U.S. History Urbanization and Immigration Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
What were "Wildcatters"?
answer
a person who drills wildcat wells, which are exploration oil wells drilled in areas not known to be oil fields.
question
Where was "Boiler Avenue" and what was it?
answer
was the densest drilling spot in Spindleton, Texas
question
What new method made in the 1850's made steel making faster and cheaper?
answer
the Bessemer Process
question
How long idd it take for the transcontinental railroad to be built?
answer
seven years
question
What was the name of the company that built the railroad westward?
answer
the Union Pacific Railroad
question
What was the name of the company that built the railroad eastward?
answer
the Central Pacific Railroad
question
On what date/year and location did the two lines meet?
answer
at Promotory, Utah, on May 10, 1869
question
What does the term laissez-faire mean?
answer
letting things take their own course, without interfering.
question
What is Social Darwinism?
answer
the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals.
question
What company did Andrew Carnegie own? Who did he sell it to?
answer
Carnegie Steel Company. banker Johnn Piepont Morgan
question
What was the Haymarket riot?
answer
was on May4, 1886 when a labor protest rally near Chicago's Haymarket Square turned into a riot after someone through a bomb at police. This was seen as a setback for the organized labour movement in America. The people convicted were viewed as martyrs.
question
Who was the "Wizard of Menlo Park"?
answer
Thomas Edison who invented the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb
question
Why would business leaders welcome the philosophy of Social Darwinism>
answer
it justifies big business' refusal to acknowledge labor unions and similar organizations, and implied that the rich need not donate money to the poor or less fortunate
question
What was the name of the the immigration station that was opened in 1982?
answer
Ellis Island
question
What did the Chinese Exclusion Act do?
answer
prohibited all immigration of Chinese laborers
question
what does the term americanization mean?
answer
the process of acculturation by immigrants or annexed populations
question
What does the term social gospel mean?
answer
Christian faith practiced as a call not just to personal conversion but to social reform.
question
What did the pendleton service act do?
answer
decided that government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of political affiliation.
question
What was the Populist Party? Who generally speaking supported them?
answer
people that were highly critical of capitalism. Common folk
question
brazen
answer
boldness/harshness
question
New Colossus Poem:
answer
not like brazen/ about the base of Statue of Liberty (mother of exiles) (come to America I"ll take care of you to the brazen (other) countries) but keep all of your traditions we'll take your trash
question
wretched refuse
answer
trash
question
pompous
answer
arrogant/traditional
question
1890's shift from Western and Northern to Southern and Eastern
answer
Western and Northern= good immigrants Southern and Eastern= bad immigrants ( they were of a different religion, didn't speak English)
question
Chinese and Japanese Immigrants arrived looking for
answer
gold and Jobs (Angel Island)
question
In 1890 there were _ as many Irish in N.Y. than in Dublin
answer
twice
question
the "Great Migration"
answer
immigration of Blacks to cities
question
Jane Adams
answer
formed settlement houses (Chicago)
question
Urban Problems
answer
housing/ transportation/ high crime rates/ sanitation
question
Jacob Riis
answer
didn't like the cruelty towards immigrants (book How the Other Half Lives)
question
How the Other Half Lives
answer
shows the reality of the dumbbell tenements
question
When was the Chicago Fire?
answer
1871
question
martial law
answer
military control of city or state (i.e. Chicago fire/ hurricane Katrina)
question
When was the San Fransisco Earthquake/ Fire
answer
1906
question
Five Points District
answer
New York City/ bad bad area (historically)
question
Political Machines
answer
-led by a political boss -fed on immigrants (supported by immigrants) -Roscoe Conkling, Jim Pendergast, Boss Tweed
question
Graft
answer
how Tweed made his money half is real the other is fake
question
Thomas Nast
answer
famous cartoonist
question
Jim Pendergast
answer
were corrupt city bosses in Kansas
question
Gilded Age
answer
covered in gold (gilded)
question
Mark Twain
answer
wants to be rich/ will step on others to get there "people are going to choose the cheapest and fastest way (quote) " things may look good on the surface but they're not
question
urbanization
answer
the growth of cities
question
Louis Sullivan
answer
big time builder
question
Frank Loyd Wright
answer
most famous American Arqiteque
question
Chicago built elevated trains
answer
the "el"
question
When did people did in a N.Y. city subway accident?
answer
November 1918 Considered worst subway accident in american history
question
Fredrick Law Olmsted
answer
designed New York's Central Park
question
The Chicago Plan: 4 major components
answer
1) usage of lakefront 2) neighborhood parks 3) harbors fro commercial and recreational use 4) city center
question
When was the Worlds columbian Exposition in Chicago?
answer
1893 honoring Columbus
question
Bicycle Mechanics from Dayton, Ohio
answer
Wilbur and Orville Wright
question
first flight
answer
1903 Kill Devil Hill in Kittyhawk North Carolina
question
Plessy VS. Ferguson
answer
Homer Plessy native Louisianan 8 to 1 decision Separate but equal Doctrine
question
Jim Crow
answer
segregation laws
