other specific words.

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Literal Meaning

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This is the ordinary, usual, or exact meaning of words, phrases, or passages. No figurative language or interpretation is involved.

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Literal Understanding

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This is the act of taking or perceiving something according to the usual, ordinary or surface meaning.

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Manuscript

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This is any unpublished writing that is handwritten or word processed.

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Misplaced Modifier

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This a word or word group that sounds unclear because it seems to describe the wrong word.

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Modifier

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These are words that qualify the meaning of another word.

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Modifiers

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These are words or phrases that make the intended meaning more specific.

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Multiple-meaning Words

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These are words that have more than one definition. The meaning of the word is determined by how it is used in a sentence.

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Nominative Case

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This contains pronouns which are used as subjects or subject complements in sentences.

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Nonessential Clause

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This is a clause that modifies another word or group of words but does not include essential identifying information.

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Nonessential Phrase

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This is a phrase that modifies another word or group of words but does not include essential identifying information.

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Noun

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This is a word that names a person, place, thing, quality or idea.

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Object

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This is never the subject, but always a noun, in a sentence it can be either direct or indirect.

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Object Complement

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This is an adjective or noun that follows and modifies a direct object.

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Objective Case

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This contains pronouns which are used as objects in sentences.

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Participle

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This is a verb form used as an adjective.

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Parts Of Speech

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These are the different classes into which words are commonly grouped according to their form, function or meaning.

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Parts Of Speech

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These are the different classes into which words are commonly grouped according to their form, function or meaning.

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Period

answer

This is an end punctuation mark that indicates the end of a sentence.

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Personal Pronoun

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These are words used as substitutes for proper or common words.

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Phrase

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This is a group of words used as a single part of speech without a subject and verb.

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Possessive Pronoun

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This is a word that takes the place of noun and shows ownership.

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Precise Vocabulary

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This is a writing skill which assures that students choose words that exactly and accurately describe or reflect the writer's meaning.

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Prefix

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This can be added to the beginning of a word to change the word's meaning.

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Preposition

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This is a word that specifies the place, direction, or time of a noun in relation to another word.

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Prepositional Phrase

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This is a set of words that begins with a word telling the position of a person or thing in relation to a noun or pronoun.

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Presentation

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This is a prepared performance, report, or demonstration for an audience.

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Pronoun

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This is a word that takes the place of a noun.

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Pronoun Antecedent Agreement

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A substitute word must always match the word it is substituting for in person, number and gender.

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Pronoun Case

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This is the form of a pronoun which changes to show the relationship to other words in the sentence.

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Pronunciation

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This is the way a word or language sounds when spoken.

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Proofread

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This is the process of making marks on a written document to correct errors.

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Publish

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This is to issue written work publicly.

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Punctuation

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This is the system of standardized marks in written language to clarify meaning.

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Question Mark

answer

This is the end punctuation for an interrogative sentence.

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Quotation Marks

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These are used to enclose direct quotations and to designate titles of short works (like newspaper and magazine articles, poems, short stories, songs, episodes of television and radio programs, and subdivisions of books or web sites).

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Quote

answer

This is to speak or to write a passage from another source. It can also be the exact words that someone else has written or said.

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Reflexive Pronoun

answer

These are easy to spot because they always end in either "self" or "selves," these pronouns refer to, or reflect back to, the subject.

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Related Words

answer

These are words built on the same root word.

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Relative Clause

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This is a group of words having a subject and a verb that relates to something in the sentence.

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Relative Pronoun

answer

This pronoun relates a noun to another noun in the sentence.

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Root Word

answer

This is a word related in origin, as certain words in genetically related languages descended from the same ancestral word. It is also the part of the word after all affixes have been removed.

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Run-on Sentence

answer

This results when independent clauses have not been joined correctly.

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Semicolon

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This is a punctuation mark that is used between clauses of a compound sentence when a conjunction is not used, before conjunctive adverbs that join independent clauses, and in a series when the series already contains commas.

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Sentence Fragment

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This is a group of words that does not have both a subject and a verb and cannot stand alone. It may be punctuated and capitalized as a sentence, but it does not constitute a complete sentence

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Sentence Order

answer

This is the organization of sentences.

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Sentence Pattern

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This is the word order for a complete thought. It is usually SUBJECT-VERB-OBJECT.

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Simple Sentence

answer

This is an independent clause with no subordinate clauses.

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Source

answer

A person, book, document, website or record that provides information.

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Specialized Dictionary

answer

This is a book listing words or other linguistic items in a particular category or subject with specialized information about them.

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Stem

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This is the part of a word to which we attach an affix (prefix or suffix).

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Strategy

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This is any kind of mental action used by a student to comprehend and make meaning out of a reading text.

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Subject

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This is always a person, place, thing, or idea, that the sentence is about.

