Unit 3 – Great War, FLVS U.S. History 3.03 The Great War, The Great War – Exam 3 – Flashcards
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What is similar between Bolivar and San Martin?
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--Led revolutions against Spain for independence. --Both helped other countries throw off Spanish rule.
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What did the Missouri Compromise do?
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Divided the territory acquired in the Louisiana Purchase into two distinct areas. North of a certain line, slavery was illegal; south of that line, slavery was legal.
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Who was Guiseppe Garibaldi?
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--He led many of the military campaigns that brought about the formation of a unified Italy. --Motivated by nationalism, Italians worked toward uniting their smaller states against Austria's rule (1848-1860). --Due to wide regional differences, Italy was not truly united. --Camillo Benso, conte di Cavour was a leading figure in the movement toward Italian unification.
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What was the Congress of Vienna?
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-International conference held 1814-15 to agree the settlement of Europe after the Napoleonic Wars. -Formation of the German Confederation -Total unification would not be achieved, however, until Otto von Bismarck.
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Who was Otto Von Bismarck?
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--Prussia's prime minister. --Increased Prussia's military with the goal of uniting the German states. -In 1870, Bismarck provoked a war with France. In 1871, these southern states joined with Bismarck in a unified Germany.
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Who was Alexandar II?
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--Late 1800s --Russian Czar --Freed serfs and gave them land to develop market economy
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Who was Alexander III
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--Opposed his father's reforms --Jews frequently attacked
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What were the Decembrists?
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--Secret society --Led to revolt --Refused to accept Nicolas I as czar --Government stopped rebellion
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What happened during Bloody Sunday (1905)?
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--Russian troops fired onto protest, organized by Father Gapon in 1905. --Rebellion followed --Czar Nicholas II promised reforms
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What were the causes of the Russian Revolution?
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--The driving force was the shift industrial society. --Czar Nicholas II never delivered on promised reforms -Russians resented WWI deaths -The Bolsheviks, led by Lenin gained control of Russia and transitioned it to a communist country.
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What was the British East India Company?
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--Started British dominance in India during the mid-1700s. --Indians who fought in the British military (sepoys) had to infringe upon their religious beliefs. --Muslim and Hindu sepoys refused to use the cartridges and they rebelled. Led to SEPOY MUTINY. British troops put down the rebellion.
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What was the British Raj?
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--British control in India --Britain created transportation networks to make military movement and trade more feasible. --The Indian National Congress and Muslim League --Swadeshi was a boycott of British goods
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How did imperialism impact CHINA?
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--Chinese government would not directly involve itself in dealings with Western traders. Instead, this task was assigned to special Chinese merchants known as COHONG. --Foreign merchants could only communicate with government officials through Cohong intermediaries. Western traders wanted to remove these regulations.
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How did imperialism impact JAPAN?
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--Initially, Japan resisted trade with the West. -In 1853, US Commodore Matthew Perry visited Japan and forced the Japanese to sign trade agreements with America. --The Japanese saw trade with the West as a way to strengthen their nation, and used the revenues from the trading to modernize and industrialize their country.
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What was the Berlin Conference?
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European countries laid claims to African territory. SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA
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What was the The Schlieffen Plan?
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--Before WWI broke out, Count Alfred von Schlieffen developed a plan to invade France in 1905. --From several points along the border, German troops would sweep through Belgium into northern France and destroy the French armies at Paris.
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What were the MAIN causes of WWI?
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Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism
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What were the two ALLIANCES during WWI?
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Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire Allied Powers: France, Italy, Russia, Great Britain, United States
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What was the Armenian Massacre?
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During World War I, nearly 1.5 million of the 2 million Armenians were massacred. During the war, leaders of an extremist Turkish group took control of the region. Shortly thereafter, Armenian men were killed and the women, children, and elderly were sent on death marches through the desert.
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What role did the US play in the beginning of WWI?
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-The United States was neutral -Entered war after the NOTE (written by German diplomat Arthur Zimmerman suggested that Mexico attack the United States) and the BOAT (American were killed when Lusitania was sunk by a German U-boat) . --War ended 11/11/18
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What was the Fourteen Point plan?
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President Wilson called for peace, a reduction in weapons, and more rights for the people. Treaty of Versailles--limit Germany's capability of gaining strength. Creation of the League of Nations. (US Senate refused to ratify) Austrian-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires ceased to exist.
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What was the Long March?
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China succumbed to civil war between the Guomindang, a nationalist group, and the Communist Party forged an agreement. However, communist leader Mao Zedong survived. He led nearly 100,000 Red Army soldiers on a march seeking a safe haven for communists in China.
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What was the Salt March?
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After Gandhi's release from prison (for organizing boycotts and protests), he led thousands of Indians on a 200-mile march to protest a salt tax levied on the Indians.
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What was Black Tuesday?
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-Stock Market crash on October 29, 1929, known as Black Tuesday started the Great Depression. -The Great Depression began in the United States and spread to every part of the world.
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Which of the following events forced the United States into World War I?
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It was Germany's resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare" that forced the United States into World War I, since this led the Germans to sink ships that were carrying US citizens.
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The United States responded to the sinking of the Lusitania by doing which of the following?
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Issuing Germany an ultimatum and accepting the Sussex Pledge
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In asking Congress to declare war, Wilson said, "The world must be made safe for democracy." This statement suggests that Wilson wanted to go to war because
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He wanted to help design the peace settlement
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"They joined the war effort on the side of the Allies because they thought it would bring them independence after the war." What nation or people does this sentence describe?
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African colonies of France and Britain
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Which of these describes Wilson's position on the war during the 1916 campaign?
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He hoped to avoid war but expected that the U.S. would be drawn in.
