Unit 5 Test – Flashcards

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The major prophet of the New South was:
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Henry W. Grady
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King Cotton survived the Civil War and expanded over new acreage
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even as its export markets leveled off.
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Sharecroppers and tenant farmers:
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increased in number after the Civil War.
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The American Tobacco Company:
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was broken up by the Supreme Court in 1911.
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The "Pittsburgh of the South," so named because of its steel production, was:
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Birmingham, Alabama.
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One irony of segregation is that it opened up:
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new economic opportunities for blacks
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In the late 1800s, the South experienced major increases in the production of:
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All of the above are true
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Under Bourbon rule in the South, state spending for public education:
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dramatically declined
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Bourbons:
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often favored convict leasing.
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The postwar South suffered from an acute shortage of:
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capital
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Perhaps the ultimate paradox of the Bourbons' rule was that their paragons of white supremacy tolerated:
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a lingering black voice in politics
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"The Significance of the Frontier in American History," an essay explaining the American character in terms of the frontier, was written by
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Frederick Jackson Turner
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The disenfranchisement of blacks in the South:
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was designed in part to allow southern whites to divide politically without giving blacks the balance of power
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The Mississippi plan of disenfranchisement included all the following except a:
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provision disqualifying anyone who owned less than $300 in personal property.
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In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court
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upheld a Louisiana segregation law
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The case of Plessy v. Ferguson involved a challenge to segregation laws that applied to:
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passenger trains
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Ida B. Wells became famous for
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leading a campaign against lynching
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The lynching of blacks in the South
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increased at about the same time that Jim Crow laws spread through the South.
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Booker T. Washington
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was born of a slave mother and a white father
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Benjamin Singleton
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was an early promoter of black migration to the West
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Who said, "In all things that are purely social we can be as separate as the five fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress"?
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Booker T. Washington
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The Comstock Lode was
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in Nevada
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Ida Wells wrote under the pen name of:
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Iola
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Buffalo soldiers were
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black soldiers who served in the West
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The Indian tribe that defeated Custer and put up the greatest resistance to U.S. domination was the:
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Sioux
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Following the 1867 Report on the Condition of the Indian Tribes, Congress decided that the best way to end Indian wars was
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to force the Indians to live on out-of-the-way reservations
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In the Battle of the Little Bighorn:
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some 2,500 Indians annihilated a detachment of more than 200 soldiers
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Chief Joseph
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was the leader of the Nez Percé Indians
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The Dawes Severalty Act
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is correctly represented by all the above statements
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"Exodusters" were
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black southerners who moved west
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Which of the following statements about the cowboy's frontier is not true?
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With two or three notable exceptions, blacks were not allowed to be cowboys.
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The cattle drives
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were largely over by 1886
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Joseph Glidden
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invented barbed wire
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The Newlands Reclamation Act
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provided funds for irrigation works
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According to the superintendent of the census, the frontier line no longer existed after
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1890
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From the end of the Civil War to the turn of the century
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the value of manufactures increased sixfold
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Federal and state government leaders after the Civil War actively encouraged the growth of business by doing all of the following except
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providing prison labor to railroad companies
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The first transcontinental railroad:
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was built by the Central Pacific and the Union Pacific Railroads.
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A transcontinental railroad was not built before the Civil War because:
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North-South sectional differences prevented Congress from selecting a route.
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Most workers on the Central Pacific Railroad crews were:
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Chinese.
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The transcontinental railroads were financed by:
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all of the above.
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The Pennsylvania oil rush:
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far outweighed, in economic importance, the California gold rush of a decade before.
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Who initially backed the Edison Electric Illuminating Company?
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J. P. Morgan
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Holding companies:
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are firms that control the stock of other companies
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Andrew Carnegie
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made money in many areas, including oil, railroads, iron and steel, and bridge building.
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When it came to steel, Andrew Carnegie did all the following except:
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have technical expertise in it
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Jay Gould was:
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the most notorious of the railroad "robber barons."
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John D. Rockefeller:
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became a leading philanthropist
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Thomas Alva Edison invented:
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the first successful incandescent light bulb.
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Of the following, which one was most associated with banking?
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J. P. Morgan
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Throughout Appalachia, thousands of boys worked:
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deep in the coal mines.
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The Molly Maguires:
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aimed to right perceived wrongs against Irish coal workers.
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The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 was provoked by:
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wage cuts that followed a depression.
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The Great Railroad Strike of 1877:
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ended when the workers, who lacked organized bargaining power, returned to work.
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The Sears catalog:
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sold groceries, drugs, furniture, clothing, and tools.
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Tension between labor and management in the late nineteenth century
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helped generate interest in the doctrine of anarchism
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The Knights of Labor:
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sought to organize all types of workers.