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Subject Verb Agreement

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This is a rule that the subject and verb must be the same in number.

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Subordinating Conjunction This type of word introduces a subordinate

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or dependent, clause and designates its relation to the rest of the sentence. Examples: after, although, as, because, since, so that, unless, until when, where, and why.

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Suffix

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This can be added to the end of a word to change the word's meaning.

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Superlative Adjective

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This is used to compare 3 or more nouns. It takes a large idea and gives its essential meaning in a brief grouping of words.

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Synonym

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This is a word or phrase that has the same or almost the same meaning as another word or phrase.

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Syntax

answer

This refers to the ordering of elements in a sentence.

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Thesaurus

answer

This is a book of synonyms.

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Usage

answer

This is the way words and phrases are utilized correctly in written or spoken language.

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Verb

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This is a word that denotes action, occurrence or existence.

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Verb Form

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This relates to the principal parts of words that show action or states of being.

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Verb Tense

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This indicates the time of the action or state of being.

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Vocabulary

answer

All the words in a language; the words used for a specific content or task. Synonym:lexicon.

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Word Origin

answer

This tells when and how a word originated and developed into modern English.

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Word Recognition

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This is the ability to analyze and interpret the graphic symbols for words. This includes understanding as well as pronunciation.

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adaptation

answer

This is a version of an original source (such as a diary, an autobiography, or a story) which is modified for presentation in another form, such as a film, a musical, or a play.

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allusion

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This is the reference to a person, place, or event from history, literature, or religion with which a reader is likely to be familiar.

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analyze

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This is to separate a whole into its parts.

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archetypal character

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This is a character in a work that represents a certain type of person.

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central argument

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This is the dominant and controlling argument.

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central idea

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The key point made in a written passage; the chief topic.

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central message

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This is the theme of a passage, story, novel, poem, or drama that readers can apply to life.

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character

answer

This is an individual's mental or moral quality.

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characterzation

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This is the combination of ways that an author shows readers what a person in a literary selection is like.

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characters

answer

These are the people or animals who take part in a literary work.

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citation

answer

This is the notation of a source used for a paper.

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cite

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This is to quote as an authority or as an example: to mention as support, illustration, or proof.

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classic

answer

Something widely recognized as a model or example of a type of literary work.

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classical literature

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This includes great masterpieces of the Greek, Roman, and other ancient civilizations as well as any writing that is widely considered a model of its form.

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conclusion

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This is when you use pieces of information on a subject to base your opinion or make a decision. You draw a ________.

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conflict

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Often, an antagonistic relationship called a _________ drives the plot of a story or novel.

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connotation

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This refers to the feelings and associations that go beyond the dictionary definition of a word.

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context

answer

This is the framework of meaning which surrounds a specific word, sentence, idea, or passage.

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context

answer

When we find the meaning of a word (or phrase) by looking at the words and sentences around it, we are using ____ clues.

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context clues

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These are in the text surrounding a word and give hints for the meaning of the word.

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controlling

answer

the author's opinion or the perspective he/she wants to convey expressed through the thesis statement for an essay, or through a topic sentence within an individual paragraph

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cultural elements

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This includes language, ideologies, beliefs, values, and norms. These elements help to shape the life of a society.

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cultural setting

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This is the phrase for the set of values, beliefs, and opinions shared by a group and surrounding the author at the time of her writing.

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definition

answer

Usually found in a dictionary, this tells you the meaning of a word or phrase.

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detail

answer

This is a piece of information that is used to support a main idea.

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diction

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This is the writer's choice of words, including the vocabulary used, the appropriateness of the words, and the vividness of the language.

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direct characterzation

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When a character is revealed by clear descriptions by the author, this is called _____ characterization.

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dynamic character

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A character who changes during the course of a story is called a _____ character.

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event

answer

This word means anything that happens to or is done by a character in a story.

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evidence

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This is information that supports a thought or belief.

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experience

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This is the name for what is gathered through the general process of living, or for the process itself.

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fiction

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This is writing that tells about imaginary characters and events.

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flashback

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This is a scene, a conversation, or an event that interrupts the present action to show something that happened in the past.

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flat character

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This is a person in a fictional work that is never fully developed by the author.

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formal language

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This kind of language usually has longer sentences and a greater variety of words than everyday speech. Slang, contractions, and jargon are avoided.

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historical context

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The setting and circumstances in which a literary work is written or an event occurs.

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historical setting

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This is the political, social, cultural, and economic 'time and place' surrounding the creation of a literary text.

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implied meaning

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This is a suggested, but not stated, definition.

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indirect characterization

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This is when an author reveals a person in the story characterization through his/her words, thoughts, appearance, action, or what others think or say about him/her.

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infer

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This is to get a conclusion from the facts or context; to figure out what is being implied by reading between the lines.

