US History Unit 7 Study Guide – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
communism
answer
an economic and political system based on one-party government and state ownership of property
question
containment
answer
the blocking of another nation's attempts to spread it's influence--especially effort of US to block spread of Soviet influence during the late 1940s and early 1950s
question
domino theory
answer
the idea that if a nation falls under communist control, nearby nations will also fall under communist control
question
Eisenhower Doctrine
answer
a US commitment to defend the Middle East against attack by any communist country, announced by Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1957
question
iron curtain
answer
phrase used by Winston Churchill to describe an imaginary line that separated Communist countries in the Soviet block of Eastern Europe from countries in Western Europe
question
Marshall Plan
answer
the program, proposed by Secretary of State George Marshall in 1947, under which the US supplied economic aid to European nations to help them rebuild after WWII
question
McCarthyism
answer
the attacks, often unsubstantiated, by Senator Joseph McCarthy and others on people suspected of being Communists in the early 1950s
question
Truman Doctrine
answer
a US policy, announced by President Harry S. Truman in 1947, of providing economic and military aid to free nations threatened by internal or external opponents
question
United Nations
answer
an international peacekeeping organization to which most nations in the world belong, founded in 1945 to promote world peace, security, and economic development
question
Warsaw Pact
answer
a military alliance formed in 1955 by the Soviet Union and its Eastern European satellites
question
Berlin airlift
answer
a 327-day operation in which US and British planes flew food and supplies into West Berlin after the Soviets blockaded the city in 1948
question
Cold War
answer
the state of hostility, without direct military conflict, that developed between the US and Soviet Union after WWII
question
Korean War
answer
conflict between North and South Korea, 1950-1953, in which the US, along with other UN countries, fought on the side of the South Koreans and China fought on the side of the North Koreans
question
Soviet Blockade of West Berlin
answer
first serious crisis of Cold War, Soviets blockaded the Western Allies' railway, road, and canal access to cut off supplies
question
space race
answer
competition between US and Soviet Union for supremacy in spaceflight capability
question
Sputnik
answer
first satellite sent out by Soviet Union
question
U-2 Incident
answer
US spy airplane shot down in Soviet airspace, during presidency of Eisenhower
question
Executive Order 9835
answer
Truman signed, Loyalty Order, first general loyalty program in US, designed to root out communist influence in US gov
question
Executive Order 9981
answer
Truman signed, abolished racial segregation in Armed Forces, eventually led to end of segregation in military services
question
Douglas MacArthur
answer
American general, played crucial role in commanding Pacific Theatre, became commander of UN forces on outbreak of Korean War
question
Dwight D. Eisenhower
answer
Supreme commander of Allied forces, President during Cold War, NASA, U-2 Incident, threatened nuclear weapons, commanded NATO, Eisenhower Doctrine
question
Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
answer
Accused of being communists who gave atomic bomb information to Soviet Union, sentenced to death by electrocution
question
Francis Gary Powers
answer
American spy pilot shot down in Soviet airspace, U-2 Incident
question
Harry Truman
answer
created NATO, President during Cold War, oversaw Berlin Airlift, "Give him hell Harry", Truman Doctrine
question
Hollywood Ten
answer
10 members of Hollywood film industry received jail sentences and were banned from working for their Hollywood studios, were thought to be supporting and spreading communism
question
Josef Stalin
answer
led Soviet Union during Cold War, aimed to spread communism
question
Nikita Khrushchev
answer
led Soviet Union during Cold War, instigated Cuban missile crisis
question
Senator Joseph McCarthy
answer
claimed he had a list of people in the government who were communists, blacklisted many members of the government, many of these were Republicans, no proof
question
3 Keys to Stop Communism
answer
supporting countries with money, diplomacy, military
