The Age of Enlightenment – Flashcards
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The Age of Enlightenment began in the a, 1600's b, 16th century c. 18th century d. 1700's
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a. 1600's
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The main idea of the Enlightenment philosophy was that people had the ability to a. believe b. reason c. read d. write
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b. reason
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One idea of the Enlightenment was that people were a. divided into social classes b. equal c. easy to convince d. unequal
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b. equal
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The idea of natural rights can be seen in our a. colonial school books b. Declaration of Independence c. Congress d. Bible
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b. Declaration of Independence
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Sir Issac Newton used a ________ method to make his discoveries a. historical b. superstitious c. random d. scientific
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d. scientific
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_______________ discovered calculus a. Newton b. Jefferson c. Voltaire d. Rousseau
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a. Newton
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Enlightenment ideas influenced revolution in a. North America b. Latin America c. Europe d. All of the above
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d. All of the above
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The ideas of the Age of Enlightenment were __________ the ideas of the Middle Ages a. similar to b. very different from c. exactly the same as d. none of the above
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b. very different from
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Why do you think the 1600's and 1700's were called the Age of Enlightenment?
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It was believed that the ability to reason would allow people to break away from the superstitious beliefs of the past. It was a radical new way of thinking for many Europeans. For centuries, they had accepted the teaching of certain leaders.
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Consent of the governed
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Citizens of a country give their permission to be governed by the country's government. If the government fails to protect citizens, citizens have the right to revolt.
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Social Contract
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An agreement where citizens give up some rights in exchange for government protection
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Democracy
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Some Enlightenment thinkers were afraid of this
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Constitution
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American document that recognized natural rights. The rulebook for a country's government. It explains what kind of government a country has and how that government functions. It tell how a country's laws are made, and explains the rights and responsibilities of citizens.
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Salon
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A place where city people gathered to discuss philosophy
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Natural rights
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the belief that individuals are born with basic rights that cannot be taken away by government, life, liberty, and property. Fundamental, basic rights people are born with
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Absolute
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The kind of authority a king had over citizens
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Heredity
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Obtaining something through family ties
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Enlightenment
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A period in European history when many educated people stressed the importance of learning and reasoning; education was considered the key to understanding and solving society's problems. A period of time when people developed new ideas about human existence and human rights
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State of Nature
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Life with complete freedom, no rules, and no government.
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Republicanism
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The idea that a country's leader should be chosen by the citizens in a general election.
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Checks and Balances
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a principle of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branches
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Individual liberty
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a person's ability to be free and independent
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Separation if power
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the structure of the federal government, according t o the U.S. Constitution, that sets up three branches with their ow distinct powers and responsibilities.
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Social contract
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an implied agreement among the people of an organized society that defines the rights, duties, and limitations of the governed and the government.