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inference

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This is reading between the lines. It is taking something that you read and putting it together with something that you already know to make sense of what you read. You make an _____

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informal language

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This is what people use in everyday speech. It usually consists of fairly short sentences and simple vocabulary. It is called _______ speech or language.

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informational text

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This is a type of real-world writing that presents material that is necessary or valuable to the reader.

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internal conflict

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This is when a character has a problem within him or herself.

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jargon

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This refers to the language of a specialized type, usually dealing with a narrow area of study or knowledge. It has a slightly negative connotation, and can imply that the language is mere word play.

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literal meaning

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This is the ordinary, usual, or exact meaning of words, phrases, or passages. No figurative language or interpretation is involved.

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literary summary

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A _____ summary is a synopsis of the events, characters, and ideas in a work of literature.

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main idea

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This is the central and most important idea of a reading passage or presentation.

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media

answer

This is the main means of mass communication.

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medium

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A way of communicating information

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motivation

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This is the wants, needs, or beliefs that cause a character to act or react in a particular way.

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mystery

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This is a genre that often includes detectives and a crime that must be solved.

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myth

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This is a traditional tale about gods, goddesses, heroes, and other characters.

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mythology

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This is a body or collection of tales belonging to a people and addressing their origin, history, deities, ancestors, and heroes. It explains the actions of gods and goddesses or the cause of natural phenomena and includes supernatural elements.

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opinion

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This is an expression of an author's personal belief. It is not something that can be proved to be true or false.

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paraphrase

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This is the restatement of a written work in one's own words that keeps the basic meaning of the original work.

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person vs self

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This describes the type of conflict when the leading character struggles with himself/herself; with his conscience, feelings, or ideas.

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perspective

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This is a writer's or speaker's point of view about a particular subject, and is often influenced by their beliefs or by events in their lives.

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plot

answer

This is the series of events that happen in a literary work.

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point of view

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This is the perspective from which a story is told. It is the way the author lets the readers see and hear the story; who tells the story.

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quote

answer

If you repeat the words someone else has said or written, you ______ them.

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scene

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This is a small division of a play that usually happens in a particular time and place.

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sequence

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This is the order in which things are told in a story

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sequencing

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This is arranging things in order so they can be numbered or related in a connected series.

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setting

answer

This is the time and place in which a literary work happens.

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Shakespeare

answer

He was a great poet and playwright during the English Renaissance. His works include Romeo and Juliet, The Tragedy of Macbeth, and many sonnets.

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source

answer

This is a person, book, document, website or record that provides information.

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source

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A research __________ is any material that can be used to locate information about a given topic.

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static character

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A _________ character does not change during the course of the action.

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structure

answer

This refers to a writer's arrangement or overall design of a literary work. It is the way words, sentences, and paragraphs are organized to create a complete work.

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summarize

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This is to state briefly.

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support

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to strengthen or prove an argument or idea by providing facts, details, examples and other information

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supporting evidence

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These are the facts or details that back up a main idea, theme, or thesis.

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supporting sentence

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A _____ sentence helps to clarify, describe, explain, or enhance the main idea of a paragraph

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technical writing

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This is writing that communicates specific information about a particular subject, craft, or occupation.

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tension

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This is a form of suspense or potential conflict. It can occur between characters or arise from general situations.

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theme

answer

This is the message, usually about life or society, that an author wishes to convey through a literary work.

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thesis

answer

In expository writing, this is the main point or central idea that a writer states and then endeavors to prove valid by means of a systematic argument.

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thesis statement

answer

This is the way in which the main idea of a literary work is expressed, usually as a generalization that is supported with concrete evidence

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tone

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This is the attitude that an author takes toward the audience, the subject, or a character.

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topic

answer

This is the specific part of a subject that is dealt with in a research paper or in an essay.

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traditional text

answer

This is the CONVENTIONAL means of relating a story or information-generally in print format like novels or storybooks. It includes CLASSIC stories such as myths and folktales.

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universal theme

answer

This is the central message of a story, poem, novel, or play that many readers can apply to their own experiences, or to those of all people.

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viewpoint

answer

This is a writer's opinion or standpoint on an issue.

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word choice

answer

This is the author's or speaker's craft or style. It might be formal, informal, or even slang. Diction is a synonym.

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Allegory

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This is a story with two or more levels of meaning--a literal level and a symbolic level--in which events, setting, and characters are symbols for ideas or qualities.

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Alliteration

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This is the repetition of initial consonant sounds at the beginnings of words.

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Allusion

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This is the reference to a person, place, or event from history, literature, or religion with which a reader is likely to be familiar.

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Analogy

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This is a comparison based on a similarity between things that are otherwise dissimilar.

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Analyze

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This is to separate a whole into its parts.

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Antagonist

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This is the person or force that creates conflict for the main character in a literary work.

