US History: Reconstruction – Flashcards
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Lincoln's Plan
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Also known as 10% plan, it was the most lenient of all reconstruction plans, with the objective of getting the Southern states back in as quickly as possible
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13th Amendment
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Amendment that abolishes slavery
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Freedmen's Bureau
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Welfare agency set up to help newly freed blacks with aid and education. Viciously attacked by the South
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Wade-Davis Bill
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Radical republican bill that would have made it practically impossible for South to rejoin, was vetoed by Lincoln
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John Wilkes Booth
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Assassin who kills Lincoln in Ford's Theatre
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Andrew Johnson
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President who takes office after assassination of Lincoln
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Johnson's Plan
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Reconstruction plan that was the 10% plan plus pardons for Confederate officers and repudiated debts. It is passed while Congress is out of session
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Black codes
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Southern laws designed to restrict the rights of the newly freed black slaves
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Share-cropping
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New mthod for blacks to find work, involved farming land and then paying back a portion of profits Likened to slavery
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Crop-lien system
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Name of system that utilized share-cropping
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Radical Republicans
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Political party that favored harsh punishment of Southern states after civil war
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Congressional Reconstruction
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The "real" reconstruction plan, it involved the Radical Republican's plans which override Johnson's vetoes
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14th Amendment
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Amendment that grants full civil rights to Blacks and threatens to reduce voting proportions if right to vote is abridged
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Military Reconstruction
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Involved 5 military districts ruled by generals
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Civil Rights Bill of 1866
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Bill that turns into the 14th amendment
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Reconstruction Acts
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Acts that instated military reconstruction
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15th amendment
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Amendment that guarantees right of suffrage to all men
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Tenure of Office Act
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Makes it illegal for president to replace officers who have been confirmed by Congress without Congressional approval
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Edwin Stanton
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Popular Secretary of War who is fired by Johnson and leads to Johnson's impeachment
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Scalawag
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Southerner in favor of reconstruction to garner political support
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Carpetbagger
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Northerner who traveled south to make money off of the Reconstruction
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Ku Klux Klan
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White supremacy organization that intimidated blacks out of their newly found liberties
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William Seward
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Secretary of State of who purchases Alaska
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Bloody Shirt
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Term given to persistent reference to "Party who saved the Union"
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1868
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Election year: Grant v. Horatio Seymore (Democratic moderate against South). Grant wins due to Bloody Shirt
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Promontory Point
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Point in Utah where the Transcontinental Railroad was completed
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Ulysses Grant
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President and former general whose presidency was racked by Scandal.
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Salary grab
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Attempt by Senate to double their pay, is met by public outrage
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Credit-Mobilier
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Rail-road company overcharges for rail-laying, bribes Washington to keep quiet
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Whiskey ring
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Treasury officials collaborate with distillers to get around excise tax
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W.W. Belknap
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Secretary of War who sells $24k worth of supplies to Indians and pockets the money
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Jay Gould
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Investor who corners the gold market by convincing Grant to issue bad financial proclamations
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1872
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Election year: Grant wins handily, scandals have not surfaced yet
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Panic of 1873
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Financial downturn caused by overspeculation of western lands
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1876
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Election year: Hayes v. Tilden (Democrat). Has contested votes
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Compromise of 1877
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Compromise that enables Hayes to take office in return for the end of Reconstruction
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Jim Crow laws
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Laws designed to enforce segregation of blacks from whites
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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Landmark court ruling that legalizes segregation
