The Industrial Revolution Study Guide – Flashcards
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The Industrial Revolution began in ____
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the late 1800s
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What were the living conditions of factories during the Industrial Revolution?
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Poor, barley any light. Had to work by gas light that was hanging from the ceiling. Hot in the summer and very damp.
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Realism was ____
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a movement that rejected romanticism and sought to portray lower- and middle-class life as it actually was.
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What was the role of women during this time period?
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Factory jobs & Domestic roles
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Who was Emmeline Pankhurst and what did she accomplish?
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She created the Women's Social and Political union in 1903 with her daughters.
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Define feminism.
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The movement for women's rights.
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What were the living conditions like during the Industrial Revolution?
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They were also poor and barely had any light.
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Richard Arkwright ____
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created the first water frame.
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Who was Samuel Slater?
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Industrial spy who stole designs from England and sold them. He also started the first factory in Rhode Island.
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Define capital.
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Money available for investment.
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Entrepreneurs were ____
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people who were interested in finding new business opportunities and new ways to make profits.
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What major social changes resulted because of the Industrial Revolution?
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The middle class advanced.
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James Hargreaves developed ____
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Spinning jenny
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Who was Robert Fulton?
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He built the first paddle-wheel steamboat.
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What happened during the Second Industrial Revolution?
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More jobs for women. Labor unions
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What major change during the Second Industrial Revolution provided for economic growth?
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Chemicals, Petroleum, & Electricity.
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What did the factory Act of 1833 do?
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Protected children from working in factories.
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Who was John Kay?
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Developed the flying shuttle
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What was the purpose of trade unions?
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To create better wadges, better working place, & better hours.
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What accomplished during the Industrial Revolution?
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Better wadges, better working conditions, & better machinery.
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What were the tactics used by unions? What was the response from factory owners?
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The ability to go on strikes. Could be sit in/walk outs/pickets.
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What was the most valuable product in Britain in the late 19th century?
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Cotton cloth
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James Watt ____
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created the steam engine.
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Who was Karl Marx? What did he believe?
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German who wrote "The Communist Manifesto". He believed that all of world history was a "history of class struggles".
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Who were the bourgeoisie?
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The middle class, including merchants, industrialists, and professional people.
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Who were the new elite?
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They were the rich, who made up about 5% of the population.
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What was rationalism?
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A system of thought expounded by Rene' Descartes based on the belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge.
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Define socialism.
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A system in which society, usually in the form of the government owns and controls the means of production.
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What is capitalism?
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You make the chooses. The government lets you higher, firer, and do what ever and whoever you want to.
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What was important about the cottage industry?
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Start building more things in own areas.
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Communism is ____
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Complete Dictatorship
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What was significant about the substitution of steel for iron?
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Steel is more dense than iron. Also is more cheaper and durable.
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Who was Guglielmo Marconi?
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He was the first to transmit radio waves across the Atlantic.
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Ministerial responsibility is the ____
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prime minister is responsible to the popular elected body.
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How did the domestic system of labor work?
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Merchants (raw fiber) Market The Domestic System Homes(thread) of Labor Homes (dyer) Homes (weaver)
