U.S. History – Ch 8 – Flashcards
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From 1775 until 1781, the Second Continental Congress existed without any
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Constitutional basis.
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Which states wanted Congress, under the proposed Articles of Confederation, to preserve western lands as a national domain that would eventually be sold off to settlers?
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States with no land claims to the west
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What did James Madison and Thomas Jefferson have to do before all the states accepted the Articles of Confederation?
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Agree to give up Virginia's western lands
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Why did many talented politicians prefer to devote their energies to state governments even after the ratification of the Articles of Confederation?
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Congress was often deadlocked.
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All postcolonial state constitutions shared what conviction about government?
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It rested on the consent of the governed.
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Most political writers of the 1770s and 1780s believed that republics could succeed only if they were
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Small.
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By 1789, slavery in Massachusetts had been effectively abolished by
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Judicial decision.
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What happened to bills for the general emancipation of slaves in the Upper South states of Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia?
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They were defeated.
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What did the superintendent of finance, Robert Morris, suggest as a solution to the confederation's postwar economic problems?
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An import tax
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What did the state of New York do after it failed to secure land from the Iroquois with an individual treaty?
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Sold the land even without the treaty
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How did Thomas Jefferson propose dealing with the national domain?
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Giving the land to settlers
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In 1786, a Massachusetts farmer and one-time captain in the Continental army named Daniel Shays
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Led a tax revolt.
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The delegates meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 were supposed to
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Revise the Articles of Confederation.
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What did the majority of the fifty-five men who assembled at Philadelphia in 1787 have in common?
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They were troubled by the limited confederation government.
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What did the 1787 Virginia Plan for restructuring the government call for?
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A strong national government
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In the final version of the Constitution, senators were to be elected by
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State Legislatures.
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After the delegates to the Philadelphia convention drafted the Constitution, they sent it to the
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Continental Congress
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Why did Georgians ratify the Constitution so quickly?
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They desired the protection of a strong national government.
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Antifederalists in Connecticut, Maryland, and South Carolina tended to be
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Rural
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What was the most widespread objection to ratifying the Constitution?
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It lacked any guarantees of individual liberties.
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To approve or amend the Articles of Confederation required the consent of
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All thirteen state delegations and state legislatures.
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Under the Articles of Confederation, to derive revenue to finance the war each state was to contribute to the common treasury
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Funds in proportion to the property value of the state's land.
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Why did many state leaders like the lack of centralized authority in the confederation government in the late 1770s?
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They felt it would prevent the potential tyranny of government.
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Because the Articles of Confederation had intentionally refrained from establishing an executive branch, the congress
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Created executive departments.
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There was widespread agreement in the 1770s that the only legitimate participants in government were the
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Propertied classes.
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In 1780s New Jersey, white women and free African Americans could vote if
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They owned property worth more than 50.
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Why did seven Massachusetts freemen to refuse to pay taxes for three years following the American Revolution?
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They were protesting their inability to vote.
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By 1790, approximately 10,000 freed Virginia slaves had formed local free black communities, complete with
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Schools.
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How did the Ordinance of 1784 affect the territory north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River?
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It guaranteed eventual statehood.
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How did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 affect African Americans?
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It prohibited slavery in the Northwest Territory.
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How did the governor of Massachusetts, James Bowdoin, respond to the 1786 tax revolt?
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He characterized the protestors as illegal rebels.
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What did Shays's Rebellion indicate about the confederation government?
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It could not handle civil disorder.
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The Great Compromise ended the logjam over what Constitutional problem?
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Apportionment of representation
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How was the slave population counted for the purpose of determining representation?
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Each slave counted as three-fifths of a person.
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Under the terms of the Constitution, how many times could a president run for reelection?
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An unlimited number of times
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How did the framers of the Constitution curb the excesses of democracy?
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Devising a government with limits and checks on all branches
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Which was the first state to give the Federalists difficulty during the ratification process?
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Massachusetts
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Antifederalists were convinced that, under the Constitution, elected representatives would always be
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from the upper class.
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Which Antifederalist conviction did James Madison challenge in essay number 10 of The Federalist?
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Republican government had to be small-scale.
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Which was the final state to ratify the Constitution?
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Rhode Island
