Sacco and Vanzetti: Italian Immigrants Facing Prejudice, Isolationism, Communism & Anarchism
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Navitism
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Prejudice against foreign born people
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Isolationism
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A policy of pulling away from involvement in world affairs
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Communism
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An economic and political system based on a single party government pulled by dictatorship
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Anarchists
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People who opposed any form of government
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Who is Sacco and Vanzetti?
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Two Italian immigrants arrested for robbery and Murder of a paymaster and guard of a shoe store/suspected bc of their ethicity
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What did a republican decade dominate?
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All three branches of government
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What did a republican decade favor?
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Big business
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Who was president in the 1920 election?
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Warren Harding
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What is Harding's platform?
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\"Return to Normalcy\": a quieter time before the war and the progressive politics of Wilson
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What is disarmament?
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the reduction or withdrawal of military forces and weapons
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What is the Fordney-McCumber Tariff?
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Raised rates on many imports to protect American business
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What does foreign policy limit?
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Immigration
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What did Nativists mostly dislike?
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Catholics, Jews, or Orthodox Christians
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What did immigrants hold?
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Dangerous political views
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What were quotas?
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Set limits on how many immigrants came into the country
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What was the Teapot Dome Scandal?
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Harding dies from heart problems; America finds out about Harding's corruptions in his administration; Albert Fall(Secretary of interior) secretly gave oil drilling rights on government fields in Elk Hills, Cali. & Teapot Dome; Wyoming got two private oil companies for $300,000. Harding have presidency a black eye.
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Who was Coolidge?
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Harding's Vice President
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What was Coolidge's slogan?
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\"Keep cool with Coolidge\"
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What statement expresses Coolidge's support of unregulated business?
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\"The business of the American people is business.\"
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What did Coolidge favor?
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High protective tariffs, less gov't spending, $ lower taxes.
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What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact?
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Fifteen nations agreed not to use the threat of war in their dealings with one another
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Who does the republicans nominate when Coolidge doesn't run for reelection?
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Herbert Hoover; 1928
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What happened in late October 1929?
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stock prices suddenly plunged
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What started after the stock prices plunged?
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The Great Depression
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What is the Red Scare?
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intense fear of communism and other extreme ideas takes over America
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Who led the Russian Revolution?
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Lenin
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Who did Lenin preach from?
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Karl Marx's \"Communist Manifesto\"
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What are the principles of Communism?
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1. Government owns all of the land 2. single political party 3. no individual liberties 4. to spread communism thru Revolution
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What did Charles Schneck do and what was he convicted of?
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mailed letters to WWI drafters during the war encouraging them not to show fro duty/convicted os espionage(spying)
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Why did Attorney Mitchell palmer organize government raids?
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In order to arrest communists, socialists, and anarchists
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How much did average wages rise?
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28%
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What were the interest rates?
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11-40%
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What did people start buying on? What did people use to buy more and more?
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Credit/ Installment plans
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What were things bought on credit?
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cars. furniture, vacuum cleaners, radios, refrigerators, sewing machines, and washing machines
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The percentage of people who had electric lights.
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16-63%
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How did ford and the automobile change American society forever?
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growth of suburbs, mobile society, highways, gas stations, drive-ins etc.
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Ford's most popular model car made?
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\"Model T\" (Tin Lizzy) all same color and identical
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What did Ford perfect?
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the Assembly Line
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What is a flapper?
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a young rebellion, fun-loving, bold, bobbed, hair red lipstick, short loose dress, smoked and drank woman
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What kind of women worked?
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single women
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How was the women's training and payment?
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Not trained for high-level and paid less than men for doing the same job
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How many women actually voted in the 1920 election?
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35%
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What is the Great Migration?
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African Americans migrated North because of Jim Crow laws, new job opportunities, and industrial boom
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What are the two cities that became centers for Spanish-Speaking workers?
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New York and Los Angeles
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Who was Charles Lindberght?
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made the first solo flight across the Atlantic in 1927; Planes Name: Spirit of St. Louis
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Who is Amelia Earhart?
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flew across the Atlantic alone in 1932; flew solo from Hawaii to California in 1935; disappeared in attempt to fly around the world
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Describe the Jazz Age.