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Aside

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This is a short speech delivered by an actor in a play which expresses the actor's thoughts. It is usually directed to the audience and not heard by other actors.

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Assonance

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This is the repetition of vowel sounds followed by different consonants in two or more stressed syllables.

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Ballad

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This is a rhymed, songlike poem that tells a story , often dealing with adventure or romance.

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Blank Verse

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This is poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.

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Character

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This is an individual's mental or moral quality.

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Characterization

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This is the combination of ways that an author shows readers what a person in a literary selection is like.

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Characters

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These are the people or animals who take part in a literary work.

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Climax

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This is the part of the plot where the conflict and tension reach a peak.

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Compare

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This is a method of relating how two or more elements or texts are SIMILAR.

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Compare And Contrast

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This is a method of relating two or more objects in a piece of work.

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Conclusion

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This wraps up a piece of writing and reminds readers of the thesis.

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Consonance

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This is the repetition in two or more words of final consonants in stressed syllables that are preceded by different vowel sounds.

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Context

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This is the framework of meaning which surrounds a specific word, sentence, idea, or passage.

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Cultural Elements

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This includes language, ideologies, beliefs, values, and norms. These elements help to shape the life of a society.

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Denouement

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This is part of the plot and is made up of any events that occur after the resolution in a literary work.

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Dialogue

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These are the words spoken by characters in a literary work.

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Direct Characterization

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This is when an author reveals a person in the story characterization by giving specific descriptions.

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Drama

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This is a story written to be performed by actors.

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Dramatic Irony

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This is when the audience or the readers know something that the characters do not know.

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Dramatic Poem

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This is a poem that makes use of the techniques of drama. The speaker is clearly someone other than the poet. More than one character may speak.

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Dynamic Character

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This is a person in a fictional work that changes during the course of the action.

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End Rhyme

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This is the repetition of similar sounds that comes at the ends of lines of poetry.

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Epic Poem

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This type of poem is very long and usually relates the adventures of a legendary character or a national history. It is often passed down orally before being written.

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Evaluate

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This is placing a value or rank on a piece of writing or speaking.

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Exposition

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This is the part of the plot that introduces the characters, the setting, and the basic situation.

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Extended Metaphor

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This is a sustained comparison in which a subject is written or spoken of as if it were something else.

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Falling Action

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This is the part of the plot where the conflict begins to be worked out and tensions lessen.

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Figurative Language

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This goes beyond the literal meanings of words to create special effects or feelings.

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First Person

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This is a point of view where the narrator is a character in the story and refers to him or herself with I.

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First-person Point Of View

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This is a point of view in which the story is told by one of the characters.

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Flashback

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This is a scene, a conversation, or an event that interrupts the present action to show something that happened in the past.

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Flat Character

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This is a person in a fictional work that is never fully developed by the author.

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Foreshadowing

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This is the use of hints in written works about what will happen later.

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Form

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This is the structure into which a piece of literature, such as a poem, is organized.

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Free Verse

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This is poetry written without a regular rhyme scheme, meter, or form.

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Genre

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This is the category or type of literature.

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Historical Context

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The setting and circumstances in which a literary work is written or an event occurs.

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Hyperbole

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This is extreme exaggeration used in a literary work.

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Idiom

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This is a phrase in common use that can not be understood by literal or ordinary meanings.

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Imagery

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This is the use of language that appeals to the five senses--touch, taste, smell, hearing, and sight.

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Imagery

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This uses sensory images to help readers to picture a person, a place, or an event.

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Implied Meaning

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This is a suggested, but not stated, definition.

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Indirect Characterization

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This is when an author reveals a person in the story characterization through his/her words, thoughts, appearance, action, or what others think or say about him/her.

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Internal Rhyme

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This occurs within a line of poetry when two words have similar ending sounds.

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Interpretation

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This is the explanation of the significance or meaning of a work.

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Introduction

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This is the beginning of a written work that explains what will be found in the main part.

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Irony

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This is the contrast between appearance and reality or what is expected and what actually happens.

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Limited Third Person

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This is a point of view where the narrator relates the inner thoughts and feelings of only one person.

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Limited View

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This is a point of view, in which the narrator is outside the story, reveals the thoughts of only one character, and yet refers to that characters as 'he' or 'she'.

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Literary Device

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A type of tool or strategy to enhance an author's style

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Literary Elements

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These are the components used together to create a fictional piece of writing.

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Literary Period

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Literary works are often grouped into these because they share a time span. This allows analysis for traits common to an identified time. These can include conventions, styles, themes, and philosophies. Examples include the Romantic period and the Renaissance.

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Lyric Poem

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This is a highly musical verse that expresses the observation and feelings of a single speaker.

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Metaphor

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This is a direct comparison of two things, in which they are said to be (in some sense) the same thing.

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Meter

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This is the rhythm or regular sound pattern in a piece of poetry.