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The greatest growth of the Knights of Labor took place:
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in the mid-1880s, when the union had several successful strikes against the railroads.
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The Haymarket Affair:
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was blamed, probably unfairly, on seven anarchist leaders.
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The Knights of Labor declined for all the following reasons except:
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the death of Uriah S. Stephens, president of the union, in 1879.
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The American Federation of Labor:
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focused on concrete economic gains rather than on social or political reforms.
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The National Labor Union:
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was the first major federation of trade unions
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Violence erupted at the Homestead Works in 1892 when:
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Henry Frick tried to break a strike by bringing in Pinkertons
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The Homestead Strike
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took place in Pittsburgh
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President Grover Cleveland's response to the Pullman Strike was to
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send federal troops to keep the trains running
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The Pullman Strike ended:
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after mail cars were attached to Pullman cars
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In In re Debs, the Supreme Court:
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upheld the conviction of Eugene Debs for violating a court injunction forbidding the obstruction of interstate commerce or transportation of the mails.
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Daniel DeLeon
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was the leading figure in the Socialist Labor party.
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Which of the following statements about the Socialist Party of America is not true?
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Its support was confined to industrial workers in the Northeast.
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The Industrial Workers of the World:
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had its origin in the mining and lumber camps of the West.
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The IWW was effectively destroyed when it
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opposed American involvement in World War I.
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Membership in the American Federation of Labor at first
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grew slowly
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For the first time, more than half of America's population lived in urban areas after:
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1920
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Which area had the greatest proportion of people living in cities?
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the Pacific coast
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Frederick Law Olmsted
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planned New York's Central Park
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Urban political bosses
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often were the biggest source of assistance for city dwellers
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After 1890 most immigrants were
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Jews and Catholics
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Ellis Island:
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is correctly represented by all the above statements
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Ellis Island was located right outside the port of:
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New York City
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After William James, the chief philosopher of pragmatism was
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John Dewey
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Nativism led to:
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a movement to exclude illiterates
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The exclusion of Chinese immigrants
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was first authorized with a ten-year suspension
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Herbert Spencer:
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coined the phrase "survival of the fittest."
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In New York City, the "dumbbell" tenement houses:
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were often fire hazards
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Vaudeville provided
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variety shows for men, women, and children
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All of the following forms of public entertainment were accessible to women except:
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saloons
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How did the institutional churches respond in the late nineteenth century to the mounting social concerns in America?
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slowly
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Women's access to higher education
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improved shortly after the Civil War
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The sport that was clearly the "national pastime" by 1900 was
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baseball.
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Mark Twain
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was the first great writer from west of the Appalachians
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A strict Social Darwinist would object to all the following except:
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a governmental policy of laissez-faire toward business
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Advocates of the social gospel
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believed Christians should love their neighbors and address social problems
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The main idea of Reform Darwinism was that:
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cooperation, not competition, would better promote progress
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The author of Pragmatism: A New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinking was:
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William James
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Settlement house workers, insofar as they were paid, made up:
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but a fraction of all gainfully employed women
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The poor were helped by:
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urban machines
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Frank Norris, Stephen Crane, and Jack London belonged to a literary movement called:
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naturalism.
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The author of Sister Carrie was
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Theodore Dreiser.
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Progress and Poverty argued that
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nobody had the right to the value accrued from the land
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Thorstein Veblen:
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wrote about "conspicuous consumption" and "conspicuous leisure."
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The New York Consumers League:
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sought to make the public aware of degrading labor conditions
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One of the earliest leaders of the social gospel movement was
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Washington Gladden
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Saloons were especially popular among:
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male immigrants
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Chicago's Hull House was designed to assist
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slum dwellers.
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In 1869 the women's movement split on the issue of:
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whether or not the movement should concentrate on female suffrage to the exclusion of other feminist causes.
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Which of the following statements best describes the status of women's suffrage in the early twentieth century?
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Several states, all in the West, had adopted women's suffrage
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When Mark Twain and Charles Dudley Warner labeled the post-Civil War era the "Gilded Age" they implied that it was characterized by:
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widespread greed and corruption
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One issue on which there were clear-cut divisions between Democrats and Republicans in the Gilded Age was:
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the tariff.
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Who was known as "His Fraudulence"?
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Rutherford B. Hayes
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Voters in the Gilded Age
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turned out in large numbers; 70 to 80 percent voter turnout was not rare.
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Of the following, which would most likely have been a Gilded Age Republican?
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a prohibitionist
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The Stalwarts:
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were also known as the Half-Breeds
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Which of the following best describes Rutherford B. Hayes and civil service reform?