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started in new Orleans; popular w/ all ages; Harlem was hottest place to listen to jazz(Duke Ellington was the best known jazz musician to play in Harlem) Louis Armstrong an Ella Fitzgerald. Night clubs became big(cotton club)
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Who painted the rougher side of life?
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Edward Hooper and Rockwell Kent
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Who painted natural things?
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Georgia O'Keefe
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Who attacked American society?
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Sinclair Lewis
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Who wrote tragedies about American life?
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Eugene O'Neill
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What is the Lost Generation?
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a set of writers who felt they were lost in a greedy materialistic world that lacked moral values(Archibald MacLeish, Hart Crane, E.E. Cummings, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald)
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What is the Harlem Renaissance?
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African American literary awakening that took place Harlem, NY; showcasing African American talent: music, painting, literature(Zora Neale Hurston, Claude McKay, Countee Cullen, Langston Hughes
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What is Prohibition?
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18th Amendment; ban on alcohol in America;
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What are speakeasies?
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Illegal bars
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What did organized crime lead to?
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led to rise in mob activity
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Who is Al Capone?
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Nickname \"Scarface\"; bougth off policeman, judges, and politicians
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Who was out to get Al Capone?
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FBI J. Edgar Hoover
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What was Al Capone convicted of in 1931?
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Tax evasion
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Describe Fundamentalism.
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argued that the Bible was inspired by God and could not contain contradictions or errors
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Challenges to traditional beliefs came from what three directions?
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Science & Technology War & Widespread Problems academics
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What theory started gaining acceptance?
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evolution
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What was the Scopes Trial?
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Tennessee passed a law making teaching evolution illegal John T. Scopes(a teacher) challenged the law bc he believes it is his constitutional right
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Who was the prosecutor on the Scopes Trial?
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William Jennings Bryan
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Who was the defense on the Scopes Trial?
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Clarence Darrow
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Who lost the Scopes Trial?
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Scopes lost and was fined $100
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What was the red summer in 1919?
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Race riots erupted after an African American boy was stoned and drowned when he drifted into a \"White Only\" lake in Michigan. led to the revival of the KKK
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Describe the KKK.
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persecuted Catholics, Jews, immigrants used terrorism and lynching
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Who is Marcus Garvey?
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a Jamaican immigrant established the UNIA(Universal Negro Improvement Association)
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What did Garvey promote?
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He promoted African Pride and urged Africans to return to the motherland
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How much money did Garvey collect to charter a steamship to take African Americans to Africa?
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$10 million
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What was Garvey convicted of?
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Fraud in 1925
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The Roaring Twenties did not have a reputation as a decade of fun and prosperity
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False
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The Red Scare was the name of a deadly racial riot in the 1920s
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False
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President Harding's campaign slogan was for American to \"Return to Normalcy.\"
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True
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The Teapot Dome Scandal was the main cause of the Boston Tea Party
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False
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For the first time Americans were able to use rapid transit.
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True
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As many people moved from small villages to cities, many tensions developed.
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False
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An act was passed which limited the number of immigrants into the United States.
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True
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Conservative women who did not agree with the new changes were called \"Flappers.\"
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False
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In the Roaring Twenties, United States citizens were not allowed to drink alcohol.
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True
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The Roaring Twenties was also known as the Jazz Age.
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True
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Over half of America's riches were owned by only two percent of the people.
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True
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Boston police and U. S. Steel workers went on strike for higher wages and won.
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False
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Low interest rates sparked the construction of plants, homes, office buildings, and
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True
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Scientific Management identified the most time efficient ways to complete a task.
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True
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Vacuums, washing machines, irons, and toasters, were becoming popular and affordable in most homes.
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True
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In the 1920s, there were great tensions between Americans regarding social, racial, and moral beliefs.
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True
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After President Calvin Coolidge died, Warren Harding became the new President.
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False
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Garveyism discriminated against anyone who was not American, not white, and not Protestant
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False
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The Scopes Trial debated whether the Theory of Evolution could be taught in schools.
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True
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In the 1920s, many students did not attend high school, as it was only for college bound students.
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False
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Urban sprawl
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cities spread in all directions