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Monologue

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This is a long, uninterrupted speech by a character in a play, story, or poem.

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Mood

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This is the feeling that an author wants readers to have while reading.

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Motif

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This is a repeated idea, theme, image, word, object, phrase or action in a literary work.

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Myth

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This is a traditional tale about gods, goddesses, heroes, and other characters.

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Mythology

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This is a body or collection of tales belonging to a people and addressing their origin, history, deities, ancestors, and heroes. It explains the actions of gods and goddesses or the cause of natural phenomena and includes supernatural elements.

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Narrative Poem

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This tells a story in verse.

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Narrator

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This is the teller of the story.

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Omniscient

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This is a point of view; the narrator KNOWS EVERYTHING about the characters and events, and describes the characters and action from outside the story.

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Omniscient "Third Person __________"

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is a point of view in which the narrator is outside the story and knows everything about the characters and events.

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Omniscient Third Person

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This is a point of view where the narrator relates the inner thoughts and feelings of each character.

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Onomatopoeia

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This is the use of words that sound like the noises they describe.

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Oxymoron

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This is something which seemingly cannot be, yet it is; a contradiction.

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Paradox

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This is a statement that leads to a contradictory situation in which something seems both true and false.

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Parallelism

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This is a persuasive technique in which an author creates a BALANCED sentence by re-using the same word structure.

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Paraphrase

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This is the restatement of a written work in one's own words that keeps the basic meaning of the original work.

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Parody

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This is a humorous imitation of a literary work that exaggerates or distorts the characteristic features of the original.

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Personification

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This is a type of figurative language in which human qualities are given to nonhuman things.

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Plot

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This is the series of events that happen in a literary work.

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Poem

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This is an arrangement of words in verse. It sometimes rhymes, and expresses facts, emotions, or ideas in a style more concentrated, imaginative and powerful than that of ordinary speech.

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Poetry

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This is the third major type of literature in addition to drama and prose.

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Point Of View

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This is the perspective from which a story is told.

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Prediction

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This is the act of forecasting something that may (or may not) occur later.

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Problem-Solution

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This method of structuring text focuses on defining an issue, then gives a possible remedy for the issue.

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Protagonist

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This is the main character in a literary work.

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Pun

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This is a humorous word play that usually is based on several meanings of one word.

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Repetition

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This is a stylistic device where the writer repeats the same word, or phrase for the purpose of emphasis.

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Repetition

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This is a persuasive technique in which a word, phrase, or entire sentence is repeated to reinforce the speaker's message.

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Resolution

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This is the part of the plot where the conflict is ended.

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Rhyme

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This is the repetition of similar sounds at the ends of words.

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Rhyme Scheme

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This is the regular pattern of rhyme found at the ends of lines in poems.

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Rhythm

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This is the musical quality created by a pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.

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Rising Action

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This is the part of the plot where the conflict and suspense build.

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Round Character

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This is a person in a fictional work that is well-developed by the author.

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Satire

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This is writing that uses humor to ridicule or criticize individuals, ideas, or institutions in hopes of improving them.

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Sensory Details

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These are images help the reader see or hear or feel things. These are details that appeal to the senses.

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Sequence

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This is the order in which things happen.

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Sequential Order

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This is the chronological, or time, order of events in a reading passage.

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Setting

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This is the time and place in which a literary work happens.

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Simile

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This is a comparison of two unlike things using the terms "like" or "as".

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Situational Irony

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This is when something happens that is the opposite of what was expected.

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Slant Rhyme

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This is the use of words with similar or inexact end sounds to create rhyme.

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Soliloquy

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This is a long speech expressing the thoughts of a character who is alone on the stage.

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Sonnet

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This is a fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter.

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Sound Devices

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These are the sounds of words that poets use to enrich their poetry.

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Stage Directions

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This is information written in the script of a play to tell actors where to go or how to speak their lines.

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Stanza

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This is a group of related lines in a poem, similar to a paragraph in prose.

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Static Character

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This is a person in a fictional work that does not change during the course of the action.

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Structure

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This refers to a writer's arrangement or overall design of a literary work. It is the way words, sentences, and paragraphs are organized to create a complete work.

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Style

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This is the way an author expresses ideas through the use of kinds of words, literary devices, and sentence structure.

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Stylistic Device

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This is a device that not only helps establish an author's style but also gives power and effect to the language.

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Subplot

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This is a secondary plot in a work of literature that either explains or helps to develop the main plot.

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Summarize

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This is to state briefly.

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Symbol

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This is a person, place, thing, or event that represents something more than itself in a literary work.

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Symbolism

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This is the use of objects or ideas that represent something other than themselves.

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Text

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This is the main body of a piece of writing or any of the various forms in which writing exists, such as a book, a poem, an article, or a short story.

