The Impact of the Industrial Age – Flashcards
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Which of the following did Samuel Morse invent or improve?
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the telegraph
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What advantages did the US have that made it ripe for rapid industrialization? Check all that apply.
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massive forests access to two oceans rich mineral resources fertile land
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The man who is considered one of the greatest inventors in history is
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Thomas Edison.
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The artistic movement that emerged as a result of industrialization was
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romanticism.
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In order to stop the spread of industrial technology, Britain
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forbade mechanics, engineers, and others from leaving the country.
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After Germany's unification in 1871, industrialization accelerated and
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constructed vast networks of railroads.
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An important development or discovery in science and medicine due to industrialization was
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Salk's development of a vaccine that could prevent polio.
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What is Andrew Carnegie most well known for?
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creating the largest, most powerful companies the world had seen
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The assembly line was perfected by
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Henry Ford
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Which country was the first to industrialize on the continent of Europe?
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Belgium
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Industrialization gave workers shorter working hours and time off on weekends, which allowed for
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more leisure time.
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The author who described the problems of industrialized England in his book Hard Times was
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Charles Dickens
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Which were new advancements and innovations that resulted from industrialization? Check all that apply.
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the use of electricity to power machinery in factories the perfection of the assembly line the use of water to power mills the creation of the Bessemer process for steel making
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At the end of the 1800s, the direct effect of more leisure time was that
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popular culture began to grow.
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Industrialization was able to take off in the United States because of the natural resources that we have, which are advantages:
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Waterways: which are deep and allow for boats to travel up and down, back and forth through. Rich mineral resources such as coal were able to be dug out of the ground. Fertile land, especially along the Great Plains. Massive forests as well.
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Samuel Slater
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immigrated to the United States in 1789. He was a young mill worker. He memorized the plans for building a spinning machine. Known as the father of the American Industrial Revolution.
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Lowell Mills was built by Francis Cabot Lowell, who pioneered the textile manufacturing in the United States in the following ways:
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Mills were built along the river because the moving water was the power source that turned the wheels. Francis Cabot Lowell mechanized every stage of the textile production. He improved the power loom. Led to and Increase of textiles to being produced. He hired and housed single female workers to work in his mill. And this allowed for women, for the first time ever in large numbers, to earn a wage. And this would really change the role of women in the United States society.
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The American industrialization exploded throughout the country following the:
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Civil War
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Steel manufacturing.
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Pushed along by men like Andrew Carnegie, who allowed for the Bessemer process, which made steel production much more efficient-- as well as meat packing.
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Assembly line
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was created and perfected by Henry Ford, the person who founded Ford Motors. It allowed for the creation of automobiles to be done much faster and much cheaper. So more people could get an automobile.
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Inventions and innovations turned the United States into a world:
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economic power.
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Thomas Edison
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Created the Electric light Bulb, run by electricity, which would eventually power factories. Edison is regarded as one of the greatest inventors in history. He founded one of the world's first modern research laboratory. And in his lifetime, he patented more than 1,000 inventions.
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Wright brothers.
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created the Airplane
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Samuel Morse
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created the Telegraph, he first way to ever send essentially a text message across the country.
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Spread of Industrialism in EUROPE
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Similar to in the United States, skilled workers secretly carried plans for building textile machinery. The first area to get some of those plans was BELGIUM, just across the canal from Great Britian. And consequently, it became the first to industrialize.
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GERMANY, which began to industrialize in the 1830s.
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limited mostly to the west, where there was already coal and iron resources. Industrialism was hindered because Germany was not unified until 1871. After 1871, after unification, industrialization accelerated or sped up because of the vast network of railroads being constructed. Second in steel production to the United States. Germany and the United States both are becoming Economic Powerhouses during this time period.
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FRANCE:
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French industrialization was slowed by political unrest, various revolutions.
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Industrialism's impact on CULTURE
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Discoveries in both SCIENCE and in MEDICINE
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Marie Curie
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made many great discoveries in chemistry and physics with her husband. And they really worked with radioactivity.
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Louis Pasteur
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made advancements in chemistry and in medicine. If you've ever drank a gallon of milk or any milk at all, it most likely has going through the pasteurization process, which was a process created by Louis Pasteur
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Emergence of ROMANTICISM, which stressed the human experience:
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emerged in the late 1700s. emphasized imagination, and emotion heavily influenced the arts, music, and literature.
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Edgar Allan Poe
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One famous America writer, who was a Romanticist was Edgar Allan Poe. His stories of suspense and horror actually still are being read in classrooms to this very day.
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Two other Romanticist writers were:
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William Wordsworth, who started the English romantic period. William Blake, who was an original and early romantic writer.
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Novelists who criticized industrialization. They criticized the excesses, the vices that they saw, the bad things that industrialization was bringing.
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Charles Dickens, who wrote about the hard times of industrialization Mark Twain, an American writer.
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The emergence of popular culture.
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began to grow in the late 1800s mass market for books and magazines that could be printed and sent out to the people very quickly. There were leisure activities and entertainment that took place. Rise of spectator sports. Europe- Soccer, or football United States boxing and baseball were king. Vaudeville and Motion pictures became very popular
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In 1848, you see revolution spread across Europe
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You see the unification of certain countries--for example, Italy and Germany.
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2nd Industrial Revolution would come to an end with the start of World War I.
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this second Industrial Revolution would have an enormous impact on World War I, especially in all these industrialized technologies. Especially in the form of weapons.
