US History – Industrialization (chapter 7) – Flashcards
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Decreased Chinese immigration by only allowing teachers, merchants, and students into the U.S.
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Chinese Exclusion Act
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Single family homes that shared side walls. Often 2-3 families would share apartments.
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Row House
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New Immigrants - by casting votes for candidates endorsed by the political machine.
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Who supported the political machine?
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The name of the most powerful political machine in New York's history, run by a political boss.
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Tammany Hall
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Leader of Tammany Hall, NYC's political machine.
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Boss Tweed
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Immigrants from China and Japan arrived to the U.S. at Angel Island in SanFrancisco. (West Coast) Conditions were harsh, and new immigrants were treated like criminals at times.
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Angel Island
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The growth of cities
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Urbanization
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1. Be able to work 2. Have at least $25.00 3. Be literate in their own language 4. Be physically healthy
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Immigrants ar Ellis Island were expected to/have:
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When a person experiences fear and anxiety because they don't understand the new culture they are living in.
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Culture Shock
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Northwest Europe.
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The first large wave of immigrants come to the U.S. from this part of the world.
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In New York Harbor
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Ellis Island is located...
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Ellis Island
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40% of the U.S. population can trace their roots back to this place of entry to the U.S.
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Your customs, belief system, and the way you live.
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Culture
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An area in a city where one ethnicity lives
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Ghetto
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5-6 story buildings in cities with a shared air shaft in the middle. They were built in response to overcrowding in the cities.
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Dumbbell Tenements
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Improved farm technology meant that not as many farmers were needed on the farms.
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Why did many farmers move to the cities?
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Political corruption involving $.
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Graft
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An arrangement in which contractors padded the amount of their bill for city work and then they would split the profits with the political bosses and all those involved.
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Kickback
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The head of the most powerful political machine in New York's history. (stole $200 million)
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Boss Tweed
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White Anglo Saxon Protestant - People from Northwest European descent. Typically this immigrant group has been in positions of power in the United States.
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WASP
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No, but he controlled the mayor.
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Was the city boss the mayor?
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Threatening violence in order to obtain money.
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Extortion
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Faking something involving money. (ex: forging checks)
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Fraud
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They would work directly with the immigrants and offer bribes, favors, and threats in exchange for votes.
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Job of the captains and precinct workers
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Secure all the votes for the city boss
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Job of the ward boss
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pyramid
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The political machine was shaped like a ...
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1. poverty 2. famine 3. land shortages 4. political & religious persecution
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What were immigrants trying to escape by leaving their homeland? (4 reasons)
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Discrimination or prejudice against the Jews.
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Define anti-Semetic
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1. Convenient 2. Cheap 3. Social Support 4. Unskilled Jobs
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Why did people move to the cities (4 reasons)
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1. Jobs 2. Housing 3. Citizenship
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List three ways that the political machine helped immigrants
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A political organization that controlled the city using bribes and threats in exchange for votes.
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Define Political Machine
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Did away with the spoils system/patronage and made the hiring of federal employees merit based.
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Pendleton Act
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Southwest Europe
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The second major wave of immigrants came to the U.S. from...
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1. Fire 2. Overcrowding/Inadequate Housing 3. Poor Transportation 4. Unclean water 5. No reliable sanitation department 6. Crime
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Know and describe the six major problems of cities at the turn of the century
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A community center in the slums that provided assistance and friendship to immigrants, especially women and children.
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Settlement House
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Located in New York Harbor Symbol of Freedom and Welcome Given to the U.S. by France
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The Statue of Liberty
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A policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones
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Nativism
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Education program designed to help immigrants assimilate to American culture (English, history, government...)
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Americanization Movement
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Created the first settlement house. Chicago - Hull Hosue
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Jand Addams
