theories final multiple choice – Flashcards

1. From the perspective of feminist therapy, the socialization of women inevitably affects their: a. identity development. b. self-concept. c. goals and aspirations. d. emotional well-being. e. all of these

2. What do the four feminist philosophies (liberal, cultural, radical, and socialist feminism) have in common? a. the same view of the sources of oppression of women b. the same methods of bringing about societal change c. the same goal of activism d. a basic agreement that the therapist is the expert e. a basic agreement on the value of diagnosis in counseling

3. Stephanie, who believes strongly in feminist principles, is working in an agency that requires therapists to diagnose their clients using the DSM. Stephanie is likely to consider which of the following questions? a. Does my client suffer from Axis I or Axis II psychopathology? b. Who benefits from using this label? How might this label contribute to disempowering the person to whom it is assigned? c. If my client is diagnosed with a personality disorder, will the insurance company cover long-term treatment? d. When is the next DSM being published? I can hardly wait. What a great read!

4. Which of the feminist principles views the therapist as simply another source of information, rather than as the expert in the therapy process? a. The person is political. b. The counseling relationship is egalitarian. c. Women's ways of knowing are valued and their experiences are honored. d. A focus on strengths and a reformulated definition of psychological distress. e. All types of oppression are recognized.

5. Which of the following feminist principles recognizes the importance of working against oppression and discrimination on the basis of race, class, culture, religious beliefs, sexual orientation, age, and disability? a. The person is political. b. The counseling relationship is egalitarian. c. Women's ways of knowing are valued and their experiences are honored. d. A focus on strengths and a reformulated definition of psychological distress. e. All types of oppression are recognized.

6. Which of the following feminist principles implies that what has been typically viewed as individual clients' personal problems are really socially and politically caused? a. The person is political. b. The counseling relationship is egalitarian. c. Women's ways of knowing are valued and their experiences are honored. d. A focus on strengths and a reformulated definition of psychological distress. e. All types of oppression are recognized.

7. Although feminist therapy shares many of the premises of person-centered therapy, feminist therapy does not agree with the notion that: a. the therapeutic relationship is, in and of itself, sufficient to produce change. b. therapy is based on unconditional positive regard and acceptance. c. the therapeutic relationship should be a non-hierarchical one. d. therapy aims to empower clients to live according to their own values and to rely on an internal locus of control. e. therapists should be genuine rather than hiding behind an expert role.

8. After having a bad therapeutic experience with a mental health professional who pathologized her anxiety over financial issues, Lillian decided to consult with a feminist therapist. How is her new therapist likely to view her anxiety symptoms? a. as a sign of distress rather than psychopathology b. as an indication of deficits in her personality c. as irrational beliefs d. as a sign of unconscious conflicts that must be worked through

1. Which of the following is (are) a contribution of reality therapy? a. It helps clients deal emotionally with unfinished business from their past. b. It provides insight into the causes of one's problems. c. It provides a structure for both clients and therapist to evaluate the degree and the nature of changes. d. Most of its concepts have been subjected to empirical testing.

2. Reality therapy rests on the central idea that: a. thinking largely determines how we feel and behave. b. we choose our behavior and are responsible for what we do, think, and feel. c. environmental factors largely control what we are doing. d. the way to change dysfunctional behavior is to re-experience a situation in which we originally became psychologically stuck.

3. Glasser would agree with all of the following conclusions except: a. We are most likely to change if we are threatened by punishment. b. We do not have to be the victim of our past. c. We have more control over our lives than we believe. d. We strive to change the world outside ourselves to match our internal pictures of what we want. e. We often seek therapy when we do not have the relationships we want.

4. The core of reality therapy consists of: a. teaching clients how to acquire rational beliefs instead of irrational beliefs. b. helping clients to understand their unconscious dynamics. c. giving clients opportunities to express unresolved feelings. d. teaching clients to take effective control of their own lives.

5. A limitation of this approach as it applies to multicultural counseling is: a. oppressed clients may have little choice over their circumstances. b. this therapy provides specific tools to help clients make the changes they desire. c. the concept of the quality world is abstract and lacks cross-cultural appeal. d. reality therapists must be careful when adapting their approach to non-western cultures.

1. A solution-oriented therapist might ask her client, a compulsive shopper, which of the following questions? a. Who has the best shoe sale this week, Macy's or Nordstrom's? b. If a miracle happened and your shopping compulsion was solved overnight, how would you know it was solved, and what would be different? c. Who in your family is most affected when you go on a spending spree? d. At what point in your life did you develop this fixation on shopping?

2. The postmodern view incorporates all of the following concepts except for the notion that: a. reality is objectively defined. b. reality is based on the use of language. c. reality is socially constructed. d. each individual experiences their own unique reality.

3. Donna feels certain that no one will ever want to hire her because she has a timid personality. Her solution-oriented therapist would be most inclined to: a. explore her early childhood experiences with being rejected. b. consider her irrational belief to be indicative of psychopathology. c. ask Donna to examine another side of the story she is presenting about herself and think of times when she was accepted by others. d. prescribe medication for her anxiety issues.

4. In the view of the postmodern therapist, the most essential element of therapy is: a. assessment. b. the collaborative therapeutic relationship. c. diagnosis. d. brief course of treatment. e. skilled use of techniques.

5. All of the following are techniques used in solution-focused therapy except for: a. using the reflecting team b. scaling questions c. the miracle question d. formula first session task e. exception questions

1. A major contribution of Whitaker's approach to family therapy is: a. birth order as a determinant of personality. b. differentiation of the self. c. genogram work. d. spontaneity, creativity, and play as therapeutic factors in family therapy. e. the use of bibliotherapy as an adjunct to treatment.

2. Roger and his wife are experiencing tension in their relationship because he believes she is far too lenient with their children when they misbehave. This forces him to play the role of "bad cop" as a parent, which makes him angry. A family therapist working with Roger and his family might: a. help to modify the family's transactional rules and develop more appropriate boundaries. b. refer Roger to individual therapy since he clearly needs to work through his unresolved issues that are causing him to feel so angry. c. take Roger's side and educate his wife about appropriate disciplinary practices. d. focus on getting the children to stop misbehaving so that Roger and his wife won't experience this tension.

3. ____________________ views the counselor and therapist as an observer who is outside of the system, can assess what is going on, and can promote change—all without ever becoming part of the system. a. First-order cybernetics b. Second-order cybernetics c. Third-order cybernetics d. Fourth-order cybernetics

4. Chun Hei is a Korean immigrant who has been separated from her family and friends for over a year since she came to the U.S. with her husband. She spends her days taking care of their two young children while he goes to work, and feels increasingly depressed without her support system. It is likely that a family therapist who meets Chun Hei: a. would prescribe her antidepressant medication. b. would be very interested in how her depression affects others in the family and how it influences family process. c. would abandon using a systems approach, and treat her with cognitive behavioral methods. d. would be directive and tell her to convince her husband to go back to Korea so she will once again have family support.

5. Which approach assumes that a family can best be understood when it is analyzed from at least a three-generational perspective? a. Bowenian family therapy b. human validation process model c. social constructionism d. strategic family therapy e. experiential/symbolic family therapy

6. Which approach asserts that emotional fusion to one's family must be addressed if one hopes to achieve a mature and unique personality? a. Bowenian family therapy b. Adlerian family therapy c. social constructionism d. strategic family therapy e. solution-oriented therapy