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Theme

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This is the message, usually about life or society, that an author wishes to convey through a literary work.

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Third Person

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This is a point of view where the author uses pronouns like he and she in telling a story.

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Third Person Limited Point Of View

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This is a point of view in which the narrator is outside the story and reveals the thoughts of only one character, who is referred to as "he" or "she."

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Tone

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This is the attitude that an author takes toward the audience, the subject, or a character.

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Understatement

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This is used by a writer to show restraint or lack of emphasis in expression, as for rhetorical effect.

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Universal Theme

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This is the central message of a story, poem, novel, or play that many readers can apply to their own experiences, or to those of all people.

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Verbal Irony

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This is when someone says the opposite of what he or she really means.

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Vivid Language

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This is the use of words in a work that paints a mental picture for the reader.

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Word Choice

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This is another way of saying "diction." This can help reveal a) the tone of the work, b) connotations of meaning, and/or c) his style of writing

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Accurate

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A source which is credible and has reliable information is called _______.

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Adjective

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This is a word that modifies a noun or a pronoun.

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Adjective Clause

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A group of related words, with a subject and predicate, that acts to modify a noun or pronoun is called an ________ clause.

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Adverb Clause

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This is a group of related words with a subject and predicate that acts to modify a verb, adjective, or adverb.

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Analogy

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This is a comparison based on a similarity between things that are otherwise dissimilar.

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Argument

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This involves one or more reasons presented by a speaker or a writer to lead the audience or reader to a conclusion on an issue.

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Audience

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This is whoever will be reading, listening or watching a story, text, or drama.

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Audio

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This is the reproduction or broadcasting of sound.

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Bias

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This is a prejudice that is leaning toward a positive or negative judgment on something; a personal judgment or opinion about a particular person, position, or thing.

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Bibliography

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This is a list of written works or other sources on a particular subject.

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Bold Print

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This is done to part of a text to makes it stand out as a darker, sharper image. It is an organizational feature to locate specific information.

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Caption

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This is the explanation that goes with a picture or illustration.

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Cause And Effect

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This is the relationship between two or more events in which one event brings about another.

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Central Idea

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The key point made in a written passage; the chief topic.

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Characterization

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This is the combination of ways that an author shows readers what a person in a literary selection is like.

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Characters

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These are the people or animals who take part in a literary work.

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Chart

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A type of circular diagram that represents large amounts of information graphically, to make it more understandable.

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Chronological Order

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This is the arrangement of events in the order in which they occur.

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Citation

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This is the notation of a source used for a paper.

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Cite

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This is to quote as an authority or as an example: to mention as support, illustration, or proof.

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Claim

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When an author makes a ____, (s)he is stating something which might or might not be true. It must be argued.

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Clarify

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This is to clear up or to make information more understandable: to explain.

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Coherence

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This is a quality in writing, in which ideas are presented in a clear, logical manner. Writing which lacks this quality may be hard or impossible to understand.

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Cohesive Devices

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These are methods used to help ideas fit together clearly and smoothly.

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Compare

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This is a method of relating how two or more elements or texts are SIMILAR.

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Compare And Contrast

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This is a method of relating two or more objects in a piece of work.

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Complex

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This describes something that is complicated, difficult, or consists of interrelated parts.

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Concluding Sentence

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This is the statement which brings a paragraph to a close by restating the main idea.

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Conclusion

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This wraps up a piece of writing and reminds readers of the main idea.

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Content

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the subject matter or material in a particular area of study; or, the essential components of a written work

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Contrast

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This is a method of relating how two or more elements or texts are DIFFERENT.

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Counter Argument

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This is an argument that makes an opposing point to another argument. It expresses the view of a person who disagrees with your position.

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Definition

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Usually found in a dictionary, this tells you the meaning of a word or phrase.

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Descriptive Text

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This type of text creates a clear picture through the use of vivid word choices. The purpose is to help a reader see, experience, or understand the selection by the use of sensory details.

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Detail

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This is a piece of information that is used to support a main idea.

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Diagram

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A general term for an illustration or visual representation of information. Types of these can include tables and graphs.

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Dialect

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This is a form of language that is characteristic of a particular place or is used by a particular group of people.

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Dialogue

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These are the words spoken by characters in a literary work.

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Diction

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This is the writer's choice of words, including the vocabulary used, the appropriateness of the words, and the vividness of the language.

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Digital

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A research source is called ________ if it is located on the internet, on a CD, or some other place accessed by a computer or electronic device.

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Direct Characterization

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When a character is revealed by clear descriptions by the author, this is called _____ characterization.

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Direct Quotation

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This is the exact repetition of someone's written or spoken words.

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Event

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This word means anything that happens to or is done by a character in a story.

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Evidence

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This is information that supports a thought or belief.

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Example

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This type of context clue is used to help the reader infer the meaning of a vocabulary word or provide a supporting detail.