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Which of these events happened last?
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France refused Germany's request to remain neutral.
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Why did Germany abandon the "Sussex Pledge?"
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"To stop the supplies going to Britain and France" was the one reason among the following choices given in the question why Germany abandoned the "Sussex Pledge". The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the second option. I hope that this is the answer that has helped you.
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Which statement summarizes ordinary Americans' attitude toward the war in Europe?
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They felt that the war was none of their business.
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Which of these groups benefited from American trade policy during the early years of the war in Europe?
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American banks and businesses
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Which of the following is attributed to countries who raced to build up their navies after 1900?
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militarism, as Britain was the world's dominant naval power and Germany was anxious to catch up
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What was Germany's greatest problem at the beginning of the war?
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Having to fight a two front war between France and Russia
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Ideas of nationalism within its empire particularly threatened which of these European nations in 1914?
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"Austria-Hungary" are the Europeans nations where the ideas of nationalism within its empire particularly threatened in the year 1914. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the fourth option or the last option. I hope that this is the answer that has come to your desired help.
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When and why was the Great War triggered?
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-In 1914 A Serbian assassin kills the heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian empire. -Each of the European countries is pulled into the war b/c of alliances with each other in place. -1914 US declares neutrality.
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Why was the great war considered the first modern war?
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-Airplanes dropping bombs, tanks, machine guns, and gas used for the first time in a war. -Trench warfare.
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What was trench warfare like?
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-Soldiers would live in narrow strips of dug out ground and they would shoot over the trench to kill other soldiers in trenches -It didn't result in a lot of territorial gain. -Men would live in these trenches for years -Was the cause of a lot of the bloodshed from gunfire and living conditions.
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Who were the allies and why was England one of them?
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-Allies: Britain, France, and Russia. -We had a natural cultural affinity for England and we had economical gains b/c a major part of our economy was selling to England.
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Who were the central powers?
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Germany, Austria Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire/Turkey
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What were the customs of U-Boat warfare?
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Traditional rules were you warn a boat that you were about to sink so that the passengers could exit the ship before it sank.
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How did Germany almost make the U.S. enter the war?
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-They began sinking U-Boats without warnings and though they targeted British ships, American ships were sunk as well. -They sank the Lusitania, an American passenger ship that had 1200 Americans on board. -He uses diplomacy and gets Germany to agree to no longer ship any more passenger boats.
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On what platform did Woodrow Wilson run for re-election?
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-He runs for election again using the slogan of not going to war and that he kept America out of war and as a result won, however 5 months later America joins the war.
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What was the Zimmerman Telegram and what did it do in terms of Americans joining the war?
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-It was an intercepted letter from german prime minister to Mexico saying that if they joined Germany, Germany would return all the land that the US had taken from them. -This angers the US citizens and incentives the American people to want to join the war.
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What was the last straw that pushed America to join the war?
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-Germany sinks 5 more American boats after saying it no longer would do so.
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Why did Woodrow Willson feel it was time to go to war?
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-After the Germany boat bombings, he asked congress for a declaration of war to make the world safe for Democracy.
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Casualties of The Great War
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-America lost approximately 115,000 -European countries lost millions however. -Most of the casualties in on the European side was due to the spread of influenza flu from American troops to Germany, severely crippling their number of troops.
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The U.S. government progressiveness during the war.
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States would allow the the government to regulate economy for the sake of the war.
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What was the draft? What reasons did people like or dislike it?
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-Everyman between the ages of 18 and 31 and to enlist in the armed forces. -Many Americans didn't like it b/c it felt un-American to them, however were in favor of it because they thought it would unify the nation.
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African Americans in the draft.
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-They were also drafted into labor, but most of them did patty labor, but some did see action serving under France's military.
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What were war bonds and what was their purpose?
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-War bonds were pieces of paper you could buy from the government that you could redeem for more money later; they were seen as the patriotic thing to buy. -War bonds were being pushed so that the war could be funded.
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How did the market respond to government trying to regulate it?
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-The market was much more willing during the war time. -Private sector workers would volunteer ($1/month pay) to work in government agencies to help during the war time.
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Henry Ford and the government during the Great War.
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-The government told Henry Ford to stop making cars b/c it was wasting Iron and to make more tanks. Henry Ford objected but the government forced him by threatening to take over his companies.
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The railroads during the Great War
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The railroads were taken over doing the great war so that they could control timings and make it easier to coordinate things.
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What did the War Labor Board do?
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In return for not holding any strikes, which were seen as dangerous during the war, the workers would receive 8 hour work days, child labor laws,and other things the Union had been asking for, for a while.
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The Committee on Public Information
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-They were in charge of war propaganda who were supposed to explain to the Americans. -They took a different route and demonized the Germans making them look like blood hungry demons. -The propaganda made some people change their German names to their roots.
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What was the Espionage and Liberties Act
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-A law passed that would make spying and treason illegal. -In actuality speaking against the war in any way, even talking agains the draft, was grounds to be arrested for.
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What were Woodrow Wilson's 14 points
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-When going to make the treaty, he made these 14 points of how peace should be reached. -The main points were: -A call for openness -Called for self determination and that the people could determine how they wanted to be governed. -Creation of an international body of nations that would work to mediate problems between countries. -A peace without victory
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What was it meant by "a peace without victory" and what actually ended up happening?
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-Meant a peace without victory -The versa treaty did not reflect it; --Germany had to admit war fault --They were forced to pay for war costs for the other countries -Man people think the stress they were put under led to the rise of the Nazis.
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Woodrow Willson's League of Nations.
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-He gets his league of nations however but congress was against it because they felt America would be pulled into international matters. -Soon later, the league of nations was killed by congress and wasn't allowed to even be considered.
