The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography 11th edition chapter 1 – Flashcards
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The science of making maps
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Cartography
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The spread of something over a given area
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Concentration
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Relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space
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Connection
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The sustainable management of a natural resource
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Conservation
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The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population
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Contagious diffusion
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A geographic study of how humans react to the environment
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Cultural ecology
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The fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group; things human build
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Cultural landscape
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What people care about; food, history, religion, language, government
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Culture
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How much of something is in a given area
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Density
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The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time
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Diffusion
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The further from a characteristic you are the less likely you are to see it or interact with it
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Distance decay
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The arrangement of something across the earths surface
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Distribution
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Study of ecosystems
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Ecology
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A group of living organisms and the abiotic spheres with which the interact
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Ecosystem
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The environment determines what we use and what we do with it
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Environmental determinism
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The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in an additive/snowball process
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Expansion diffusion
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Area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics
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Formal region
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An area organized around a node or focal point
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Functional region
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The development and analysis of data about the earth acquired through satellite and other electronic information technologies
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Geographic information science (GIScience)
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A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data
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Geographic information system
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A system that determines the precise position of something through satellites, tracking stations, and receivers
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Global Positioning System
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Actions or processes that involve the entire world and in result making something worldwide in scope
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Globalization
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The time zone encompassing the prime meridian,or 0° longitude
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Greenwich mean time
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The region from which innovative ideas originate
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Hearth
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The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places
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Hierarchical diffusion
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A rapid increase in the value of houses followed by a sharp decline in their value
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Housing bubble
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the line approximately following the 180° meridian from Greenwich on the east side of which the date is one day earlier than on the west.
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International date line
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Used to indicate location of parallels drawn on and measuring north to south
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Latitude
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Earths crust and a portion of upper mantle directly below the crust
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Lithosphere
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The position of anything on the earth's surface
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Location
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The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on the globe and measuring distance east to west of the prime meridian 0°
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Longitude
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A two dimensional or flat representation of earths surface or a portion of it
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Map
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The reality ship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on earths surface
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Map scale
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A map based on what an individual knows about a place, containing personal impressions of what is in the place and where it is located
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Mental map
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An arc drawn on a map between north and south poles
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Meridian
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A chain of communication that connects places
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Network
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Something that is consumed faster than it is produced
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Nonrenewable resources
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A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians
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Parallel
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The geometric arrangement of something in a study area
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Pattern
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A specific point on earth distinguished by a particular characteristic
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Place
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Land created by draining water from an area
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Polder
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Theory that the physical environment my set limits, but people have the ability to change them
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Possibilism
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The maintenance of resources in their present condition with as little human impact as possible
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Preservation
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The meridian, designated as 0° longitude, that passes through the royal observatory at Greenwich, england
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Prime meridian
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A system used to transfer locations from earths surface to a flat map
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Projection
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An area distinguished by a combination of trends or features
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Region
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An approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in a particular study area
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Regional (or cultural landscape) studies
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The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another
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Relocation diffusion
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The acquisition of data about earths surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or from other long-distance methods
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Remote sensing
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Something produced in nature fast than it is consumed
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Renewable resource
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Substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible, and is socially acceptable to use
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Resource
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The relationship between the portion of earth being studied nod earth as a whole
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Scale
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Physical character of a place
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Site
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The location of a place relative to another place
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Situation
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The physical gap or interval between two objects
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Space
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The amount of time it takes to move something
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Space-time compression
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The spread of an underlying principal even though a specific characteristic is rejected
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Stimulus diffusion
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The use of earths renewable and nonrenewable natural resources in way that do not constrain use of them in the future
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Sustainability
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The name given to portion of earths surface
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Toponym
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A company that does business outside the location of its headquarters
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Transitional corporation
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The increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy
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Uneven development
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An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity
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Vernacular region
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Two things maps give
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Direction and information
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Clorapleth
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Color on a map
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How can you give information in a map
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Clorapleth, contour lines, dot density
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What is the issue with maps
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Distortion
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What is the least distorted map projection
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Robinson projection
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What is the most distorted map projection that is very helpful with the navigation of oceans
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Mercator projection
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Formula for scale
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The smaller the ratio the greater the land area shown
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Which has the largest scale: neighborhood, state, country
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Neighborhood
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How do latitude lines run
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East to west
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How do longitude lines run
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North to south
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What does a GIS do
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Layers information on top of a map
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What needs 4 of the 24 active satellites to pinpoint a location
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GPS
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What is a modern example of remote sensing
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Google earth
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Physical characteritics
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Site
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Location of a place based on reference
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Situation
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What is another name for a formal region
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Uniform region
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What is an example of a formal region
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Laws
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What is another name for a functional region
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Nodal region
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What are some examples of functional regions
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radio station, school, news paper
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What type of region is going away
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Functional
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Why are functional regions going away
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Technology
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What is another name for a vernacular region
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Perceptual region
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What does globalization involve
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The whole world
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What is an example of globalization
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McDonald's golden arches
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What is globalization doing to the world
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Making it more familiar
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To take part of a manufacturing process and do it in another country
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Outsourcing
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What is a way to define density
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How much of something in a given area
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What is a way to define density
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How much something is spread out
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What is it called when people move and take their culture
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Diffusion
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Hierarchical deffusion
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Spread of something from a person or place
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Washington DC
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What is and example of hierarchical diffusion
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Contagious diffusion
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Almost always references a desiese
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What is often makes contagious diffusion hard to contain
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Lack of Education
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What are the three pillars of sustainability
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Environment, society, economy
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What does conservation do
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Limits how much of something can be used
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What does preservation do
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Make something unusable
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Says that some people live based off their environment
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Society pillar
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What is the economy based off
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The environment
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What form of cultural ecology do we give more credit to
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Possibilsm
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How often do we react to the environment
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Constantly
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Dike
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What is a structure used to hold back water
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A larger scale on a map shows what kind of area
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Smaller area
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Google earth vehicles
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What is an example of ground truthing
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What kind of location do GPS use
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Mathematical and absolute
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The way two places relate to each other
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Spatial association
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Mild climate, cotton, low high school graduation rates, joined confederacy, and Baptist is the prevalent denomination
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Characteristics of the south
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A type of region in which something that doesn't work in another area works in this area.
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Functional
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Something that is useable is...
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Functional
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An example of something that could define a functional region
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Language
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A town hall, school, cabin, adobe; man-made
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Cultural landscape
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The spread of McDonald's is what type of diffusion
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Economic and cultural
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What enhances global movement
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Technology
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Why will we not ever have equal access to resources
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The way the world is built
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A grid-like pattern that is often used in America to organize land
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Township and range system
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What are the three branches of expansion diffusion
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Contagious, hierarchical, stimulus
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What type of diffusion often references desiese
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Contagious
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What type of time does environmental determinism often reference
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Ancient