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Experience

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This is the name for what is gathered through the general process of living, or for the process itself.

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Extended Metaphor

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This is a sustained comparison in which a subject is written or spoken of as if it were something else.

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Extraneous Detail

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These are pieces of information that are not necessary to the meaning or purpose of writing.

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Fact

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This is a statement that can be proved to be true or false. It is not an opinion.

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Falling Action

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This is the part of the plot where the conflict begins to be worked out and tensions lessen.

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Figurative Language

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This goes beyond the literal meanings of words to create special effects or feelings.

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Flashback

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This is a scene, a conversation, or an event that interrupts the present action to show something that happened in the past.

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Flat Character

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This is a person in a fictional work that is never fully developed by the author.

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Foreshadowing

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This is the use of hints in written works about what will happen later.

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Formal Language

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This kind of language usually has longer sentences and a greater variety of words than everyday speech. Slang, contractions, and jargon are avoided.

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Format

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This is the general plan of organization of a written work.

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Graphic

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A _______ novel is a book in which the story is told using a series of pictures, with dialogue shown in them.

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Graphic

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A visual piece of information is called a ____ source.

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Graphic

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A picture, image or visual representation of information or ideas is called a ______.

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Graphic Organizer

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This is a pictorial way of representing knowledge. It is used to help organize ideas and present information.

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Heading

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This is a title or subtitle at the beginning of a chapter, section, or unit of a text.

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Hypothesis

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This is a term used in research and is a statement of what you anticipate your research will show.

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Illustration

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A drawing, painting, photograph or other visual representation made for explaining information or furthering understanding of an idea.

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Imagery

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This is the use of language that appeals to the five senses--touch, taste, smell, hearing, and sight.

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Imagery

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This uses sensory images to help readers to picture a person, a place, or an event.

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In-text Citation

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This phrase refers to the documentation of information within the body of a paper: when you provide information about the source within your paper.

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Independent Clause

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This is a group of words that states the main thought of a sentence and is complete within itself.

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Indirect Characterization

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This is when an author reveals a person in the story characterization through his/her words, thoughts, appearance, action, or what others think or say about him/her.

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Informal Language

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This is what people use in everyday speech. It usually consists of fairly short sentences and simple vocabulary. It is called _______ speech or language.

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Internet

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This is the global system of interconnected computers and networks used to find the most recent information.

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Internet Search

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This is the process of entering one or more keywords into a special webpage (such as Google or Yahoo) in order to find other webpages containing specific information.

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Introduction

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This is the beginning of a written work that explains what will be found in the main part.

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Introductory Paragraph

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This frames the position or approach of an essay and includes a clear thesis statement.

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Irrelevant

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These do not support the main idea of a paragraph. They do not focus on the main idea and may mislead or confuse the reader. They are called ____.

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Italics

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These should be used instead of underlining. Do this to most titles of printed material and names of airplanes, trains and automobiles.

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Jargon

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This refers to the language of a specialized type, usually dealing with a narrow area of study or knowledge. It has a slightly negative connotation, and can imply that the language is mere word play.

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Keyword

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This is a term entered into a search engine, or the search bar on a webpage, which is meant to attract pages containing specific information.

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Letter

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This is a written communication or message addressed to a reader or readers that is usually sent by mail.

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Literary Narrative

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This is a collection of events that tells a story, which may be true or not, placed in a particular order and recounted through either telling or writing.

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Logic

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This is the reasoning used to reach a decision based on a set of assumptions, or it may be defined as the science of reasoning, proof, thinking, or inference.

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Main Idea

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This is the central and most important idea of a reading passage or presentation.

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Media

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This is the main means of mass communication.

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Metaphor

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This is a direct comparison of two things, in which they are said to be (in some sense) the same thing.

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MLA

answer

These are the initials for the association which publishes a guide to writing research papers based on its prescribed documentation style. A works cited page is one feature in this documentation style that is common to many students.

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Narrative Text

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This tells the events and actions of a story.

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Narrator

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This is the teller of the story.

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Non-Literal

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This is when the meaning is NOT exact or word for word. It is figurative and it requires interpretation.

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Nonprint

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This is the category of information that includes digital, electronic, pictures, photographs, video, and television to access information.

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Nonprint Information

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Materials that are not written are often called _______ resources.

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Notecard

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These are used to organize a research paper and include the topic, author, title, page number, and one single fact or thought.

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Order Of Importance

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This is used when details are organized by degree of impact.

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Organization

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In writing, this is the process of ordering, structuring and presenting information. It is called the _____ of the text.

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Outline

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This is a tool to think about and organize your paper. For example, you can use it to see whether your ideas connect to each other, what order of ideas works best, and if you have enough evidence to support each of your points.

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Paraphrase

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This is the restatement of a written work in one's own words that keeps the basic meaning of the original work.

