US History Chapter 23 – Flashcards
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How did the Great Depression eventually change Germany politically?
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Germans believed that Hitler would solve their economic problems
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What actions did Japan take in an attempt to recover from the Great Depression?
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Seized Control of resources in other nations
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What impact did the appeasement policy of the United States, Britain, and France have on German aggression?
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Encouraged more aggression
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The Neutrality Act of 1939 allowed nations at war to buy arms and other supplies from the United States as long as those nations did what?
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Paid cash and transported materials themselves
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What was perceived as being equivalent to declaring economic war against the Axis Powers?
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Lend-Lease Act
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What goal did President Roosevelt hope to achieve when he enacted the embargo on naval and aviation supplies in 1940?
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Stop Japanese expansion
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What role did the Office of War Mobilization (OWM) play during the war?
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Supervised use of industry resources
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Italy and Japan were dissatisfied with the peace settlements provided in the Treaty of Versailles because both countries expected more of what in exchange for their sacrifices during WW1?
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More territory
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Which political party rose to power in Germany during the 1930s?
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The Nazi Party
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The League of Nations did not prevent German and Italian aggression against other nations because it...?
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Had no standing army and no real power to enforce its decrees
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Why did the United States initially follow a policy of appeasement toward Germany?
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Focused on own economic problems
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Roosevelt delivered his "Four Freedoms" speech to Congress in January 1941 to increase economic support for what country?
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Britian
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How did Roosevelt's response to German aggression toward Britain differ from this response to Japanese aggression toward China?
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He condemned both acts of aggression but provided support to Britian
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Who appeared to be winning the war in Europe at the end of 1940?
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Germany and Italy
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How did support for the Allies change following Roosevelt's reelection in 1940?
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Support increased with lend-lease act
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The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor because they wanted to...?
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Destroy ships and planes
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Which ships survived the attack on Pearl Harbor untouched and why?
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Aircraft carriers, they were out at sea
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How did the attack on Pearl Harbor change the political divisions between the isolationists and interventionists?
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Ended political division
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After declaring war, the United States government did what with its' industries?
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Transformed peacetime, industries to wartime industries.
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What was the founder of the Fascist Party?
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Mussolini
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How did Adolf Hitler explain the problems facing Germany in his book Mein Kampf?
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It was the Jewish people's fault
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Why was the Battle of Coral Sea a turning point?
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Japanese, and U.S. aircraft carriers engaged in battle (ships never saw each other).
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How did the Nye Committee influence public opinion in the United States?
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It suggested that bankers and army manufacturers pulled America into WW2.
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How did Japan's rise to power differ from Germany's, Italy's, and the Soviet Union's?
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Japan did not have a charismatic leader
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What were the viewpoints of the interventionists?
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Axis aggression was wrong and threatened American interests.
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Theory of government in which one person or party controls all aspects of life?
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Totalitarianism
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Dictator who wanted to unite all Germanic people into one state?
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Hitler
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Document that strengthened the alliance between the United States and Britain?
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Atlantic Charter
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Means "lightning war"?
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Blitzkrieg
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British leader who said that Nazi aggression threatened all democracies?
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Churchill
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Germany's peaceful union with Austria?
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Anschluss
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Formal alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan?
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Tripartite Pact
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Army auxiliary corps for women?
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WAC
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General who staged a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor?
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Tojo
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Commander of the United States Army Forces in Asia?
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MacArthur
