Unit 3: World History - Flashcards

Q: Heretic

someone who has beliefs that contradict a religion\'s doctrine

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Crucifixion

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a form of execution where the victim is bound or nailed to a cross

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Doctrine

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ideas that are taught as truth in a religion

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Gospel

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the teachings of Jesus Christ and the story of his life

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Heretic

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someone who has beliefs that contradict a religion's doctrine

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Messiah

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someone regarded as a savior or liberator of a people

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Trinity

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the union of three persons in Christianity, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit

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The four books of the New Testament that detail the life and teachings of Jesus are called _____.

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gospels

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Christianity is a ________ religion.

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monotheistic

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The sacred text of Christianity is the Bible which is composed of the _____.

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Old and New Testament.

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Emperor _________ established the Edict of Milan in 313.

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Constantine

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Chattel

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a type of slavery where the slave is the sole property of the master with no rights

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Infanticide

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the practice of killing newborn babies or infants

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Populace

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the general public living in a city or region

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Subordinate

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being lower in rank or status to another person

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Syncreticm

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philosophy that attempts to combine different systems of beliefs or practices

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The _________ depicts the role and status of women in Indian society.

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Ramanaya

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Chandragupta rebelled against the governors of _____.

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Alexander

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What Indian ruler was converted to Buddhism?

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Ashoka

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The main trade route that connected China with Rome was called the _____.

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Silk Road

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The state religion of the Han Dynasty was _____.

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Confucianism

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What things did the Han Dynasty standardize?

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Writing; Weights and Measures

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What are the reasons for the Olmec civilization to be the "mother culture" of later Mesoamerican societies

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a 365-day calendar; building pyramids and temples; cultivating corn; similar religious rituals; the same gods of fertility, sky and nature, and war

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The Olmec civilization was located in _____.

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Mesoamerica

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The two classical civilizations in India were the Maurya and Gupta Empires.

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-The Mauryan Empire was the first to unify India. -The most famous Mauryan leader was Ashoka, who denounced violence and took up Buddhism. -Buddhism believes all human suffering is caused by human desire that can be controlled. -The Gupta Empire was known for its magnificent art, architecture, and literature. -Indian women were expected to be subject to men and could not select their marriage partner.

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The Han Dynasty was broken into two parts; the Former and the Latter.

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-It was the longest dynasty in Chinese history. -The Han Empire adapted Confucianism as the state philosophy. -Confucius placed emphasis on morality, justice, sincerity, and social relationships. -The Han Dynasty began an examination for the people to determine who could get a government job. -The greatest Han ruler was Han Wu Ti. -It was a male-dominated society. -The practice of foot binding was done on many girls. -They greatly expanded the Silk Road.

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The Olmec civilization was the "mother culture" to the Mayans, Incas, and Aztecs.

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-Olmec means "rubber people" because they used rubber to make balls and other things. -They developed drainage systems. -They built large stone heads. -They disappeared mysteriously. -They used a 365-day calendar.

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Siddhartha Gautama founded the religion of _____.

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Buddhism

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The two hundred years of Roman Peace (30 B.C. - A.D. 235) is called _____.

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Pax Romana

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Pompey, Crassus, and Julius Caesar composed the _____.

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First Triumvirate

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metallurgy

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the study of metals and the process for refining and making things from them

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aristocracy

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people of the highest social class or nobility

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cynicism

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a philosophy that doubts the attitude, beliefs, or character of others

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democracy

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a form of government where every citizen gets to participate

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diaspora

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the scattering of a people from their homeland

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Torah

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the primary holy book of Judaism

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syncretism

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philosophy that attempts to combine different systems of beliefs or practices

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Socratic method

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a means of arriving at truth by questioning, obtaining answers, and criticizing the answers

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skepticism

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philosophy that believes true knowledge is not possible

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polytheistic

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a belief that many gods control the universe

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philosophy

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a particular system of thought or doctrine

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oligarchy

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a small group of people who together govern a nation

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monotheistic

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a religion that worships one god

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messiah

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someone regarded as a savior or liberator of a people

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inductive reasoning

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reaching conclusions based on observation

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Match the famous Greek philosopher with the writing or idea attributed to him.