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Persuasive Appeal

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This is a type of writing or speech that attempts to convince a reader to think or act in a particular manner.

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Persuasive Text

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This type of text attempts to convince a reader to adopt a particular opinion or course of action.

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Plagiarism

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This is the use of someone else's ideas or statements as if they were your own and without giving proper credit.

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Precise Vocabulary

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This is a writing skill which assures that students choose words that exactly and accurately describe or reflect the writer's meaning.

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Primary Source

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This is an original document or firsthand account.

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Print Source

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This is the category of information including books, magazines, charts, graphs, diagrams, dictionaries, encyclopedias, atlases, and thesauruses.

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Print Style

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This is the type and size of font. It is the look and design of lettering

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Problem-Solution

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This method of structuring text focuses on defining an issue, then gives a possible remedy for the issue.

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Purpose

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This is an author's intention, reason, or drive for writing the piece.

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Question And Answer

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This is a way to organize paragraph or composition structure in which the author poses a question then answers it.

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Quote

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If you repeat the words someone else has said or written, you ______ them.

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Rebuttal

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This is a verbal or oral response to an argument presenting an opposite viewpoint.

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Reference

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This is a source used to find information.

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Reflection

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This is careful consideration and thought. In literature, it is when a character looks back at events, actions, or faults. In narrative writing, it helps develop experiences, events, or characters.

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Relevant

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When something closely relates to a subject it is called _________ to the subject.

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Reliability

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The _____ of a research source refers to the accuracy of the information contained in it.

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Research

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This is the process of gathering, evaluating, and organizing information.

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Resolution

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This is the part of the plot where the conflict is ended.

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Round

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A character in a fictional work that is very well developed is called a _________ character.

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Search Engine

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This helps you locate websites when you enter categories, keywords, or questions. It is a program for the retrieval of data, files, or documents from a database or network on the internet.

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Secondary Source

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This is a commentary on an original document or firsthand account.

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Sensory Details

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These are images to help the reader see or hear or feel things. These are details that appeal to the senses.

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Sequence

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This is the order in which things are told in a story.

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Sequencing

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This is arranging things in order so they can be numbered or related in a connected series.

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Sequential Order

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This is the chronological, or time, order of events in a reading passage.

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Setting

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This is the time and place in which a literary work happens.

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Simile

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This is a comparison of two unlike things using the terms "like" or "as".

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Slang

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This is vernacular speech that is not accepted as suitable for highly formal usage, but is much used in conversation.

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Source

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A research __________ is any material that can be used to locate information about a given topic.

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Source

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This is a person, book, document, website or record that provides information.

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Speech

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This is a talk or public address.

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Static

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A _________ character does not change during the course of the action.

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Style

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This is the way an author expresses ideas through the use of kinds of words, literary devices, and sentence structure.

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Support

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to strengthen or prove an argument or idea by providing facts, details, examples and other information

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Support

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To strengthen your ideas and opinions with examples, facts, or details is to add _____ details.

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Supporting Evidence

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These are the facts or details that back up a main idea, theme, or thesis.

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Supporting Sentence

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A _____ sentence helps to clarify, describe, explain, or enhance the main idea of a paragraph.

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Syntax

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This refers to the ordering of elements in a sentence.

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Table

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A diagram made to organize data visually in rows and columns.

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Text Features

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These are common parts of nonfiction texts and are often used to design and organize pages. They help readers navigate the information and make predictions about what will be read.

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Thesis

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The main point or central idea that a writer states and then endeavors to prove is called a ____.

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Topic

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This is the specific part of a subject that is dealt with in a research paper or in an essay.

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Transition

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These are words, phrases or sentences that link segments of writing.

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Transitional Device

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These are connecting words used to link your sentences and paragraphs together smoothly.

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Validity

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This of a source means the accuracy of the information. Is it up-to-date, written by a reliable author, contained in a reputable publication, and directly related to the topic?

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Vivid Language

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This is a kind of language that creates a strong impression on the reader, often through visual, sound, or emotional expressions.

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Vocabulary

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All the words in a language; the words used for a specific content or task.

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Word Choice

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This is the author's or speaker's craft or style. It might be formal, informal, or even slang. Diction is a synonym.

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Word Choice

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This is another way of saying "diction." This can help reveal a) the tone of the work, b) connotations of meaning, and/or c) his style of writing.

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Works Cited

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This is a list with author, title and publication details of the works (the books, articles, etc.) a researcher used to write a paper. This is an informational list at the end of a research paper to credit sources.

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Paradox

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contradiction; a statement or proposition that, despite sound or reasoning from acceptable premises, leads to a conclusion that seems senseless "crazy".

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Functional Writing

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writing that is meant to fulfill real life purposes, such as, making a request or giving advice: "How to make toast"

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usa test prep voocab – Flashcards

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