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Hayes was unable to get civil service legislation through Congress, but he set up his own rules for merit appointments
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Chester A. Arthur was:
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connected with the New York Customs House corruption before he became president
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As president, Chester Arthur proved to be:
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surprisingly competent and independent.
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The so-called Mongrel Tariff of 1883:
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lowered the average duty on imports by less of a decrease than President Arthur supported.
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The Civil Service Reform bill:
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provided for appointment to a number of government jobs on the basis of competitive exams.
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A reference in the 1884 presidential campaign to "rum, omanism, and rebellion":
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All of the above are true
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Mugwumps led the Democrats to nominate:
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Grover Cleveland.
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Grover Cleveland:
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was the first Democrat elected to the White House since the Civil War
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Grover Cleveland showed political courage when he vetoed legislation favored by:
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Union veterans`
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One major argument Cleveland made for reducing tariffs was that:
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the federal government had a surplus of revenue
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The Interstate Commerce Act:
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was created to regulate railroads
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In 1887, President Cleveland devoted his entire annual message to the tariff. Congress reacted by:
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refusing to lower the tariff significantly, despite Cleveland's call for such a reduction
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Benjamin Harrison was elected president:
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although he received fewer popular votes than the loser, Grover Cleveland
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During the first two years of President Benjamin Harrison's term:
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All the above statements are true
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Which of the following groups did not support increased coinage of silver?
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elite business leaders
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Following the 1893 depression, Coxey's Army:
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demanded government jobs for the unemployed
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One of the causes of the 1893 depression was failure of:
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a British bank
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In the presidential election of 1896, William Jennings Bryan:
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is correctly described by all the above statements
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The so-called crime of '73 referred to:
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the congressional decision to drop the provision for the coinage of silver.
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In the case of Munn v. Illinois, the Supreme Court:
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upheld a law involving warehouse regulation.
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The subtreasury plan:
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allowed farmers to secure low-interest government loans.
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All the following were included in the 1892 Omaha Platform of the People's party except:
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halting the free and unlimited coinage of silver.
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In the presidential election of 1892, the Populist candidate:
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won about a million votes
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The group that benefited most from the Depression of 1893 in the elections of 1894 was the:
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Republicans.
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"You shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold!" This statement was made by:
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William Jennings Bryan.
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J. M. Chivington
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led massacre of 200 Indians at Sand Creek
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James Buchanan Duke
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developed Southern Power Company
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Joseph Glidden
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inventor of barbed wire
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Henry W. Grady
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editor of Atlanta Constitution
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Benjamin Singleton
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promoted black migration to West
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Joseph G. McCoy
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convinced railroad executives to run lines westward to accommodate cattle drives
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Francis G. Newlands
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promoted irrigation projects for the West
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Ida B. Wells
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helped found the NAACP
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Homer Plessy
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Louisiana octoroon
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Booker T. Washington
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educated at Hampton Institute
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Aaron Montgomery Ward
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began selling goods by mail
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Andrew Carnegie
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president of the AFL
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Eugene V. Debs
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presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
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H. C. Frick
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president of the Homestead Steel Works
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Jay Gould
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railroad "robber baron"
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Samuel Gompers
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developed a military telegraph system during the Civil War
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John D. Rockefeller
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founded Standard Oil
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Thomas Edison
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invented the first incandescent light bulb
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Cornelius Vanderbilt
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consolidated railroad lines into New York Central
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George Westinghouse
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invented air brake for trains and developed alternating-current system
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Jane Addams
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Hull House
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Alexander Cartwright
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father of organized baseball
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William James
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wrote Pragmatism
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Samuel Langhorne Clemens
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Mark Twain
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Stephen Crane
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wrote Maggie: A Girl of the Streets
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John Dewey
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leader of progressive education movement
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Henry George
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wrote Progress and Poverty
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Frederick Law Olmstead
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designed and planned Central Park
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Thorstein Veblen
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wrote Theory of the Leisure Class
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Lester Frank Ward
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chief spokesman for Reform Darwinism
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James G. Blaine
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senator from Maine
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William Jennings Bryan
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Democratic presidential candidate in 1896
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Grover Cleveland
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elected to two nonconsecutive terms as president
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Jacob S. Coxey
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led march on Washington to demand that the federal government provide unemployed people with meaningful work
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Mark Hanna
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McKinley's campaign manager
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Rutherford B. Hayes
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husband of "Lemonade Lucy
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Oliver H. Kelley
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founded the Grange
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Charles W. Macune
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proposed large-scale farm cooperatives
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John Sherman
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secretary of the Treasury under Hayes
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James B. Weaver
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Populist presidential candidate in 1892
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