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Socrates; Socratic Method Plato; The republic Aristotle; Inductive reasoning

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World History is the story of the interaction between _________, the environment, and ideas that form _________, societies, and civilizations.

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people; cultures

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Egypt and Kush believed in a _________ form of religion.

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polytheistic

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The Xiongnu and Scythians were ____________ tribes.

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nomadic

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Ashoka was the famous king of ______ who renounced violence.

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maurya

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Roman civil law was written down on __________ tables.

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twelve

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This Roman issued the Edict of Milan, which formally established tolerance for all religions

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Constantine

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The three kings that reigned during the Golden Age of Israel were:

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David, Solomon, and Saul.

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This became the universal language with changes done by the Romans.

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Latin

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Aristotle's teacher

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Plato

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Reasons why Kush is considered a satellite of Egypt are:

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Their pyramids and tombs are similar. They had similar religious beliefs and gods. Their art and architecture were much the same.

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Reasons why Kush was its own distinct culture include:

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development of own language religious beliefs that predate Egypt

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The world's oldest recognized monarchy is found in _____.

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Kush

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The three main kings during the golden age of Israel were _____.

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Davids, Solomon, Saul

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The Hebrew nation was split into two parts: _____.

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Israel and Judah

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This tribe migrated across Africa bringing iron technology with it.

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Bantu

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Two things societies with iron technology developed socially are _____.

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divisions of labor hierarchical social classes

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The Xiongnu and Scythians greatly influenced this region.

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Central Asia

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The Asiatic Huns were also known as the _____.

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Xiongnu

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Most of what we know about the Scythians comes from the _____.

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Romans and Greeks

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The Xiongnu became the direct ancestors of the Mongols, who ruled China up to World War I.

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FALSE

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The Jewish Torah is composed of _____ books.

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Five

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This tribe migrated across Africa, bringing iron technology with it.

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Bantu

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The Scythians and Xiongnu were _____ societies.

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Nomadic

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Judaism, like Christianity and Islam, traces its roots to _____.

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Abraham

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The single most important event in Jewish history is their exodus from _____.

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Egypt

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Evidence seems to suggest that the art of metallurgy began in _____.

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Africa

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Place these languages in the order they appeared.

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Egyptian; Semitic; Phoenician; Greek; Roman

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omnipotent omniscient omnipresent

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all powerful all knowing in all places at all times

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The _____ language was spoken in Egypt.

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Coptic

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Which of these regions was not influenced by the Scythians?

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Africa ---- But Afghanistan, Russia, Mediterranean were

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In what order did the four diasporas mentioned in the lesson occur?

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Assyrian Babylonian Greek Roman

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The sacred book of Judaism is called the _____.

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Torah

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The Scythians divided into what two branches?

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Iranian and Indian

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Some of the benefits of iron technology in agriculture include:

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More land could be cleared. More diverse crops could be grown.

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This leader made all citizens over thirty eligible to serve on the council and gave more power to the Citizen Assembly.

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Cleisthenes

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This first Athenian reform leader established the Citizen's Assembly, forbade enslavement for debts, and made fathers responsible for seeing that their sons learned a trade.

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Solon

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The alliance of Greek city-states was called the _____.

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Delian League

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The defining moment in Greek history is the _____ wars.

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Persian

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This battle eliminated Persian influence in Greece and Athens.

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Salamis Bay

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Plato's famous teacher was _____.

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Socrates

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A civilization whose impact can be felt on history for a very long time is called _____.

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Classical

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______ is considered the father of Greek tragedy.

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Aeschylus

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The introduction of female characters in plays is attributed to _____.

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Euripides

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The Socratic method is named after this Greek philosopher.

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Socrates

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Inductive reasoning is attributed to _____.

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Aristotle

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From the lesson, the discovery of philosophy can be attributed to the _____.

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Egyptians

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Which of the regions or nations did Alexander not conquer?

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Italy and China; but did Indus Valley, Egypt, Mesopotamia

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After Alexander's death, Greece and Macedonia were ruled by _____.

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Antipater

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Alexander the Great eventually established his administrative headquarters at _____.

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Babylon

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Alexander was the son of _____.

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Philip II

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After Alexander's death, Egypt was ruled by _____.

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Ptolemy

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The philosophy that believed pleasure was the greatest aim in life was called _____.

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Epicureanism

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This philosophy believed it was important to completely control one's passions and emotions.

