Thank You For Arguing – Flashcards
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accismus
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the figure of coyness ("Oh, you shouldn't have.")
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ad hominem
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The character attack. Logicians and the argument-averse consider it a bad thing.
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adianoeta
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the figure of hidden meaning
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a fortiori
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the Mikey-likes-it! argument. If something less likely is true, then something more likely is bound to be true.
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anadiplosis
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figure that builds one thought on top of another by taking the last word of a clause and using it to begin the next sentence
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anaphora
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a figure that repeats the first word in a succeding phrases or clauses. It works best in an emotional address before a crowd.
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anthropomorphism
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a logical fallacy-it attributes human traits to a non-human creature or object
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begging the question
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The fallacy of circular argument
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bushism
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Mangled political syntax.
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circumlocution (cir-cum-lo-CUE-tion)
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The rhetorical end run.
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concessio (con-SESS-io)
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The jiu-jitsu figure.
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converse accident fallacy
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A logical foul that uses a bad example to make a generalization.
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deliberative rhetoric
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One of three types of rhetoric (the other two are legal and demonstrative). Deliberative rhetoric deals with argument about choices. It concerns itself with matters that affect thefuture. Without deliberative rhetoric, we wouldn't have democracy.
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demonstrative rhetoric
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Also called epideictic, the speech of sermons, funeral orations and national anthems. It uses the present tense and its chief topic is values. Aristotle named it one of the three kinds of rhetoric, the other two being forensic (legal) and deliberative (political).
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dialect
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the purely logical debate of philosophers
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dialogismus (die-ah-log-IS mus)
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The one-person conversation.
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dialysis (die-AL-ih-sis)
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The either/or figure.
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diazeugma (die-ah-ZOOG-ma)
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the play-by-play figure.
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disinterest
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freedom from special interests
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dubitatio
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feigned doubt about your ability to speak well
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enargia (en-AR-gia)
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The special effects of figures: vivid description that makes an audience believe it's taking place before their very eyes.
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enthymeme (EN-thih-meem)
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Rhetoric's version of the syllogism. The enthymeme stakes a claim and then bases it on commonly accepted opinion. A little packet of logic, it can provide protein to an argument filled with emotion.
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epergesis (eh-per-GEE-sis)
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The clarifier.
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epideictic (ep-ih-dee-IC-tic)
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Demonstrative rhetoric, the speech of sermons, funeral orations and national anthems. It uses the present tense and its chief topic is values. Aristotle named it one of the three kinds of rhetoric, the other two being forensic (legal) and deliberative (political).
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equivocation (e-quiv-o-KAY-shon)
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The language mask.
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erotesis (eh-roe-TEE-sis)
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The rhetorical question.
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ethos
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Argument by character. It's one of the three kinds of argument; the other two are pathos (argument by emotion) and logos (argument by logic).
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eunoia
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Aristotle's word for disinterest, one of three characteristics of ethos.
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example
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Exempluml; An example that backs up an argument.
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forensic rhetoric
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argument that determines guilt or innocence
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homerism
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unbashed use of illogic
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hypophora (hie-PAH-for-uh)
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A figure that answers your own question. (What's the secret to comedy? Timing!)
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idiom (ID-ee-om)
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The figure of inseparable words.
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ignoratio elenchi (ig-no-ROT-io eh-LEN-chee)
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The fallacy of proving the wrong conclusion.
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innuendo
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The technique of planting negative ideas in the audience's head.
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jeremiad (jer-e MI-ad)
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Prophecy of doom; also called cataplexis.
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kairos (KIE-ros)
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The rhetorical art of seizing the moment.
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leptologia (lep-to-LO-gia)
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Quibbling.
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litotes (lie TOE tees)
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The figure of ironic understatement, usually negative.
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Logos
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Argument by logic. One of the three forms of argument; the other two are argument by emotion (pathos) and argument by character (ethos).
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metanoia (met-ah-NOY-a)
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The self-correcting figure.
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metastasis (met-AH-stah-sis)
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Skipping over an awkward matter
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metonymy (meh-TON-ih-mee)
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The figure of swap.
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neologism (NEE-oh-loh-gism)
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The newly minted word.
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non sequitur (non SEH-quit-tur)
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The figure of irrelevance.
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onomatopoeia (onna-motta-PEE-ah)
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The noisemaker.
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paradigm (PAR-ah-dime)
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Argument from example.
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paradox
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The contrary figure.
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paraprosdokian (pa-ra-proze-DOKE-ian)
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The unexpected ending.
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pathos
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Argument by emotion. One of the three forms of argument; the other two are argument by logic (logos), and argument by character (ethos).
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periphrasis (per-IF-ra-sis)
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The figure that swaps a descriptive phrase for a proper name, or vice versa.
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petitio principii (pe-TIH-tio prin-CIH-pee)
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Begging the question; the fallacy of circular argument.
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phronesis (fro-NEE-sis)
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Practical wisdom; street savvy.
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polysyndeton (polly-SIN-deh-ton)
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The conjunction connector.
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post hoc ergo propter hoc
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The chanticleer fallacy.
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prolepsis
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a figure of thought that anticipates an opponent's or audiences objections
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prosopopoeia (pro-so-po-PEE-uh)
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The figure of personification.
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quibbling
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Using careful language to obfuscate. The rhetorical term is leptologia
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red herring
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The fallacy of distraction.
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reductio ad absurdum
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Taking an opponent's argument to its illogical conclusio
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significatio
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a benign form of innuendo that implies more than it says
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slippery slope fallacy
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The fallacy of dire consequences. It assumes that one choice will necessarily lead to a cascading series of bad choices.
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solecism (SOL-eh-sizm)
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The figure of ignorance.
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straw man fallacy
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Instead of dealing with the actual issue, attack a weaker version of the argument.
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syncrisis (SIN-crih-sis)
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The not-that-but-this figure.
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synecdoche (sin-ECK-doe-kee)
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The scale-changing figure.
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tautology (taw-TAH-lo-gee)
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The redundant figure.
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yogiism (YOGEE-ism)
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The idiot savant figure, named after the immortal Yogi Berra.
