Unit 5 Practice Quiz (Part 3)
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Selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors are frequently prescribed for the treatment of
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Depression
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Lithium is often an effective ________ drug
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Mood- stabilizing
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Which branch of psychology is most directly concerned with the study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another?
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Social psychology
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Attribution theory was designed to account for:
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How people explain others' behavior
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Fritz Heider concluded that people tend to attribute others' behavior either to their:
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Dispositions or their situations
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The fundamental attribution error refers to our tendency to underestimate the impact of ________ and to overestimate the impact of ________ in explaining the behavior of others.
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Situational influences; personal dispositions
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Freire did very poorly on his last arithmetic test. The tendency to make the fundamental attribution error might lead his sixth-grade teacher to conclude that Freire did poorly because
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He is unmotivated to do well in school
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We have a tendency to explain the behavior of strangers in terms of ________ and to explain our own behavior in terms of ________.
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Personality traits; situational constraints
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Carol is restless during class because her professor's distressed facial expressions lead her to believe that he dislikes teaching. The professor, on the other hand, is distressed because he sees Carol's restlessness as an indication that she lacks any motivation to learn. At this point, both student and professor should be informed of the dangers of
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The fundamental attribution error
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Attitudes are ________ that guide behavior.
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Belief- based feelings
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Philip Zimbardo devised a simulated prison and randomly assigned college students to serve as prisoners or guards. This experiment best illustrated the impact of:
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Role- playing on attitudes
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Having observed participants in his simulated prison study, Philip Zimbardo offered an explanation for the destructive behavior of U.S. military guards at Iraq's Abu Ghraib Prison. Zimbardo's explanation best exemplified:
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A situational attribution
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The discomfort we feel when two thoughts are inconsistent is called:
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Cognitive dissonance
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Which theory best explains why our actions can lead us to modify our attitudes?
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Cognitive dissonance theory
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Research participants believed that the Asch conformity test involved a study of:
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Visual perception
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Solomon Asch reported that individuals conformed to a group's judgment of the lengths of lines:
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Even when the group judgment was clearly incorrect
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Normative social influence results from peoples' desire to:
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Gain social approval
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Most people are likely to be surprised by the results of Milgram's initial obedience experiment because:
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the "teachers" were more obedient than most people would have predicted
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The Milgram obedience experiments were controversial because the:
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"teachers" were deceived and frequently subjected to stress
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In Milgram's obedience experiments, "teachers" were most likely to deliver high levels of shock when:
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the learner was placed in a different room from the teacher
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According to Milgram, the most fundamental lesson to be learned from his study of obedience is that:
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Even ordinary people, who are not usually hostile, can become agents of destruction
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In Milgram's obedience experiments, "teachers" exhibited a somewhat lower level of compliance with an experimenter's orders when:
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the experiment was not associated with a prestigious institution like Yale University