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Stoicism

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The __________ is considered the sacred text and holy scriptures of Zoroastrianism.

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Avesta

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Many regard Zoroastrianism as the first __________ religion in the world.

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Monotheistic

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Herodotus is famous for writing _____.

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The Histories

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A ________ was a Persian provincial governor.

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Satrap

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The location of the famous stand by three hundred Spartans against the Persian army is called _____.

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Thermopylae

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The way of life where a person withdraws from society to devote self to prayer and solitude is called _____.

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Monasticism

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Cyrus Cambyses Darius Xerxes

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1-respected the customs and religions of the people he conquered 2-one of the few generals in history to ever conquer and occupy Egypt 3-was defeated by the Greeks at the Bay of Marathon 4-was defeated by the Greeks at the Bay of Salamis

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The library at _____ in Egypt became the center of research, literature, and science.

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Alexandria

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The Greek philosophy of exploring all possibilities and examples before reaching a conclusion is called _____.

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Inductive Reasoning

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The famous philosophy work the Republic, which envisioned a utopia, was written by _____.

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Plato

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One of the legends surrounding the origins or Rome involves two brothers _____.

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Romulus and Remus

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The early Roman government was a ________.

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Monarchy

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Roman society was composed of two groups:

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Plebeians Patriarchs

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The rulers of Italy before the Romans were the _____.

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Etruscans

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Which of the following was not one of the Roman Senate's powers in the early days?

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exercise complete control over the common people or plebeians; BUT THESE WERE: -check and balance on the king's power -judge the actions of the king -approval or veto of a new king

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The First Triumvirate consisted of _____.

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Crassus Pompey Julius Caesar

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This Roman leader was assassinated in 46 B.C.

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Julius Caesar

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The end to the Roman Republic occurred when ________ came to power.

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Caesar Augustus

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cataract: a series of rapids and waterfalls on a river collective learning:the ability to learn and transfer knowledge to others consonant:a speech sound other than a vowel indigenous:people groups that are native to a region logographic:a system of writing in which signs or characters represent meanings, such as modern Chinese mercenaries:professional soldiers paid to fight for a country other than their own. polytheistic:a belief that many gods control the universe

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covenant a solemn agreement between two or more parties diaspora the scattering of a people from their homeland Messiah Someone regarded as a savior or liberator of a people - e.g., Jesus Christ monotheistic a belief in one god controlling the universe protectorate a region controlled and defended by a more powerful state religion beliefs concerning the existence, nature, and worship of a deity or deities revenue money that comes into a business from the sale of goods or services Torah the primary holy book of Judaism

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anvil a piece of iron on which heated metal is beaten into shapes hierarchical the formally ranked order of a group metallurgy the study of metals and the process for refining and making things from them savannah large flat grassland located in a tropical or subtropical region smelting to melt ore in order to get metal from it steppe a vast, semi-arid, usually grassy plain vassal someone who shows loyalty to another in return for being allowed to occupy land

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anarchy absence of any system of government in a society aristocracy people of the highest social class or nobility democracy form of government allowing every citizen to participate despot a tyrant or ruler with absolute powers oligarchy a small group of people who together governs a nation tyranny exercising power with cruelty and injustice tyrant a person who exercises power with cruelty and injustice

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anthropomorphic human form and behavior attributed to deities in mythology hubris excessive arrogance or ambition that leads to the downfall of a hero inductive reasoning reaching conclusions based on observation metaphysical the philosophical study of the nature of being and beings mythology stories which are not necessarily true about ancestors, heroes, and gods philosophy a particular system of thought or doctrine Socratic method a means of arriving at truth by questioning, obtaining answers, and criticizing the answers sophistry method of argumentation that seems clever but is flawed or dishonest utopia an ideal or perfect place where everyone lives in harmony virtue the state of being moral, good, or righteous

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cynicism a philosophy that doubts the attitude, beliefs, or character of others dynasty a succession of rulers from the same family judiciary the branch of government that administers justice skepticism philosophy that believes true knowledge is not possible syncretism philosophy that attempts to combine different systems of beliefs or practices monasticism-way of life where a person withdraws from society to devote self to prayer and solitude satrap-a Persian provincial governor

Unit 3: World History – Flashcards

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